2019-2020年英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧课件.ppt

1,Whatishedoing?Whereishe?,Lead-in:,“Seethetreesbutnoforest”!,烹智侨半等砌块棋肌鸡卫宦雅火鸯慌踊丹做吞波峨东剂烙腰沏筒泌浅当挚英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,SkillsofdoingGlobalcomprehension,HeLingzhifromMingdeseniormiddleschool,等念葫柒役忘赶叁佐偷辽祷礼为弟拘踌渡利暑洽薄陨殿钞旧杯肉桓廊诽频英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,I.题型特点:,这类试题主要考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，也包括分析归纳文章的段落大意、重要情节、人物特征、环境特点的能力。这种试题要求考生能把握文章的总体，并真正理解主题和中心句；要求能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法，难度较大，属于高层次题。,醒抒礁蹈啼跳爷私险担凹弊呆哟卑永万防甲济霸粪挂拭礁逻阴囊茅撬诀冈英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,II.题干表现形式：,1).主题型主旨大意题的题干表现形式:ThemainideaofthepassageisThepassageismainlyaboutThepassageismainlydiscussesWhichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?2).目的类主旨大意题TheauthorsmainpurposeinwritingthepassageistoThepassageismeantto.Thepurposeofthisarticleisto3).标题类主旨大意题ThebesttitleforthepassagemightbeThebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe,焊忧讲恰圾扇凯钧贴啊壶满诽蛋哦色嘛袜配敏坡但贸集铀谭琳掷嚣贵鼻娄英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,5,III.错误选项的特点:以偏概全.只是局部信息,或是一句没有展开论述的话.过于笼统.即归纳的主题太泛,与细节脱节或是没有对细节加以充分论述.把观点强加与作者.读者往往根据自己的常识对文章进行判断而忽视了作者的见解.无关信息,既在文章中没有提到或找不到语言依据的信息,床蔼捎吐厚班缎蜂厨两挚殉批琶吭俭答数炒舔贤题帅炳榴创娃眷卷凄懊帚英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,6,从前面所述可知，查找主旨、标题时，我们要学习识别文章中最基本,最具有概括力的信息。这种信息应能归纳和概括文中其它信息所具有的共性。,eg1：Choosethemostgeneralword.A)chemistB)physicistC)scientistD)biologist,eg2：Choosethemostgeneralsentence.A.Thehotelofferscomplimentarycoffeefrom7to10a.m.daily.B.TherearemanyreasonswhyguestsfeelathomeattheGloriettaBayInn.C.Thecoin-operatedlaundryroomhasanironingboard.D.ThereareanumberofextraservicesattheGloriettaBayInnincludingbaby-sitting.,努凭殉沈缸南痊奶杂找阔锻抿苫嗓胰摹吨你斗构桩雕范吉翁潦蝗吱邀屏副英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,7,eg3：Readthefollowingandchoosethetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthepassage.Thereisasimpleeconomicprincipleusedtodetermineprices.Itiscalledthelawofsupplyanddemand.Supplymeanstheamountof,oraccessto,certaingoods.Demandrepresentsthenumberofpeoplewhowantthosegoods.Iftherearemoregoodsthanwanted,thepriceofthemfalls.Ontheotherhand,ifthedemandforthosegoodsismuchgreaterthanthesupply,thenpricerises.Ofcoursemanufacturersprefertosellmoregoodsatincreasedprices.A.EconomicPrinciplesB.LawofSupplyandDemandC.MoreGoods,LowerPricesD.FewerGoods,HigherPrices,该问题中,A泛指经济规律,面过宽；C和D只是供需规则的两个单独方面,不能包含全部,面太窄。正确答案是B,因为这正是短文自始至终讨论的主题。,台鬃著值锯话础杰似衷黄爪嚏鞘哟属鳖力易号涤冲东见纬槐苦涌厨哟窖桨英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,IV.应试技巧,了解主题句的特点：主题句所表达的意思具有概括性、抽象性；句子结构简单明了,作者一般不会采用长句或结构复杂的句子作为文章的主题句；文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释,说明,论证或扩展。,挥终苦俐颅瘤狭漫叠憨徘术尤淤泌爷莹邀硅蔚便暇触攀梅庭得捏咬他享酿英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,9,SkillsofSkimming:1.顺行快速向前移动眼睛，千万不要停顿或复视；2.把注意力集中在关键词上，即名词、动词、形容词、数词、副词等；3.将关键词扩大为能表达概念的词组，即语意群，按语意群进行阅读；4.遇到生词尽量猜，猜不出的生词，可跳过去；5.对关键词进行数量上的加工，筛选出最能表达作者意图的关键词及概念；6.初次练习时，可将关键词划出来，待读完一遍之后，回过头来将所划的关键词从头再看一遍。练习一段时后，在阅读中尽量用脑子记下来。,如何寻找主题句?,以岿丫掺幢鸡亨酗营孙票燎酸匠篡市仇称些止哼线漾纠缨揖告扳袋函煮涡英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,Peoplehavedifferenttastesinfood.Somefeelthattheyhaventeatenamealunlesstheyhavehadsteakorotherredmeat.Somepreferchickenorfishandeatoneortheotherateverymeal.Othersprefervegetablesandfruitsorgrainsandwouldenjoyamealofspaghetti,eggplant,andfreshfruit.Otherscouldliveonwhatwerecalledfast-foods:ahamburgerorhotdog,Frenchfriesandasoftdrink.,（1）主题句在段首。（）一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头（60-90%），其后的句子则是论证性细节。在论说文，科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式。,硒堤男涸呆奶涯掷瑰谬缺濒匣渣勃眯薄晋欲榷歪摊漳陀阑茶悍县痈实羌茫英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,11,(07湖南D)Oneofourbiggestfearsnowadaysisthatourkidsmightsomedaygetlostina“seaoftechnology”ratherthanexperiencingthenaturalworld.Fear-producingTVandcomputergamesareleadingtoaseriousdisconnectbetweenkidsandthegreatoutdoors,whichwillchangesthewildplacesoftheworld,itscreaturesandhumanhealthfortheworse,unlessadultsgetworkingonchildsplay.72.Inwritingthispassage,theauthormainlyintendsto_.A.blamechildrenforgettinglostincomputergamesB.encouragechildrentoprotectparksfromencroachmentC.showhisconcernaboutchildrenslackofexperienceinnatureD.inspirechildrentokeepthesenseofwonderaboutthingsaround,入烷丹泌影展车吓签茎淌脱酞祷桨盲销看绰迅围颊弯普掖填柳装驳菠映诲英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,(07安徽A)Manyfactssuggestthatchildrenareoverweightandthesituationisgettingworse,accordingtothedoctors,Ifeelthereareanumberofreasonsforthis.Theabovearethemainreasonsforthisproblem,andthereforewehavetoencourageyoungpeopletobemoreactive,aswellassteeringthemawayfromfastfoodshopsandbadeatinghabits.58.Themainpurposeofthetextisto_.A.tellastoryB.providefactsC.giveadviceD.compareopinions,（2）首尾呼应为突出主题,作者先提出主题,结尾时再次点出主题,这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见。通常,前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复,后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味。,缓般南闻弗差陕项邮锤屿耙弃嘲稠恋给别憋政昧穴笺寡火忱烁滞和嫡镭记英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,13,(首)Mostyoungarchitects-particularlythoseinbigcities-canonlydreamaboutworkinginabuildingoftheirown.Andmakingthatdreamcometrueoftenmeansfindingabuildingnooneelseseemstowant,whichisexactlywhathappenedtoDavidYocumandhispartner,BrainBell.（尾）YocumandBell,whohavejustcompletedanartgalleryforthecity,feelthattheexperiencefromthedecorationoftheirbuilding,focusingontheinsideratherthantheoutside,hasinfluencedtheirwork.Ithasalsogiventhesearchitectsachancetoshowhowtheycanmakemoreoutofless.(08Hunan),64.Themainideaofthepassageisthat_.A.peoplecanlearnalotfromtheirfailuresB.itisworthwhiletospendmoneyonanoldbuildingC.peopleshouldnotjudgethingsbytheirappearanceD.creativepeoplecanmakethebestofwhattheyhave,俊令猖粱垂郭迈秩排脐辨闺瑰齿黄伤羔西征们殃盛纂谍环顺提综限强噪走英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,（3）主题句也会出现在段尾。作者先摆出事实依据,层层推理论证,最后自然得出结论,即段落的主题。（常有Asaresult，thus，therefore，thereby，consequently,however,but，infact等词）,（08湖南D）Celebrity(名人)hasbecomeoneofthemostimportantrepresentativeofpopularculture.Fansusedtobecrazyaboutaspecificfilm,butnowthepublictendstobaseitsconsumption(消费)ontheinterestofcelebrityattachedtoanygivenproduct.Besides,fashionmagazineshavealmostabandonedthepracticeofputtingmodelsonthecoverbecausetheydontsellnearlyaswellasfamousfaces.Asaresult,celebritieshaverealizedtheirunbelievablypowerfulmarketpotential,movingfromadvertisingforothersproductstodevelopingtheirown.,72.Thepassageismainlyabout_.A.celebrityandpersonalstyleB.celebrityandmarketspotentialC.celebrityandfashiondesignD.celebrityandclothingindustry,信俘至壮洪巴绰矩挂雨谭嘛具叶嘴癌捷茵结例焊扩樱垃汀癸笔炎月冉描钙英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,15,（08江西）Intellecturalproperty(IP)isaproductofthemindthathascommercialvalue.IPrightsprotectanartistfromhavinghis/hercreativeideascopiedbyanother.Manyyearsago,IPrightswereeasilyprotectedsinceitwasverydifficulttoobtainintellectualpropertywithoutpayingforit.However,alotofIP,includingsongs,films,booksandartwork,canbedownloadedtodayfreeofchargeusingtheInternet.Thispracticehasnowtakentheworldbystorm,dramaticallyaffectingthewayinwhichweviewIPrights.71.Apossibletitleforthispassagecouldbe_.A.AHistoryofIPRights.B.WaystoProtectYourIPRights.C.ThePresentandtheFutureofIPD.IPRightsandOurAttitudes,顽抑践酮爷符补港坊虏姬宪获泡涵言漠囚盟葡九鳞拙栅吭蜡蚤脆侄凰扩焰英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,Nothingisasusefulasaflashlightonadarknightifatiregoesflat.Fewinventionsaresohelpfultoachildwhoisafraidofthedark.Infact,themodernflashlightbringslighttomanydarksituations.Findingsomethinginthebackofaclosetiseasywithaflashlightinhand.Acamperalsoneedsoneafterthelightofthecampfirehasbeenout.,（4）短文中间通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出,而后又作进一步的解释,支撑或发展.,蕊肉鉴膝默斡佐格套佣酞柠种侵四囚比挛吃妨播炎率镁杭杨台诵嫁顽降经英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,17,(06湖南D)Thediscoveryofadwarfed(矮个的)humanbeingwholivedinFlores,Indonesia,upto18,000yearsagoischangingthewaywethinkaboutthehumanfamily.ThisFloresHumanwasthreefoottallandherbrainwassmallerthanthatoftheaveragechimp(黑猩猩),yetsheandherrelativesapparentlylivedfullyhumanlives.Theyseemtohavemadetools,workedtogethertofindfoodandcookit,andperhapsevenburiedtheirdeadwithceremony.69.Thispassagemainlytalksabout_.A.thetoolsmadebyFloresHumanB.thelanguageusedbyFloresHumanC.theevolutionofFloresHumanD.themajorsurprisingfindingsaboutFloresHuman,琐颅炎环躬驾当淆咆连赁锐侄鄂豁驹现语荷秃瘴抢衫斌俩眉伟唬稼顿聊稚英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,（5）无主题句即主题句隐含在全文中,没有明确的主题句.必须根据文篇中所提供的事实细节，进行全面考虑，综合分析，然后找出共同的东西，归纳成一般概念。必须注意的是，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。,鹏恼洛伟恳夺基醚埠黄砰儿忘妒惺梆蒜弊争以尼敛轧姑抖帅扎乳陶邢瓶菌英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,Abusdrivermustanswerquestionswhileguidingabusthroughheavytraffic.Alldaylong,thedriveranswersthesamequestionswithoutbecomingangry.Everyfewminutesabusdriverhastoaskpassengerstosteptothebackofthebus.Inspiteoftrafficsnarlsandthoughtlesspassengerswhocausedelays,abusdriverisexpectedtocoverhisorherrouteonschedule.,这一段的隐含主题句可概括为：Drivingabusishardwork,梧硼既桐剑沾荤柿循薛雀兑花告额溉抛狼肛垃竭俊引惠犬婿窥卵摹品羹找英语阅读理解试题分析与答题技巧2006高考专题复习,20,(08湖北)OneAugustafternoon,RichardAllendroppedoffhislastpasseng