研究生英语综合教程上Unit2

高等院校研究生英语系列教材,综合教程（上）INTEGRATEDCOURSE,2,UNIT2,ARTOFTHETABLE,Content,StartingoutReadingFocusReadingMorePracticalTranslationFocusedWritingFinalProject,Task1ChinesecuisinehasbecomewidespreadinmanypartsoftheworldfromEastAsiatoNorthAmerica,AustraliatoWesternEurope.RegionalculturaldifferencesvarygreatlyamongthedifferentregionsofChina,givingrisetothedifferentstylesoffood.Thereareeightmainregionalcuisines:Anhui,Guangdong,Fujian,Hunan,Jiangsu,Shandong,SichuanandZhejiang.Workinpairstochoosetwodifferentregionalcuisineswithwhichyouarefamiliarfromtheeightalternativesabove.Comparethembydiscussingtheingredients,preparation,flavorsetc.(P35)Whatsyourfavoritedish?Why?Howisitprepared?,Startingout,Task2Withtheever-wideningopeninguptotheoutsideworld,Westernpracticesexertsomeinfluence,yettheyhavenotreallychangedtheeatinghabitsoftheChinesepeople.(P35),StartingoutTask2,DoyouthinkglobalizationwillhaveaneffectontraditionalChineseeatinghabits?Ifso,whyandhow?Ifnot,whynot?,IthinkglobalizationwillhaveaneffectonChineseeatinghabits.SinceReformandOpening-up,WesternpracticeshaveexertedprofoundinfluenceonthelivingstyleofChinesepeople.Wecanseethatgreatchangeshavetakeninthewaywefeedourselves.Forexample,manyChinesetodayliketohaveburgers,sandwichesandcoffeeinsteadofsteamedbunsandsoybeanmilkforbreakfast.,IdontthinkglobalizationwillhaveaneffectontraditionalChineseeatinghabits.Takemeforexample,Ipreferporridgestoburgersforbreakfastandteatocoffeeorcoke.IthinkChinesefood,oneofthemostpopularfoodchoicesinmostpartsoftheworld,hasaverylonghistoryanddistinctivecharacteristics.MostpeopleIknowenjoytraditionalChinesefoodbecauseittastesdeliciousandthepriceisreasonable.Therefore,globalizationwillhavelittleeffectontraditionalChineseeatinghabits.,Task3Discusswithyourpartnerthefollowingquestions.Globalizationiseverywhere.Inthefoodindustry,weseethatgiantssuchasKFCandMcDonaldshaveenteredChinesemarketandestablishedmanyfranchisesinmajorChinesecities.(P35)DoyouofteneatWesternstylefastfoodinKFCsorMcDonalds?Ifyes,whatdoyouthinkofthefoodservedthere?Ifnot,whynot?,StartingoutTask3,Yes,IoftenhavefastfoodinKFCandMcDonalds.Fastfoodchainscanprovidefoodofrelativelyuniformsize,volumeorevenshapeallovertheworldbecauseofitsstrictstandard.NomatterwhereIam,Iwillhaveburgersandchipsofthesametaste.Thatsreallyfantastic!No,IdontlikefastfoodinKFCandMcDonalds.Exceptburgersandchips,theycannotprovideanythingelsethatisinterestingandcreative.Foodthereisreallyanuisancewithawfultasteandunattractiveprice.Besides,thehigh-caloriefoodisanightmareforme.DontforgetthatImonadietthesedays.,SomepeopleworrythatthepopularityoftheWesternstylefastfoodamongChinesepeople,youngpeopleinparticular,willgiverisetoadeclineinthepopularityoftraditionalChinesefood,suchas,thesteamedbun.(P35)Doyouagree?Whyorwhynot?ApartfromAmericanfastfoodandhotelbuffets,whatdoyouknowaboutwesterneatinghabits?,Task3,StartingoutTask3,Withallthesenewchoices,wemustusefoodpyramidguidetomake_.Thismostimportantgroupismadeupofallfood_.Butvegetablegroupalsoincludescarrots,potatoesandother_._isrichinprotein,vitaminsandmineralsincludingcalcium._isthesmallestpart.,healthyfoodselection,madefromwholegrains,slightlyedibleplants,Dairyfood,Thetipofthepyramid,Startingout,FoodPyramidListencarefullytoanaudioclipaboutfoodpyramidandcompletetheblank-fillingexercise.,CulinaryDelightsinChina,ReadingFocus,ReadingFocus,ListentoadialogueonFoodandRestaurants,andcompletethegap-fillingexercise.1.Ifyouwantahamburger,hotdogorfriedpotato,youcangotothose_or_.2.Butremember,ifyouchoosetostaythereenjoyingyourfood,youshould_afterfinishingthemeal.3.Andifyouwantsomevegetables,youcangotothe_onthestreet.4.Indinersorcoffeeshops,youcanorderfoodofvariouslevelsaccordingto_and_.5.Finally,using_aretheeasiestwaytosolveyourfoodproblem.Youcanfindanythinginit.,BackgroundInformation,refreshmentstands,snackbars,paysometips,saladbars,yourownpreference,economicstatus,vendingmachines,ReadingFocusGlobalUnderstanding,(Paras.2-5),(Paras.6-11),(Paras.12-15),Introduction(Para.1),LocalChinesecuisines,Sichuancuisine:_theuseofChinesepricklyashseedsandotherspiceslikechilipepper,ReadingFocusGlobalUnderstanding,deliciousyeteconomical,famousforitsspicyandhotfood,Guangdongcuisine:withits_B.famousfor_C._,ReadingFocusGlobalUnderstanding,owncharacteristicsthathasexertedafar-reachinginfluenceonotherpartsofChinaandtheworld,itsseafoodaswellasforitsoriginalityandrefinedcookingprocesses,offeringvarioussoups,LocalChinesecuisines,Zhejiangcuisine:A._B._,ReadingFocusGlobalUnderstanding,lightandexquisite,withtherefreshingflavorsofnature,LocalChinesecuisines,Everydishhasastory,ReadingFocusGlobalUnderstanding,Goubuli:A.Goubulisteamedbuns_.B.Theywere_.DongpoMeat:A._,agreatpoetoftheNorthernSongDynasty.B._.,firstsoldinTianjinabout150yearsago,sopopularthattheownerhadnotimetoanswerhiscustomers,ThisdishwasnamedafterSuDongpo,Herewardedworkerswithstewedporkinsoysauce,Everydishhasastory,ReadingFocusGlobalUnderstanding,BuddhaJumpingovertheWall:Thisdishwascreatedinthe_.B.Itisprepared_.C._.,GatheringSpringGardeninFuzhou,Fujian,duringthereignofQingEmperorGuangxu.,withmorethan20mainingredients,Apoetwroteapoemforthedish,Warmthandhospitalityexpressedbyfood,ReadingFocusGlobalUnderstanding,Eatinghabitshavenotchanged.A.Theoldandyoung_.B.Elders_.C.Thehostessorhost_.D.Everyone_.,sitinorderofseniority,selectfoodfortheyoungandtheyoungmaketoaststotheelders,apportionsthedishestotreatguests,takesintoconsiderationtheneedsofthegroup,ReadingFocusGlobalUnderstanding,Specialfoodforsocialfestivals:A._.B._.C._.,JiaozifortheSpringFestival,YuanxiaofortheLanternFestival,ZongziforDuanwuFestival,Warmthandhospitalityexpressedbyfood,Task2,Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthesentencefromthetext.(P43),ReadingFocusDetailedInformation,Key1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-,C,D,A,B,D,B,B,D,A,B,CriticalThinking,ReadingFocus,1.Everydishhasastory.Inthetexttherearethreestoriesaboutnames:Goubulisteamedbuns,DongpoMeatandBuddhaJumpingovertheWall.Tellthestorybehindafamousdishwithwhichyourefamiliar.Howabout“过桥米线”？,ReadingFocusCriticalThinking,ReadingFocusCriticalThinking,2.“Thenamesofsomedishesaresoeccentricthattheymayconfusepeople,bothChineseandforeigners.Ifyouonlytranslatethenamesliterallywithnoexplanation,youcouldmakeafoolofyourself.”Doyouagree?Provideexamplestosupportorargueagainsttheauthorspoint.Howabout“蚂蚁上树”？,ReadingFocusCriticalThinking,3.Somepeoplesaythatyouarewhatyoueat.Inthetext,theauthorbelievesthatculinarycustomshavehadacertaininfluenceonthecharacteroftheChinesepeople.Doyouagreeornot?Drawonyourpersonalexperienceorcomeupwithfactstosupportyouropinion.,ReadingFocusCriticalThinking,4.NowmoreandmoreChinesealsocelebrateWesternfestivals.WiththepopularityofWesternfestivalsinChina.DoyouthinkthatChinesepeoplewillbelessconcernedaboutwhatfoodtheyeatatfestivals?Backupyouropinionwithexamples.,1.Sichuan,knownasNaturesStorehouse,isalsoastorehouseofcuisine.Here,eachandeveryrestaurantprovidesdeliciousyeteconomicalculinaryfare.(Para.3)fare:(n.)1)food,especiallyfoodservedinarestaurantoreatenonaspecialoccasione.g.traditionalChristmasfare2)thepriceyoupaytotravelsomewherebybus,train,planeetc.e.g.Airfareshaveshotupby20%.,ReadingFocusLanguagePoint,2.GuangdongProvinceislocatedinsouthernChina,withamoderateclimateandabundantproduceallyearround.(Para.4)moderate:(adj.)neitherverybignorverysmall,veryhotnorverycold,veryfastnorveryslowetc中等的，适度的moderateexercise适度的运动amoderateincome过得去的收入havemoderatesuccess大致还算成功atamoderatespeed以适中的速度“produce”,usedasanoun,meansfoodorotherthingsthathavebeengrownorproducedonafarmtobesolde.g.freshlocalproduce新鲜特产dairyproduce奶产品,ReadingFocusLanguagePoint,3.Zhejiangcuisineislightandexquisite,andistypicaloffoodfromalongthelowerYangtzeRiver.(Para.5)light:(adj.)foodoralchholicdrinkthatislighteitherdoesnothaveastrongflavororiseasytodigeste.g.1)Wehadalightwhitewinewiththefish.2)alight,refreshingdessertexquisite:(adj.)extremelybeautifulanddelicate精致的；精美的e.g.anexquisitehand-paintedvase精致的手绘花瓶,ReadingFocusLanguagePoint,4.BuddhaJumpingovertheWallwascreatedinarestaurantcalledGatheringSpringGardeninFuzhou,Fujian,duringthereignoftheQingEmperor,Guangxu(1875-1908).(Para.11)reign:(n.)theperiodoftimeduringwhichsomeoneiskingorqueene.g.changesthattookplaceduringhisreignreign:(v.)toruleanationorgroupofnationsastheirking,queen,oremperore.g.GeorgeVIreignedfrom1936to1952.,ReadingFocusLanguagePoint,5.Theeldersselectfoodfortheyoungwhiletheyoungmaketoaststotheelders.(Para.12)Ifyoumakeatoasttosomeone,youdrinksomethinginordertothankthem,wishthemlucketc.e.g.Idliketomakeatoasttothebrideandgroom.,ReadingFocusLanguagePoint,6.InChina,foodeatenduringfestivalsisparticularlyimportant.Atdifferentfestivals,peoplepartakeofdifferentfare.(Para.15)partakeof:toeatordrinksomethingthatisofferedtoyoue.g.1)Grandmotherlikestopartakeofasmallglassofsherrybeforelunch.2)Willyoupartakeofaglassofwine?,ReadingFocusLanguagePoint,Task1Choosetheanswerthatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinthesentence.(P46),ReadingFocusVocabularyinAction,Key1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-,A,B,B,C,B,A,B,C,A,C,Task2,1.budA.Ablossomdevelopsfroma_.B.Inthispoem,the_flowermeansyouth.2.accessA.Theonly_tothatancientcastleisalongamuddytrack.B.Userscan_theirvoicemailremotely.3.tasteA.Themedicinehadaslightlybitter_.B.Therewasalotofhardworkbeforewefirst_success.,Fillineachoftheblankswithanappropriateformofthewordgivenandexplainitsmeaning.(P47),ReadingFocusVocabularyinAction,bud(n.),budding(adj.),access(n.),access(v.),taste(n.),taste(v.),4.foolA.Katherinewasnobodys_whenitcametomoney.B.Itsnogood_yourself.HduceA.Thefactory_anincredible100carsperhour.B.Weselltinnedgoodsandlocal_.6.garnishA.They_theroomwithmodernpaintings.B.Thechickenwasservedwith_ofparsleyandgreenonion.7.reignA.TheQueen_butdoesnotrule.B.Thekings_lastedfor30years.,ReadingFocusVocabularyinAction,fool(n.),fooling(n.),produces(v.),produces(n.),garnish(v.),garnishes(n.),reigns(v.),reign(n.),8.concernA.Environmentalprotectionisagrowing_inChina.B.Helovedhiswife,and_A.Thebuildingis_afterasuccessfulentrepreneur.B.CouldIcallyoubyyourfirst_?10.practiceA.Ive_playingthepianoforfiveyears.B.Itishis_totakeawalkafterdinnereveryevening.,ReadingFocusVocabularyinAction,concern(n.),concerned(v.),named(v.),name(n.),practiced(v.),practice(n.),Task3,Fillineachoftheblankswithanappropriatewordfromthebox.Changetheformifnecessary.,ReadingFocusVocabularyinAction,masterpieceintegratepartakesteamchoiceamazepleasurepresentaspirehand,CuisineinChinaisaharmonious1)_ofcolor,taste,shapeandfragrance.Forthecookingprocess,chefspick2)_andvariedingredientsandseasoningsandemploytheunparalleledandcomplicatedskills3)_downfromtheirfathers,always4)_totheiridealofperfectionforallthesenses.Amongthemanycookingmethodstheyuseareboiling,stewing,braising,frying,5)_,crisping,baking,simmering.,integration,choice,handed,aspiring,steaming,Whentheyfinishtheir6)_theyarearrangedonavarietyofplatesanddishessothattheyareareal7)_toview,tosmellandultimatelytosavor.Thefacilityto8)_ofthesedelightsisalsodistinctivechopsticks!Toseeeventhesmallestchildeatwithsuchdexterityisquite9)_formanyforeigners.TheuseoftwosimplesticksinthiswayisanartinitselfandchopstickshavedeterminedthewayinwhichChinesefoodis10)_atthetable.,ReadingFocusVocabularyinAction,masterpieces,pleasure,partake,amazing,presented,masterpieceintegratepartakesteamchoiceamazepleasurepresentaspirehand,ACuisineCrisis,ReadingMore,ReadingMore,GlobalUnderstanding,CriticalThinking,LanguagePoints,VocabularyinAction,1,2,3,4,Discussingroupstoidentifythemissinginformation.,ReadingMoreGlobalUnderstanding,piledhighingreengrocerscreativegeometrics,oyster,hare,venison,boar,smellandsavor,Discussingroupstoidentifythemissinginformation.,ReadingMoreGlobalUnderstanding,differentandmarketable,nutty,fruityimpudent,Francehaschefswhoareinterestedingoodproducts,Francestillhaspeasantagricultureaswellasfactoryfarms,ReadingMoreGlobalUnderstanding,Manyfruitsandvegetablesontheoutdoormarketareimportedfromforeigncountries.Gallictalent,tasteandtechniquehavebeenexportedallovertheworldandatthesametime,whatismediocre,cheapandpopularhasbeenimported.,ReadingMoreGlobalUnderstanding,Moreandmorerestaurateurshavetocopewithredtape,nottomentionedictsfromBrusselsthataffecteverythingfromsalestaxestothebacteriaintheBrie.,The“harmonized”value-addedtaxesbenefitfast-foodchainswhilepenalizingsit-downrestaurants.,Strictlaborlawsrestricthiring,firingandtemp-work.,Governmentregulations,forexample,CAP,favorquantityoverquality.,CriticalThinking,ReadingMore,ReadingMoreCriticalThinking,Readthefollowingsentencesanddecidewhetheryouagreewiththeauthorornot.Workingroupstoprovideexamplestosupportorargueagainsttheauthorspoints.,1.GlobalizationispartlyresponsibleforthedeclineofFrenchcuisine.,2.Artisticsuccessoftenspellsbusinessdisaster.,1.Meanwhile,whatwasmediocreelsewherealbeitcheapandpopularhasbeenimported.(Para.4)mediocre:(adj.)notverygoode.g.1)Ithoughtthebookwasprettymediocre.2)Hesapersonofmediocreabilities.albeit:(conj.)although;evenif;eventhough尽管，即使；纵然e.g.apeaceful,albeitbriefretirement虽然短暂但却很平静的退休生活,ReadingMoreLanguagePoint,2.FromtheNapaValleytotheThamesandTokyo,non-FrenchcookshavecrackedthecodesofthebestFrenchcuisine.(Para.4)Paraphrase:CooksfromotherpartsoftheworldhavelearnedthehighlightsoftheFrenchcuisine.crack:(v.)tosolveacomplicatedproblem,ortofindtheanswertoamystery解决(难题)；解开(秘密)e.g.Detectivesbelievetheycancrackthecase.侦探们相信他们可以破这个案子。,ReadingMoreLanguagePoint,3.TheyhavebecomeensnaredintheredtapeforwhichFranceisinfamous.(Para.5)ensnare:(v.)toentangleorcatchin(orasifin)ameshnete.g.Parkrangersfoundthreedeerthathadbecomeensnaredintraps.公园管理员找到了3只被困在陷阱里的鹿。ensnaredintoalovelessrelationship受骗而陷入一种没有爱的关系之中infamous:wellknownforsomethingbade.g.aninfamouscriminal臭名昭著的罪犯,ReadingMoreLanguagePoint,4.ButtherealparadoxofFrenchcookinginFrance,atleastisthatartisticsuccessoftenspellsbusinessdisaster.(Para.7)paradox:situationorideathatisstrangebecauseithasfeaturesorqualitiesthatyouwouldnotexpecttoexisttogether自相矛盾的情况；似非而是的说法；悖论e.g.theparadoxofpeoplewiththebestqualificationsnotbeingabletogetjobs高学历的人无法找到工作的怪事spelltrouble/disaster/dangeretc:ifasituationoractionspellstroubleetc,itmakesyouexpecttroubleetc:e.g.1)Thelackofraincouldspelldisasterforfarmers.2)Thesechangesspellruinforthecompany.,ReadingMoreLanguagePoint,5.IftheFrenchwereunderthesamefiscalregimeastheUnitedStates,wedbeabletocreatetwiceasmanyjobs.(Para.8)regime:(n.)1)aparticularsystemofgovernmentormanagement,itary/totalitarian/fascistregime;brutal/oppressive/corruptregime2)aparticularsystem,usedespeciallywhentalkingaboutaprevioussystem,oronethathasjustbeenintroducede.g.Underthenewregime,allsheepandcattlewillberegularlytestedfordisease.,ReadingMoreLanguagePoint,6.Manysmallfarmersandrestaurateursseemtobefightingarearguardactionjusttosurvive.(Para.11)fightingarearguardaction:tomakeadeterminedefforttopreventachangethatyouthinkisbad,althoughitseemstoolatetostopite.g.1)Theyhavebeenfightingarearguardactiontostopasupermarketbeingbuiltontheland.2)Hefoughtastubbornrearguardactionagainstpoliticalreform.,ReadingMoreLanguagePoint,7.TheproblemsafflictingFrenchcuisineareemblematicofthosethatplaguetheeconomyasawhole.(Para.12)plague:(v.)tocausecontinualdiscomfort,suffering,ortroubletosomeonee.g.1)Hehasbeenplaguingmewithsillyquestions.2)Financialproblemscontinuedtoplaguethecompany.,ReadingMoreLanguagePoint,Choosetheanswerthatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordorphraseinthesentence.(P56),ReadingMoreVocabularyinAction,Key1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-,A,A,D,B,A,B,C,A,A,B,Task1,Task2,e.g.Artisticsuccessoftenspellsbusinessdisaster.“Spell”meansindicate/signifyinthesentence.,Englishwordsassumedifferentmeaningsindifferentcontexts.Explainthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinthecontext.(P57),ReadingMoreVocabularyinAction,ReadingMoreVocabularyinAction,1.Thecongenialquaintnessofthestreetmarket,infact,drawsdirectlyonglobalization.“congenial”means_inthesentence.2.Non-FrenchcookshavecrackedthecodesofthebestFrenchcuisine.“crack”means_inthesentence.,pleasant,understand,ReadingMoreVocabularyinAction,3.AttheannualagriculturalfairinParisthisspring,visitorsnotonlyenjoyedsippingwines,butoliveoils.“fair”means_inthesentence.4.Oliveoilsonealittlenutty,anotherquitefruity,someofthem,oneistemptedtosay,justalittleimpudent.“impudent”means_inthesentence.,aneventinwhichpeopleorbusinessesshoworselltheirproducts,cheeky,ReadingMoreVocabularyinAction,5.Considerthevalue-addedtaxesthatwere“harmonized”alloverEuropeduringthe1990s.“harmonized”means_inthesentence.6