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ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION（2）,ElectronicThrottleDrive-By-WireGDIGasolineDirectInjectionDieselCommonRailInjectionSystem,PROFESSONALENGLISH:NEWTECHNOLOGIES,NewWords,octane-rating辛烷值takeadvantageof利用运用anti-knockindex抗爆指数scopeset示波器stipulate约定，规定Coastv.滑行blank空白（的）空地空虚的approachev.接近达到stall熄火,retard延迟，推迟mask掩盖overswing尖峰突增jerk急拉动，撞，跳,振动（冲击）颠簸地行进rich富的浓的丰富多彩的enrichment加浓freedom自由(度）灵活性freedomfrom免除（于）turbochargev.(涡轮)增压turbo涡轮涡轮增压器formv.形成n.形式形态形状式样,ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION,ElectronicThrottleDrive-By-WireSomeofthenewestMotronicsystemshaveanelectronicthrottle(alsoknownasadrive-by-wiresystem).Theelectronicthrottlehasnomechanicallinkbetweentheacceleratorpedalandthethrottlevalve.Instead,asshownintheFigureonnextpage,anacceleratorsensorpicksupyourmovementorpositionoftheacceleratorpedal.Itsignalsthecontrolunitaboutpedalmovement,andthecontrolunitsignalstheservomotoronthethrottleshafttoopen.Theelectronicthrottle(BoschcallsitEGAS)maysoundlikesomethingnoneofusneeds,butithasmanybenefits.,ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION,soundlike听起来好像,Fig.4-29.ElectronicthrottlesendsacceleratorsignaltoMotroniccontrolunit.DCmotormovesthrottlevalve,modifiedbyenginetemperature,idlerpm,andmaximumrpm,ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION,Thethrottleopeningsignalmaybemodifiedaccordingtoenginerpmandenginetemperature.Itcanprovidesimplifiedcruisecontrol.Itcanalsocontrolminimumrpm,replacingtheidle-speedstabilizer,andcontrolmaximumrpm,replacingthealternate-injectorcut-out.Buttheresmore.Fortractioncontrol,theelectronicthrottlelinkswiththeABS(Anti-lockBrakingSystem).Thesamewheel-speedsensorsofABSalsofeedtheASR(Anti-SlipRegulator).Whenanydrivingwheelstartstoslip,aslightbrakeapplicationpreventsthatwheelfromslippingsomuchthatthedifferentialdeliversnopowertotheotherdrivingwheel.Ifbothdrivingwheelsshowsignsofslipping,theelectronicthrottlecutsbackpowerformaximumtraction.Tractioncontrolgivesthecarthemaxaccelerationthetirescandelivertotheroad.Iflayingdowntiresmokeisyourthing,avoidASR.Butformakingthefastesttakeoff,youcannotbeatit.,ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION,layingdown主张，搁下，放弃beat冲击，敲打trust相信，信赖,Canyoutrusttheelectronicthrottle?Willitprovideunintendedacceleration?Thesystemchecksitssafetycircuitsbeforestart-off,andreportsdefectstothedriver.Ifadefectisfound,alimp-homecircuitmaydisablesomeofthefunctions,butitwillallowyoutogettothehouseortheshop.Itmaywellbemorereliablethansomecableactuatedthrottles.,trust相信，信赖defect故障，缺点，毛病limp-home跛行回家,ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION,GasolineDirectInjectionConventionalgasolineenginesaredesignedtouseanelectronicfuelinjectionsystem,replacingthetraditionalmechanicalcarburetionsystem.Multi-pointinjection(MPI),wherethefuelisinjectedthrougheachintakeport,iscurrentlyoneofthemostwidelyusedsystems.AlthoughMPIprovidesadrasticimprovementinresponseandcombustionquality,itisstilllimitedduetofuelandairmixingpriortoenteringthecylinder.Tofurtherincreaseresponsetimeandcombustionefficiency,whileloweringfuelconsumptionandincreasingoutput,systemsmayusedirectinjection.Gasolinedirectinjectionenginesareengineeredtoinjectthegasolinedirectlyintothecylinderinamannersimilartodieseldirectinjectionengines.,ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION,Directinjectionisdesignedtoallowgreatercontrolandprecision,resultinginbetterfueleconomy.Thisisaccomplishedbyenablingcombustionofanultra-leanmixtureundermanyoperatingconditions.Directinjectionisalsodesignedtoallowhighercompressionratios,deliveringhigherperformancewithlowerfuelconsumption.Currently,directinjectiongasolineenginesarebeingdeployedthroughouttheworldinpassengercars.MitsubishiGDIMitsubishiMotorsisaimingtoachievebothlowfuelconsumptionandhighoutput.MMCisaworldforerunnerinthedevelopmentofdirectcylinderinjectiongasolineengines,knownasGDI,whichwerefirstintroducedinthe1996Galant.GDIsuppliesfueldirectlytotheinsideofthecylinder(Figure).Avarietyofair-fuelmixturescanbecreatedaccordingtochangesinthefuelinjectiontiming.,ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION,Fig.4-1Mitsubishidirectcylinderinjectiongasolineengine,ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION,ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION,2.7.4CommonRailInjectionSystem(CRSystem)Allpreviousinjectionsystemshaveonedisadvantageincommon(Fig.2-30):thepressuregenerationandthesupplyoftheinjectionquantityarenotmutuallyindependent.Theresultisthattheinjectionpressureincreaseswiththeenginespeedandalsoincreasesduringinjection(approximatelylinearly).Consequently,smallerinjectionquantitiesareinjectedwithlowpressure.Thepeakpressureisalmosttwiceashighastheaverageinjectionpressure,whichisresponsibleforthequalityofthefuelswirlinthecombustionchamber.,ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION,beresponsiblefor对负责，是的主要原因，决定着,ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION,Aninjectionsystemisdesirableinwhich1)injectionpressureandfuelquantitycanbeadjustedindependently,2)theinjectionpressureisashighandasconstantaspossibleduringtheentireinjectionaftercombustionstart,3)theinjectionquantityorinjectionpressureatthestartofinjection,i.e.Duringtheignitionlagbetweenthestartofinjectionandstartofcombustion(dependingonenginetemperature,severalhundredItsuptoover1ms)isaslowaspossible.,ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION,Targets1and2canbeachievedByacommonrailinjectionsystem(Fig.2-31).Apressureaccumulatorissuppliedwithfuelbyahigh-pressurepump(CommonRail).Thepressureinthecommonrailismeasuredwithapressuresensorandsettledtoaconstantvaluebyapressure-controlvalveinthehigh-pressurepump.Dependingontherequirementsofcombustion,thepressureintherailcanbemaintained,largelyindependentoftheenginespeed,ataconstantvalueintherangebetween15-140MPa.,ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION,settle稳定，决算,ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION,ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION,ELECTRONICFUELINJECTION,Thepressureaccu