2018高考专题复习代词

专题模块代词,语法基础,分考点1人称代词,分考点2物主代词,分考点3反身代词,分考点4指示代词,分考点5疑问代词,考点人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词及疑问代词的用法,主格多作句子主语，有时用作表语；宾格用在及物动词或介词后作宾语，也可作表语或同位语。在口语中，常用人称代词的宾格作表语。,Toreallyunderstandamanwemustjudgehiminmisfortune.Napoleon,只有在不幸时才能真正了解一个人。拿破仑,形容词性物主代词置于名词之前，起修饰作用，表示“的”，在句中作定语。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、表语或宾语。,Themaindifferencebetweenourbrainsandthoseofmonkeysisthatoursarebigger.,物主代词的形式和用法,“of名词性物主代词”构成“双重所有格”。Somefriendsofminewillattendmybirthdayparty.Thatcarofhersisalwaysbreakingdown.,oneself也是反身代词。反身代词多在句中作宾语、表语或同位语。,反身代词的形式和用法,Self-imageisyourownmindspictureofyourself.自我形象是你内心对自己的印象。,Sheisnotquiteherselftoday.她今天身体不太舒服。,Sheherselfheardhimsaysoyesterday.她昨天亲耳听他这么说的。,byoneselfforoneselfofoneselfinoneself,独自地亲自自动地本质上；本身,含有反身代词的习惯用语（1）与介词连用,（2）与动词连用,cometooneselfdressoneselfdevoteoneselftobehaveyourselfapplyoneselftohelponeselftoenjoyoneself,苏醒；恢复知觉打扮；自己穿衣致力于；献身于举止规矩有礼；检点专心致志于随便吃/用玩得开心,seatoneselfmakeyourselfathomeadapt/adjustoneselftoteachoneselfspeaktooneselfthinkforoneself,就座，入席别客气适应于自学自言自语独立思考,常用的指示代词有this,that,these,those。为方便学习so,such也可归到这一类。,指示代词this,that,these,those的用法,（1）this意为“这；这个”，复数为these，指刚提到的人、事物、想法或刚发生的事情。that意为“那；那个”，复数为those，指已经提到或已经知道的人、事物、想法等。,Theboywasafraidandthedoghadsensedthis.,“Wevebeencheated,”shesaid.Thosewereherexactwords.,(2)this/these一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物；that/those常指时间或空间上较远的人或物。,Ithinkyoullfindthesemorecomfortablethanthose.(these近指，those远指),【特别注意】,1）this可用于指将要说的或将要发生的事情，起启下的作用；that则指前面说过或发生的事情，起承上的作用。,Iwanttotellyouthis:theEnglishpartywillbeheldonSaturdayafternoon.,Hehurthislegyesterday.Thatswhyhedidntcome.,That上指、远指；this近指，下指,【特别注意】,（2）that,those可以作替代词，代替前面提到过的名词，以避免重复。that或those指代前面的名词时，后面总是跟限定性定语。,Asaretiredeardoctor,IheartilyrecommendTVEarstopeoplewithnormalhearingaswellasthosewithhearingloss.,作为一名退休的耳科医生，我大力推荐人们使用TVEars，不论是听力正常的还是有听觉损耗的。,Such与so的用法,such意为“上述一类；诸如此类；这种；这类”，指代前面所叙述的人或事物，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。such作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于其后面的名词或代词的数。,Wemayhavevariouswaystodealwithsuchasituation.,Sucharemyfriendswhowillneverfailtohelpmewhenneeded.,so意为“如此，这样”，代替一个句子或短语所表达的内容，用于避免重复。,Haveyouhandedinyourhomework?Ididsoyesterday.,在believe,think,expect,suppose,imagine,guess等词后用so代替前文提出的观点，既可用于肯定句中，也可用于否定句中。,IsJamescomingtonight?,Idontthinkso.,1.what与who询问职业与身份用what；询问姓名与关系用who，Whatishe？Heisalawyer/teacher.Whoistheman?Hesmyelderbrother./HesJack,【注意】What/who作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于说话人的视点，可单数也可复数。Whatis/areonthetable?Whois/areinthelibrary?,2.which与who对特定范围内的人提问用which,常带有of短语或范围；对不定范围内的人提问用who.Whichofyouwillattendtheconferencetomorrow?Whowentthereyesterday?3.what与which对特定范围内的事物提问用which,常带有of短语或范围；对不定范围内的事物提问用what.Whatareyoulookingfor?Whichdoyoulikebetter,orangesorapples?,4.whatever,whichever;whoever分别为what;which;who的强调形式。Whateverdoyouwant?你到底想要什么？Whoevergaveyouthebook?究竟谁给了你这本书？也可以用what/how/why/whereetcthehell/onearth/intheworld进行替换。如：Whatonearthareyoudoinghere?Whatintheworldareyoudoinghereatseveninthemorning?Howthehellarewegoingtodothat?,高考热点疑问词what用法归纳,Whatifastudentisfoundtohavetoldhiscombinationtoothers?,代词it的用法,1.指代提到过的或正在谈论的动物或事物，及已知或正在发生的事实或情况等。,Theemploymentratehascontinuedtoriseinbigcitiesthankstotheeffortsofthelocalgovernmentstoincreaseit.,It固定句子归纳,(2)常用it作形式主语的句式,Itiscertainthateveryeffectmusthaveacause.,Ittookyearsofworktoreducetheindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.,6.用于强调句型：Itis/was+被强调部分+that。被强调部分指人时，也可以用who代替that。,Itisonlybyrepeatedlyrewritingthatweproducenewthreadsandconnectthemtogetclosertotheideasformedinourminds.,1.takeitforgrantedthat认为是理所当然的；想当然地认为HetookitforgrantedthatIwillhelphimallthetime.Itookitforgrantedthattheywerenotcoming.2.seetoitthat确保；保证Illseetoitthateverythingisreadyintime.3.rely/depend/countonitthat放心；相信YoucandependonitthatIwillalwaysbehereforyou.4.makeitaruletodosth.使成为一种习惯Makeitaruletotellyourself:Icandoit.5.makeitclearthat表明；把说清楚Hemadeitclearthathedidntlikethisjob.6.takeitthat认为Itakeitthattheywillsucceedsoonerorlater.7.oweittosb.that把归功于IoweittoyouthatIfinishedmyworkintime.8.Rumorhasitthat有传言说;据说RumorhasitthatMaryisgettingmarried.,9.bringittoonesattentionthat让某人注意到Whydontyoubringittohisattentionthatyouaretooilltoworkon?10.appreciate/enjoy/like/dislike/love/hateitwhen/ifWewouldmuchappreciateitifyoucoulddousthatfavour.Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthfull.11.helpit有办法；能避免Icanthelpit；IfIcanhelpit.Theynevergothereiftheycanhelpit.如果能不去那儿的话，他们是绝对不去的。12.assb.putsit正如某人所说toputitanotherway换句话说toputitsimply简而言之makeit成功；做得到getit理解；明白13.Howdiditcomeaboutthat怎么回事?HowdiditcomeaboutthatAmyknewTomwaslying？14.Whenitcomesto.当谈到Itsnouse/gooddoing做某事没有用处/好处Itsnowonderthat.难怪Itturnedoutthat结果；结果证明Itseemsthat似乎；好像Ithappenedthat.碰巧15.Its(high)timethatsb.shoulddo/didsth.是某人该做某事的时候了。16.Itsthefirst/second/timethatsb.have/hasdonesth.Itis/hasbeensinceItwillbe/wasbefore,难点辨析,1.both,all,either,neither与none的区别,Itsaneither-orsituationwecanbuyanewcarthisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwecantdoboth.,Eitherofthemisntsatisfactory.两个中任何一个都不令人满意。,LarryasksBillandPetertogoonapicnicwithhim,butneitherofthemwantsto,becausetheyhaveworktodo.,Oftheforcesshapinghighereducationnoneismoresweepingthanthemovementacrossborders.,Whenhetookhisglovesoff,Inoticedthateachonehadhisnamewritteninside.,Everyboyintheclasshasreadthebook.,Igotthisbicyclefornothing;myfriendgaveittomewhensheboughtanewone.,Eveniftheanswerseemedalittlestrange,nobodybutIdoubtedit.,Thereissomethinginhiswords.Weshouldhaveatry.,【知识拓展】不定代词构成的习惯搭配：nothingbut仅仅；只是anythingbut绝不somethingof有几分；略微somethingelse别的东西；另外一件事fornothing免费orsomething诸如此类的人或物,高考链接,its,高考链接,Raiseyourlegandlet_stayintheairforseconds.,易混1it,one,ones,that,those作