名词性从句复习ppt课件

.,高二英语预备知识复习,名词性从句,.,一、名词怎么怎么用？,.,名词在句中可充当：,1、主语(subject)：,Thegamesbroughtusalotoffun.,2、表语(predicative)：,Hissonisabigtrouble.,3、宾语(objective)：,Herestedhisheadagainstthewall.,4、同位语(appositive)：,MrsWhitesclosestfriend,alittledog,diedyesterday.,.,二、什么叫名词性从句？,.,1.主语从句（subjectiveclause)：,Thathemissedsuchagoodchancetotakeafurtherstudyabroadmadehismotherfrustrated.,2.表语从句(predicativeclause):,Thetroubleisthatheneverlistenstooursuggestions.,.,3.宾语从句(objectiveclause):,Hetoldmethathehadwatchedthenewmovie.,Todaywearegoingtotalkabouthowweshoulddealwiththisproblem.,.,4.同位语(appositiveclause):,Thenewsthatthetornadowilldevelopoverthisareahasmadeallthevillagersupset.,.,名词性从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,.,判断下列名词性从句的类型：,Theparentsweresurprisedthattheirbabycouldwalksosteadily.,Thepossibilitythatourdinnerpartymightbeputoffmakesthechildrenalittleupset.,Howtheybrokeintoourhouseisstillunknown.,Thetruthisthatthefivesensesareallimportanttous.,宾从,同位语从句,主语从句,表语从句,.,Thequestioniswhyhecheatedus.,Thatwewillfinishthistaskbytheendofnextmonthisoutofquestion.,AllthekidsshowedgreatinterestinwhetherSantaClauswouldbringgiftstothem.,Sherefusedtoanswerthequestionwhyshegotsoangryatthemeeting.,宾从,同位语从句,主语从句,表语从句,.,名词性从句的本质：,三种句式充当四种成分,陈述句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句句,主语,宾语,表语,同位语,.,三、名词性从句的关系词怎么用？,.,名词性从句引导词,that,if/whether,wh-,陈述句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,.,1.名词性从句的that引导陈述句，在从句中不占任何成分。,Thatwecouldntfindourwayoutwasreallybadnews.,Shesensedthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallman.,Thetruthisthatyoudidhimwrong.,Thefactthatyoudidhimwrongmadehimveryangry.,.,2.引导名词性从句的that在非宾语从句中不可省，宾语从句中的that在大多数情况下可省，但也有例外：,A)介词后的that不可省,Thereasonliesinthatthefogistoothick.,B)宾语从句有插入成分时，that不可省,Hetoldmethatifitrained,hewouldstayathome.,Hetoldme(that)hewouldstayathomeifitrained.,.,C)当多个宾语从句并列时，that不可省,Hesaidthathewouldbefreenextweekandthathemightvisitusthen.,Nobodyknewwhathadhappenedandthatshewassoworried.,.,3.介词后的名词性从句（宾从）通常不能由that引导，但in或except后面的名词性从句例外。,Theproblemliesinthatthemistmaybecomeathickfog.,IdidnttellhimanythingexceptthatIwasntabletofindmywayback.,.,4.reason后面的表语从句只能由that引导，不可用because引导。,Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthathisbikebrokedownontheway.,because?,.,1.if/whether引导一般疑问句充当的名词性从句；原先的疑问句语序在从句中应转换为陈述句语序。,Shewondered.Wouldthebusesstillberunning?,Shewonderedif/whetherthebuseswouldstillberunning.,.,2.下列情况只用whether，不用if：,Whetheritisgoingtoclearupkeepsmewondering.,Thetroubleiswhetherhewouldhelpus.,Theresultwhetherheisabletopasstheexamisstillunknown.,A)引导非宾语从句时,只用whether：,Whetheritisinsummerorinwinter,Hainanisagoodplacetobe.,.,B)介词后的宾语从句只用whether.,Sheisntcertainaboutwhethershehasdoneanythingwrong.,C)跟or连用时通常用whether.,IwanttoknowwhetherornotthetraingoestoKingStreet.,TheteacheraskedmewhetherIwenttoschoolbybikeorbybus.,.,1.名词性从句的疑问词引导疑问句，在从句中要占成分。,2.疑问词引导的名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。,3.在任何情况下引导名词性从句的疑问词都不可省。,Icantunderstandwhathesaid.,Icantunderstandwhyhewaslate.,.,四、三个重要的相关问题,.,一、比较同位语从句和定语从句：,ThefactthatPollytoldusistrue.B)ThefactthatPollydidntaskforthemansnameisapity.,定语从句,同位语从句,.,Thesuggestionthatyoumadeatthemeetingsoundsreasonable.B)Thesuggestionthatweshouldgotherebytaxisoundsreasonable.,定语从句,同位语从句,.,Thereasonwhyherefusedtoanswerthequestionisquiteclear.B)Alltheworkersdontbelievethereasonthatheexplainedtothemyesterday.C)Hegotherelateforthereasonthathehadmissedtheearlybus.,定语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,.,同位语从句和定语从句的区别：,同位语从句是对前面抽象名词的具体解释；定语从句是对先行词的修饰限定。同位语从句的引导词that不占成分；定语从句的引导词that在从句中占成分。同位语从句的引导词that不可换成which,不可省略；定语从句的引导词that有时可换成which,有时可省。,.,二、与形式主语(宾语)结构的转换,1.主语从句和形式主语的转换,ThatTomalwaysgetsupat6:00a.m.,finishesschoolat5:00p.m.andgoestobedat10:00p.m.isarule.,ItisarulethatTomalwaysgetsupat6:00a.m.,finishesschoolat5:00p.m.andgoestobedat10:00p.m.,.,常见的形式主语结构：Itissaidthat据说Itisreportedthat据报道Itisknowntousthat众所周知Itiscommonlythoughtthat普遍认为Itisveryclearthat很明显,.,2.宾语从句和形式宾语的转换,Wethinkthatweshouldtryourbesttopreventthepeopleinthisareacuttingdowntreesnecessary.,Wethinkitnecessarythatweshouldtryourbesttopreventthepeopleinthisareacuttingdowntrees.,.,三