英语公共演讲开头和结尾技巧ppt课件.ppt

Beginningofthespeech,GuidelinesGoalsoftheintroductionDevelopinganEffectiveIntroductionAvoidingCommonFaultsCriteriaforanEffectiveIntroductionTipsforyou,Goalsoftheintroduction,GettingYourAudiencesAttentionHelpestablishamoodCreateaFavorablePersonalRelationshipwiththeAudienceMaketheSpeakerMoreatEasePreviewYourMainIdeas,DevelopinganEffectiveIntroduction,FivewaysAskingaQuestionUsingaQuotationUsingStartlingFactsorStatisticsUsingStoriesUsingHumors,AskingaQuestion,Examples:Whatbugsyoumostaboutyourcollegeclasses?Ifyoucouldorhadtolivethelifeofsomeoneelse,whomwouldyouchoose?Doyouagreewiththatoldclaimthatonlydeathandtaxesareinevitable?,UsingaQuotation,Examples:Awisepersononcesaid,“Alwayshaveyourbagspacked,youneverknowwherelifesjourneyisgoingtotakeyou.”Icouldntagreemore.Infact,asyoucansee,Ihavemybagswithmetonight.sheholdsupherstandardmedicalbagfortheaudiencetosee.-AMApresidentNancyDickey,AmericanMedicalAssociation,UsingStartlingFactsorStatistics,AspeechabouteatingdisorderWhoarefiveofthemostimportantwomeninyourlife?Yourmother?Yoursister?Yourdaughter?Yourwife?Yourbestfriend?Nowwhichoneofthemhashadorwillhaveaneatingdisorder?Beforeyoudisregardmyquestion,listentowhatresearchtellsus.OneineveryfivewomenintheUnitedStateshaseatingdisorder.,UsingStories,PersonalstoriesCelebritysstoriesAnonymousstoriesDogsstories,UsingHumors,Speakersshouldassurethatthereisapracticalpointtotheiruseofhumorsothattheycanstillmakearelevantapplicationofthestorytothetopicorarea.,Beginningofthespeech,Whydoabriefintroductionplaysuchanimportantroleinaspeech?Introductionisthefaceofyourspeech,whichdecidestheaudiencesimpressionofyourtopicIntroductionreflectsthetopicofyourspeech.Introductionshowshowmuchyouhavepreparedforthisspeech.,C.Avoidingsomecommonfaultsofintroduction,a.Nocommonbutineffectivestatements,b.Noapology,c.Notoomuchdetailedintroductions,d.Dontstartwith“TodayImgoingtotalkabout”,e.Dontleadtheaudiencetotakeanegativeattitudetowardyoursubject,f.Dontaskabroadquestion,C.Avoidingsomecommonfaultsofintroduction,a.Nosuchineffectivestatements,BeforeIbeginmytalk,Iwanttosay,IhopeIcanremembereverythingIwanttosay,PleaseforgivemeifIhavemissedsomething,Commonusedbutinsignificantstatements:,b.Noapology,Imcertainlygladtobeheretotalkwithyoutoday,butIdowanttoapologizebeforeIbeginmyspeech,Illtrytogiveyoualotinformationaboutthissubject,butIjustgotbackfromameetinganddidnthaveallthetime,IsorryaboutthecoughIhavetoday.IhopeyoullbeabletobearmeOKandthatyoullbearwithme,Apologiesareusuallythesameandinappropriate.Youcangetyouproblemsexplainedbythechairormoderatorinsteadofyourselfifnecessary.,c.Notoomuchdetailedintroductions,d.Dontstartwith“TodayImgoingtotalkabout”,Quotations-ChairmanMaohadeversaidthat-Asafamoussayinggoes,Createhumorousatmosphere-Withafunnyjoke.-Relevanttoyourtopic.,Raiseaquestion?-IsanybodyknowthatEinsteinhadever?-Whatisthemosteffectivewaytolearn.?,Tellastory-Oncetherewasaboywhodevotedalotto-Itisatruestoryhappenedaround,e.Dontleadtheaudiencetotakeanegativeattitudetowardyoursubject,Beoptimistic,bepassionateandhumorousAudiencewillfollowyourstep.,Noattention-getterNorespondenceandagreement.,f.Dontaskabroadquestion,Getyouraudienceabsent-mindedofyourbroadquestionLeadyouraudiencetothinkitsawasteoftimeTheaudienceknownothingaboutyoutopic,Haveyoueverwonderedbowoilisdistributed?,ImnotsurethatIcantalkaboutthisissueprofessionallyandcreatively.,Yourmaynotrealizeit,andyoumaynotagreewithme,butactuallythemostimportantthingis.,D.Criteriaforaneffectiveintroduction,5.itispersuasiveandinnovative,1.Itisrelevant,4.Itstimulatedyouraudience,2.Itgetyouraudienceinvolved,3.Itgetsthemtothinkpositivelyaboutyoursubject,E.Tipsforyou,Themostsuccessfulpeoplearetheonewhovegotmostfailures.,Itisveryimportantforustofollowtheregulationatschoolasastudent,Noonecanachieveifhecontributesnothing,youneedtobedevoted.,2.Avoidclichs,3.Bedirectly,1.Beassertive,E.Tipsforyou,4.Usequotes,Well-saidquotesisavailable.Nocross,nocrown,5.Beconfidant,imagineyouhavesucceedformanytimePractice!practiceandpractice,6.Learnfromcommonlife,Slowdownthepaceoflife,payattentiontoroadsidescenery,Conclusionofthespeech,GuidelineThepurposeofconclusionMethodsofconcludingDosandDontsofConclusionTipsForU,A.Thepurposeofconclusion,PurposesTodrawthelastattentionToleaveyourfavorableimpressionTogiveasenseofcompleteness,B.Methodsofconcluding,MethodsSummarizeCallforactionGivechallengeThrowashockRefertothefollowingeventReturntotheintroductionThanktheaudience,C.DosandDontsofConclusion,1、DoWorkonYourConclusionCarefully,2、DoPointUpThatYouAreAbouttoFinishIfHelpful,3、DoMaketheConclusion10%orLessofYourSpeech,4、DoWriteOuttheFirstSentenceofYourConclusiononYourSpeech,5、DoThanktheAudience,C.DosandDontsofConclusion,1、DoNotSay。,2、DoNotApologize,3、DoNotStretchItOut,4、