否定的翻译ppt课件

否定语句的翻译,1,CertainlyIdontteachbecauseteachingiseasyforme.Youcanneverbetoocareful.Opportunitiescometoall，butallarenotreadyforthemwhentheycomeButyousee，webothcannotgoHewentawaybeforeIhadtimetoreply.HesthelastmanIwouldconsult.,2,英语中表示否定可用两种方法：一是借助词汇；二是借助结构和表达方式。,3,在借助词汇时，除使用not,no,nor,neither,never等副词之外，还借助其它词类，例如：1、含有否定意义的动词或动词短语，如fail,deny,miss,lack,ignore,refuse,neglect,overlook,exclude,withhold(refrain,restrain),refrain(from),prevent(from)等。,4,Examples:,(1)Heswithholdinghisapproval.他不肯同意。(2)Thedamistooweaktowithholdthepressureoftherisingwater.水坝不够牢固，抵挡不住水上涨的压力。(3)Hedeniedhavingseenthesewatchesbefore.他不承认见过这些手表。,5,2、含有否定意义的名词，如：absence,omission,failure,refusal,lack,ignorance,neglect,exclusion,denial,scarcity等。（1）Thesechildrenwereinastateofvirtualneglect.这些孩子实际上处于无人照管的状态。,6,(2)Sheneverspeaksillofanyoneinhisorherabsence.她从不乘人不在时说别人的坏话。(她从不背地里说人坏话。)(3)Theabsenceofcolorinthatdrawingmakesitdull.那幅画没有着色，很是晦暗。,7,3、含有否定意义的形容词或形容词短语，如：missing,ignorant,freefrom,safefrom,shortof,blindto,deafto,deadto,last等。,8,Examples:（1）Theyweresafefromattack.他们没受到攻击。（2）Sheisdeadtoallfeelingsofshame.她恬不知耻。（3）Heiscompletelyblindtoherfaults.他一点儿也觉察不到她的错误.,9,4、含有否定意义的副词或副词短语，如：otherwise,nolonger,nomore等。5、含有否定意义的连词，如：unless,before,until,ratherthan,or等。6、含有否定意义的介词或介词短语，如：but,without,above,except,beyond,insteadof,inplaceof,outof,anythingbut(根本不),nothingbut(只不过,只有)等。,10,Thesearepoliticalratherthansocialmatters.这是政治问题而不是社会问题。Mostofthetimehestatesratherthanconveys,andgossipsratherthanwrites.大部分时间中,他只是述事不立言,谈论而不写作。,11,Iwilldoanythingbutgothere.我决不到那里去。Thatlittleboatisanythingbutsafe.那只小船一点也不安全。,12,7、借助带有否定意义的前缀或者后缀的词语。在部分否定时往往借助few,little,seldom,hardly,barely,scarcely,rarely,almostno/not等词语或短语。在表示双重否定时往往借助nodoubt,nowonder,nothingbut,nothingmorethan,no/notwithout,notbeyond等搭配。,13,Examples:(1)Iwantnothingmorethanawarmplacetosleep.我只是想要有个温暖的地方睡一觉。(2)Hisnegligencewasnothinglessthancriminal.他的粗心大意无异于犯罪,14,1、否定-否定1）现在装一台电视机并不难。NowadaysitisnotdifficulttoassembleaTVset.,15,2）她一辈子没有迈出过家门一步。Shehasnevertraveledoutofherhometowninherlife.,16,3）他不想让别人知道他的大女儿是自杀的。Hedoesntwantothersknowthathiseldestdaughterdiedfromsuicide.,17,4）Ifthissubstancecannotconductelectricity,neitherwillitconductheat.如果这种物质不传电，它也就不会传热。,18,5)没有哪个国家不进行贸易就能够生产所有的必需品。Nocountrycanproduceallitsnecessitieswithouttrading.,19,2、将汉语的否定形式译成英语的肯定形式。（英语的肯定译成汉语的否定）1）她抱怨名单上没有她的名字。Shecomplainedabouttheomissionofhernamefromthelist.再如：Heomittedtostatehisreason.他未讲理由。,20,2）他尽力克服技术资料的不足。Hetrieshisbesttoovercomethelackoftechnicaldata.再如：Thisyoungmandisplayedacompletelackofcourtesy.这个青年表现得极端无礼。,21,3）他没弄懂我的意思。Hefailedtounderstandme.再如：Mymemoryfailsmeatthismoment.我这会儿想不起来了。,22,Hisfailingisduetoincompetence.他的失败是无能造成的。Failingspecificinstruction,useyourownjudgment.若无具体指示，请自行酌办。,23,4）TheteacherhasassignedmorehomeworkthanIcanmanage.老师留的作业太多，我做不过来。,24,5）a.战士们宁可战斗到死，也决不投降。Thesoldierswouldfighttodeathbeforetheysurrender.,25,b.趁还没忘，我现在就把事给办了。IwilldoitbeforeIforget.c.我宁可死也不会背叛我的国家IwilldiebeforeIwillbetraymycountry.,26,d.ShewentoutbeforeIrealizedwhathadhappened.我还没弄清楚发生了什么事，她就出去了。,27,e.Hermotherforbadethelittlegirltoleavethehousebeforeshefinishedherhomework.小姑娘不把功课做完,她妈妈就不让她出去。,28,6）干这种事情我力不胜任。Itisbeyondmyabilitytodoso.,29,再如:a.局面已非他所能控制。Thesituationhasgotbeyondhim,30,b.他无权这样做。Itwasbeyondhispowertodoso.c.你的话我不懂。Whatyouvesaidisaboveme.,31,d.这一解释远远不能令人满意。Thisexplanationisfarfromsatisfactory.,32,e.Youarefreefromblame.你没过错。f.Heisfreefromanybias.他毫无偏见。,33,g.Youmusttakethemostscrupulouscaretokeepthewoundfreefromthedirt.你必须非常小心地护理，以免伤口沾上污物。,34,h.Hisheartiswhollydeadtotrifles.他完全不把琐事放在心上。,35,9）她最不愿意做的就是演员Anactressisthelastthingshewilleverbe.a.他决不会说出这样的话。Hesthelastmantosaysuchthings.,36,b.IhopeIveseenthelastofher.c.他绝不会和别人吵架Heisthelastmantoexchangewordswithothers.,37,3、将汉语的肯定形式译成英语的否定形式。（英语的否定译成汉语的肯定）1）这些细菌要在温度达到一百摄氏度时才会死亡。Thesebacteriawillnotdieuntilthetemperaturereaches100centigrade.,38,2）只有她一个人知道这个秘密。Noonebutsheknowsthesecret.,39,3）他们总是一见面就吵架。Theynevermeetwithoutquarrelling.,40,a.他每次出门总要丢伞。Henevergoesoutwithoutlosinghisumbrella.,41,b.YoucouldntturnonTVwithoutseeingawomandemonstratinglipsticks.你一开电视，总是看到一个女人在表演涂唇膏。,42,4、将汉语中的部分否定译成英语的部分否定1）不是所有的金属都具有同样好的导电性能。Notallmetalsconductelectricityequallywell.Allthatglittersisnotgold.,43,2）这两台仪器并不都是精密的。Boththeinstrumentsarenotprecisionones.,44,3）他太自私，几乎没有人喜欢他。Heissoselfishthathardlyanybodylikeshim.,45,a.我不同意所有这些方案。Iagreewithnoneoftheseplans.,46,b.这两本书都不是英国出版的。NeitherofthesetwobooksarepublishedinBritain.,47,c.这两本书不都是英国出版的。BothofthesetwobooksarenotpublishedinBritain.,48,d.听到这个消息后，没有一个人不感到兴奋。Everyonewasexcitedatthisnews.,49,e.你不必为你的职位和薪水担心。Thereisnoneedtoworryaboutyourpositionorsalary.,50,f.Allisnotgoldthatglitters.发光的不一定都是金子。,51,5、将汉语的双重否定译成英语的双重否定1）没有科学技术知识要建设社会主义是不可能的。Withoutknowledgeofscienceandtechnologyitisimpossibletobuildsocialism.,52,2）没有足够的加速度，地球卫星是不能进入太空的。Satelliteswouldnotgetintothespacewithoutenoughacceleration.,53,3）凡是从前线回来的人，提起白求恩的名字，没有一个不佩服，没有一个不为他的精神所感动的。NoonewhoreturnedfromthefrontfailedtoexpressadmirationforDoctorBethunewheneverhisnamewasmentionedandnooneremainedunmovedbyhisspirit.,54,6、将汉语的否定部分进行否定成分的转移。A汉语否定谓语，英语否定主语。1）如果没有太阳，什么也不能生存。Withoutthesun,nothingcouldlive.,55,2）在这些电路中，没有发现任何缺陷。Nodefectshavebeenfoundinthesecircuits.,56,3）这里周围无论是苍蝇还是蚊子，一只也找不到。Neitheraflynoramosquitowasfoundaroundhere.,57,B汉语否定谓语，英语否定宾语。1）两个月过去了，但是她烧伤的手臂仍不见好转的迹象。Twomonthshadpassed,butherburntarmshowednosignofhealing.,58,2）我们全然不了解这件事。Weknownothingaboutthematter.,59,3）在任何情况下，中国都不会第一个使用核武器。UndernocircumstancesshouldChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons.,60,4)Theplanetsdonotgoaroundthesunatauniformspeed.5)Sofarweknowofnoeffectivewaytostoresolarenergy.,61,C汉语否定分句中的谓语或者兼语式的第二谓语，英语否定主句谓语而不否定从句谓语。常见动词有think,believe,reckon,anticipate,calculate,besupposedto,imagine,appear,seem,feelasif,lookasif,soundasit,etc.,62,1）我相信他们是不会反对你的建议的。Idontbelievetheywillopposeyourproposal.,63,2）我们认为她不可能按时到达。Wedontthinkthatshecanarriveontime.,64,3)我认为这不值得一试。Idontthinkitisworthtrying.,65,4)她觉得再也不能忍受丈夫的侮辱了。Shedoesntfeelthatshecanstandherhusbandsinsultanylonger.,66,5)IdontreckonIcancatchthelastbus.我看我赶不上末班车了。,67,D否定状语时，英语中的否定词放在谓语动词前，只有当两个部分加以对比时，即“不是而是”时，否定词才可以直接置于状语前。如：,68,1)Theseringsarenotvaluedbecausetheyaresetwithpreciousstones.这些指环的价值并不在于它们镶有宝石。,69,2)Themotordidnotstoprunningbecausethefuelwasfinished.摩托车停止转动，不是因为燃料用完。,70,他来这儿不是为了求得我们的帮助，而是来给我们提供一些信息。Hecameherenottoaskusforhelp,buttogiveussomeinformation.比较：他来这里不是为了求得我们的帮助。Hedidntcomeheretoaskusforhelp.,71,but:Thefoodwaspoor,buthehadlittleappetiteanyway.食物很糟糕，不过他本来就没什么胃口。,72,but:而不每次经过那家剧院，我都会想起他的最后一次演出。IneverpassedthetheatrebutIthoughtofhislastperformance.,73,Nomanissooldbutthathemaylearn.活到老学到老。Heisnotsuchafoolbuthecanseethereason.他没有蠢到不明事理的地步。,74,Itsapitybutweknowmoreabouthim.可惜当时我们对他不够了解。,75,Ifnot:ButthatIsawit,Iwouldnthavebelievedit.要不是亲眼目睹，我还不信呢。Theyshouldhaveresistedbutthattheylackedcourage.他们要是有勇气，原本应该抵抗。,76,no与not的区别：1）Heisnotafool.Heisnofool.2）Itisnotaneasytask.Itisnoeasytask.,77,3）Itisnotajoke.Itisnojoke.4)Thisisnonewpolicy.Thisisnotanewpolicy.,78,5)Shewasno(sortof)mathematician.Shewasnotamathematician.,79,Exercises:1.Thatlazyboywenttoclassbeforehehadpreparedhislesson.那个懒惰的小孩不预习就去上课。,80,2.Mr.Smithisabovereproach.史密斯先生无可指责的。3.她的美貌是无与伦比的。Herbeautyisbeyondcompare.,81,4.InsteadofMr.Black,Mr.Whitedeliveredaspeechatthemeeting.不是而是,82,5.Appearancesaresometimesdeceptive.外表有时是靠不住的。,83,6.ShenevercamewithoutreportingsomefreshinstancesofWickhamsextravagance.她每一次来的时候，都会讲些有关威克瀚姆豪华奢侈生活的新鲜事。,84,7.Youcannotmakeeggrollswithoutbreakingeggs.不打破鸡蛋，就无法做出蛋卷来。,85,8.不出示学生证，就进入不了图书馆。Notastudenthasaccesstothelibrarywithoutshowinghisstudentcard.,86,9.Thereisnosuccesswithouthardships.没有磨难，就没有胜利。,87,10.Noneofuswillleaveschoolwithoutlearninganything.我们毕业时定会学有所成。,88,11.这种材料和那种一样没有弹性。Thismaterialisnomoreelasticthanthatone.,89,12.这种材料的弹性并不比那种的好。Thismaterialisnotmoreelasticthanthatone.,90,13.我们认为他不会向困难屈服。Wedontbelievehewillbowtodifficulties.,91,14.物质既不能被创造，也不能被毁灭。Mattercanneitherbecreatednorbedestroyed.,92,15.这个方程式一点都不复杂。Thisequationisfarfromcomplicated.,93,16.Thislakeisfreeoficeinwinter.17.Iamquiteinthedarkaboutthematter.,94,19.Wegavehimsomegoodadvice,buthemadelightofit.20.Hemadelittleofhisillness.,95,21.Hisproposalisoutofthequestion.Itisoutofthequestionforhimtogetintothebus.他不可能赶上公交车。,96,ItisoutofquestionthatIwillwritetoyou.我一定会给你写信的。Hishonestyisoutofquestion.他的诚实是毫无疑问的。,97,Wecantgooutinthisweather;itsoutofthequestion.这种天气我们不能出去。那是不可能的。,98,22.Shewouldratherhavethesmallonethanthelargeone.23.Wetriedinvaintomeasurethevoltage.,99,24.Hehasnoaspirationforfameorgain.他淡泊名利。25.Moneyholdsnosignificanceforhim.金钱对他不重要。,100,26.Novicegoesalone.27.Nostatecanacquiescetosuchbreachesoforder.任何国家都不会默许这种破坏秩序的行为。,101,28.heislittlemorethanachild.他不过是个孩子。29.Stirandyouaredead.,102,30.Hiswordsandactionsillconsorttogether.他言行不一。,103,31.Hethoughthedgotamortalillness.他以为自己得了不治之症。,104,32.Theteacherreallyhasanopenmind.这位老师真的没有任何成见。,105,33.Butforthesethicktrees,thebitterwindwouldhaveblownthehouseintopieces.要不是这些粗壮的大树挡着，寒风早就把这房子吹散了。,106,34.Mostcometsareextremelyfaintobjects,farbelowthelimitoftheunaidedeyes.大部分彗星都是十分暗淡的物体，远非肉眼可见。,107,35.Thethoughtofreturningtohisnativelandhadneverdesertedhismindamidhistribulation.尽管他饱受磨难，返回故