高中英语音标语音专题讲与练(最新修改含答案)

高中英语语音专题I 国际音标表（48个）长元音/:/啊（长音）/:/奥（长音）/:/额（长音）/i:/一（长音）/ u:/屋（长音）短元音/阿/ /奥/额/一/ /屋/e/挨/挨/e/和拼音的“ei”一样/a/挨/哦一双元音/一而/e/挨而/ /勿而/ /欧/a /袄（惨叫声）元音（20个）辅音（28个）轻辅音/p/颇/t/特/k/克/f/佛/四（咬舌音）/s/四浊辅音/b/伯/d/得/g/个/v/勿/字（咬舌音）/z/自轻辅音/是/h/和/ts/差（ci）/t/吃/tr/缺浊辅音/日/r/若/dz/资/d/织/dr/撅鼻音/m/呣/n/呢/嗯半元音/j/也/ w/五边音/了（前）;偶（后）高考考点知识讲与练一、考查一些字母的特殊读音。1元音字母a,e,i,o,u. (字母a)1) 通常在重读开音节中读e: cake, base, escape, plane2) 在重读闭音节中读: fat, trap, exactly, rapid, dam3) 在w后通常读: wash, want, what, wander 特殊： : water4 ) 在s,ss,st,sk,ch,th,n,f前读: master, ask, task, class, glass, father, path, after, branch, advance5) 在非重读音节中读: again, camera, vacation, vegetable6) 在非重读音节中读： courage,encourage,language,necklace,orange, average,baggage, village7) eany,many,anyhow,anything,anybody等含有any的不定代词中1.match A. separate B. marry C. machine D. many 2. animal A. ache B. anything C. advance D. anxious 3. majority A. baggage B. attract C. Canadian D. magazine 4. cake A. have B. vase C. water D. escape5. want A. wander B. again C. fat D. rapid6. courage A. plane B. vegetable C. wash, D. village7. anything A. vacation B. many C. task D. path8. class A. camera B. after C. any D. anybody1-8 BDDDADBB （字母e）1) 通常在重读开音节中读: be, these, she2) 在重读闭音节中读e: press, net, gentle3) 特殊：: actress, careless, develop, entire, perfect, reduce, secret, carpet, celebrate, desert ,before: children, open, problem, silence, satellite, September不发音：frighten, listen, often, garden, citizen1. medicine A. except B. record C. increase D. open2.these A. she B. press C. develop D. children3.silence A. often B. problem C. secret D. gentle4.garden A. listen B. before C. reduce D. careless5.perfect A. silence B. actress C. frighten D. September1-5AABAB （字母i）1) i通常在开音节中读ai: wipe, ripe alive, wine, arrive, beside, polite, life ,smile, surprise2) 在闭音节中读i: quiz, sick, dish ,sing, dig, film, miss, winter, picture, difficult3) 在非重读音节中读： impossible,possible,terrible,holiday,horrible4） 在nd, ld, mb前读ai：mind, kind, blind, find, child, climb特殊： : police,Pisa,machine,magazine,techniquelive, give, notice, native, office, promise, imagine, opposite不发音：basin, civil, pencil, pupil, cousin,(i的发音近几年没考，须注意)1. quiz A. wine B. smile C. sing D. mind2. live A. blind B. give C. police D. child3. climb A. winter B. film C. polite D. native4. office A. notice B. civil C.pencil D. impossible5. machine A. imagine B. opposite C. difficult D. magazine6. holiday A. basin B. native, C. terrible D. film7. wipe A. beside B. dig C. sing D. dish8. surprise A. alive B. promise C. difficult D. cousin1-8 CBCADCAA（字母o）1) o通常在重读开音节中读: stone, note, progress, motor lonely, smoke no, joke, go, programme但在下面单词中读u:：do, to, who, move, prove, lose, whose, tomb, shoe, remove, canoe（独木舟）2) 在重读闭音节中读: copy, boss, cloth, fond, long, knock, across, common但在st, ld, th前常读: most, post, cold, both, roll, hold, scold, host, fold, told, almost, clothes等3) 在非重读音节中读 : collection, complete, compare, composition, custom, develop, iron police, polite, observe, official, Europe 4) 在m, n, th, v等前时读 : comfort, ton, done, come, some, love, cover, mother, another, other, company特殊 1.uwoman2. women 3.: story4. comb, Negro, piano, radio, tomato 5. gone，common，concert 6.不发音：cotton, reason, prison, person, pardon, lesson, poison1. stop A. lose B. woman C. shock D. rose 2. compare A. company B. continue C. common D. concert 3. stone A. progress B. move C. lose D. remove4. prove A. copy B. knock C. remove D. fond,5. most A. custom B. long C. scold D. collection6. observe A. concert B. tomato C. some D. complete 7. comfort A. story B. cotton C. mother D. lesson8. women A. woman B. picture C. company D. observe9. Europe A. develop B. radio C. roll D. hold10. across A. gone B. done C. some D. cover1-10 CBACCDCBAA（字母u）1) u通常在重读开音节中读: use, duty, computer, reduce, rescue, tube, Tuesday2) u通常在重读开音节中或读 : true3) u在重读开音节中辅音字母l, r, j 后读 : blue, rule, ruler, June, rude4) 在重读闭音节中读: cup, umbrella, lunch, Sunday, hurry, suddenly, funny, hungry5) 在重读闭音节中或读 : put, pull, push, bullet特殊：autumn, August, industry, succeed, success, suppose, until, unless, supply, difficulteburybusy, minute, businessmuseum, communism, unite, January, occupy1.club A. pollution B. struggle C. useful D. bury 2. computer A. Tuesday B. museum C. unite D. January3. minute A. busy B. industry C. success D. suppose4. blue A. ruler B. push C. pull D. bullet5. difficult A. unless B funny C. hungry D. rude1-5BAAAA2辅音字母c,w,n,s,g. c通常发k,（在元音a,o,u前和辅音前，以及在词尾时）: cat ,cost, cut, cloud, cycle特殊： (在ia, ie ,io前) 读 delicious, musician, special, social, socialist, official (多在e,I,y前) 读s: ceiling, century, celebrate, cinema, city, incident1.center A. ocean B. decide C. cause D. socialist 2.success A. official B. excuse C. correct D. exciting 3. century A. cycle B. delicious C. incident D. special4. answer A. write B. sweep C. west D. wet1-4BDCA w通常发w :sweep, west 特殊：不发音：answer, sword, two, write n通常发n: nice, not 特殊：(在c, g, k, x前) 发 : uncle ,English, single, thank, anxious , drink等1. uncle A. thank B. nice C. honest D. adventure1. A s通常发s: six, seat, sport在元音字母和元音字母之间读z ：music, season, prison 特殊：s 后面是元音字母u, ia : sugar ,sure, Russian s 后面是元音字母u, ion measure ,pleasure, treasure, usual, conclusion1.rise A. purse B. else C. praise D. mouse2. measure A. usual B. sport C. music D. sure1-2 CAg通常发g特殊：在 字母(e, i(y)前读 ： age ,apologize, apology ,page, gym在字母n前不发音：design, foreign ,sign 1.passenger A. sugar B. organize C. strange D. together 1.C二、考查一些常见字母组合的特殊读音。ea通常发:breathe，tea，read, clean, easy, meat, peace特殊：e dead, pleasure, peasant, head, already, health, thread heaven, sweater ,bread, Breakfast , health, pleasure, deaf等e great, break real, idea, theatre, realize, area不发音：beauty1. area A. theatre B. breathe C. break D. heaven 2. break A. great B. peace C. sweater D. peasant3. breathe A. breath B. health C. pleasure D. easy4. real A. realize B. bread C. already D. beauty1-4 AADAear通常发 : ear, clear, dear, hear 特殊：: earth, year, early, earn, learn, heard, search, earnest bear, pear , tear(v.), wear: heart1. earth A. year B. clear C. wear D. heart2. heard A. earn B. bear C. dear D. pear1-2AAai & ay等中通常发ei:train ,against, contain, raise, remain, always,birthday, everyday , railway特殊： captain, mountain, yesterday, Friday, Sunday, bargain等e said, saysmayor不发音Britain, certain1.Britain A. certain B. train C. against D. contain 2.raise A .remain B. certain C. mountain D. bargain 3. said A. says B. say C. Friday D. birthday4. everyday A. yesterday B. bargain C. always D. mountain1-4AAACal通常发:特殊：:l also, always, almost, salt, although, altogether, falselactual, animal, arrival, general, natural, several等非重读时: half, calm等(在f，m前): all, ball, talk, walk 1. always A. also B. actual C. natural D. walk1. Aoo 在k字母前读u： took, shook, cook, cookie, book, look, hook,在非重读时读u：classroom, bedroom, understood，在重读时读u ：good, stood, wood, wooden, football , foot; :在food, soon, cool, zoo, tool, bamboo, loose, school, wool, pool ,fool, room, noon, cocoon, spoon, loom, roof, root, troop, smooth, shoot, too, balloon, choose, proof , 特殊： blood, flood, warm-blooded1. took A. shook B. loose C. school D. warm-blooded2. blood A. flood B. smooth C. fool, D. noon3. food A. foot B. pool C. cookie D. classroom1-3AABou通常发au : house, about特殊：: group, wound, you, youth anxious, dangerous, curious, famous, moustache, nervous, obvious, serious, mysteriouscountry, couple, courage, cousin，courage, touch, trouble, young :cough1.ground A. houseB. countryC. groupD. cough 1. courage A. young B. about C. anxious D. famous1-2AAour通常 在重读音节中发au； hour, flour在非重读音节中发: neighbour, labour特殊： :course, court, four, fourth, mourn（悼念）, pour, resource, your, yourself u tour1. course A. journey B. four C. labour D. hour 2. four A. flour B. yourself C. tour D. neighbour1-2BBer通常 在重读音节中发:；在非重读音节中发 writer, worker特殊: a: sergeant（警官）, clerkor通常 在重读音节中发:； 在非重读音节中发: visitor 特殊：: word, work, world, worm, worse, worship, worst, worth等(在w后)worry1. sergeant A. clerk B. worker C. word D. work2. young A. worst B. worry C. fourth D. worse1-2ABure通常 在重读时发j cure, pure； 在非重读时发: injure, figure,特殊：jfailure1. cure A. pure B. injure C. figure D. failure1.Ach & tch通常读:child, teach, chapter, catch, fetch, watch特殊：kheadache, Christmas, chemical, school, stomach, chemistry, architecture machine1. chemistryA. stomach B. achieve C. check D. machine 2. school A. Christmas B. chapter C. fetch D. watch1-2AAth 在介词,冠词,代词,连词中读 : there, their, this, that ,these, those, with, though,以及,er前读 : father, gather, rather在词首和词尾多读: month, path, three, bath , breath特殊： mathematics , maths, months读; smooth, worthy, clothing, bathe, breathe读;以th结尾的复数读baths ,mouths ,clothes,例外:maths, months1.bathe A. faith B. cloth C. maths D. smooth 2. breathe A. thick B. southern C. mathematics D. method 3. theirs A. thread B. smooth C. thirsty D. health 4. though A. bath B. bathe C. month D. maths 5. northern A. north B. months C. mouths D. path6. breath A. clothes B. clothing C. three, D. breathe1-6 DBBBCC gh通常在igh,ough中不发音: ai :design, sigh, light, night : bought, fought, thought特殊：fcough, enough, laugh, tough1. cough A. enough B. bought C. fought D. thought1.Aex在本身是重读或次重读时读eks: expert, extra, exercise, excellent,exhibition, explanation特殊：为非重读音节，后面是元音字母读 igz: exact, exam, exist, examine, example为非重读音节，后面是辅音字母读iks : excite, expect, extend, except, excuse , express ,expensive, experience, experiment, explain, extraordinary,1. expert A. exercise B. exact C. example D. excite2. explanation A. experiment B. explain C. extra D. excuse3. exhibition A. extend B. expect C. expensive D. expert1-3ACD ed在清辅音后读t: asked, helped, missed浊辅音后读d，元音后也读d: played, cleaned, carriedt,d之后读id: wanted, started, needed1. helped A. missed B. played C. cleaned D. started2. wanted A. worked B. needed C. destroyed D. suffered1-2 ABs/es的发音规则， 清辅音后读作/s/: maps, cakes, desks, looks, asks浊、元音后读作/z / : bananas, dogs, pigs, boys, sees在/s/、 /z/、 / 、/ / 音之后读/ iz/ :classes bridges washes houses1. bridges A. washes B. cakes C. desks D. boys1.A另外：au,augh,aw读: autumn, cause, daughter, draw, law, saw 但在 aunt, laugh 读 a: :air,are读：chair, hair, repair, stair, care ei, ie 读i: : ceiling, receive, field, pieceey读ei :grey, prey特殊:either, neitherai; foreigni;eigh读ei:eight, weigh特殊:height ai; eer读: deer, cheer, engineer, pioneerere读here, atmosphere或where ,there，特殊: :were; ire读ai:tiredoul读ucould, should, would特殊:ushoulder ,soul;sion读,特殊: decision, conclusion, occasional, television; tion读,特殊: suggestion, question ie通常读 :achieve believe ；特殊ai society science；特殊e friend1.society A. achieve B . friend C. science D. believe 2. autumn A. cause B. aunt C. laugh D. out3. field A. friend B. neither C. foreign D. piece4. where A. there B. cheer C. engineer D. atmosphere5. shoulder A. soul B. could C. should D. would 6. suggestion A. question B. television C. decision D. occasion1-6 CADAAA三、考查一些不发音的字母及字母组合。 b bomb, climb, comb, debt, doubt c muscle, science, scientist d handsome grandpa, grandma, grandchild, Sandwich ,Wednesday k knee, knife, knock, know, knowledge, kneel h hour, honest, exhibition, forehead, whisper, wheelchair, honour l could, would, Lincoln g design, foreign ,sign r iron s island t castle, fasten, often, whistle, Christmas, listen1.honest A. husband B. habit C. hour D. host 1.C五、不符合读音规则的常用词的读音。1.词性变化引起读音变化nation /ei/-national/ / nature /ei/-natural / /south /sau/-/southern / sn/2.词形变化引起读音变化（1） 可数名词变复数的读音变化mouth / -mouths /z/ house /s/-houses /ziz/（2） 词过去式中的读音变化will-would /wud/ shall-should /ud/ can-could /kud/ eat-ate /et,eit/mean-meant /ment hear-heard /h:d/（3）词在否定缩写中的读音变化cannot-cant /ka:nt/ shall not-shant /a:nt/ will not-wont /wnt/ do not-dont /dnt/3.复合词的读音变化break/ei/-breakfast/e/ head/e/-forehead/rid/ hand / d /-handsome/()/room /u:/-classroom /u/ news /z/-newspaper /s/4.同源词的读音变化know /-knowledge nature/ei/-natural / / nation /ei/-national / / breath / /-breathe / bath /ba:/-bathe /bei/ cloth /kl/-clothes /klz/ worth /-worthy / / real /rl/-reality /r lti/ political /plitikl/politics /plitiks/say /sei/-said /sed/四、历年部分高考真题回顾1 （99）navy A. neighbor B. nationality C. relative D. valley2（99）uni