高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法PPT课件

.,1,高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法,.,2,命题揭密,.,3,根据此表，我们知道，语法填空的考点或考查内容是：(1)纯空格题：通常考等四类词。一个空格只能填个单词,(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考_、_、_等。一个空格可以填个单词,冠词、介词、代词和连词,一,动词,形容词和副词的比较等级,词类转换,一到多,.,4,GroupWork,Discusswithyourgroupmembersaboutthefollowingsentences,andtrytofigureoutsomesimilaritiesofthewordsweshouldfillin.,考点分析,语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以动词(verb)（或其适当形式）、名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词(prep.)、情态动词(modalverbs)、连词(conj)或引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)考查各项语法内容。,.,5,3.theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullittosmalltownsome20kilometersaway(07年广东)4.Istillremembertaking22_visitingfriendfromCanadatoalocalBlackCountrypubforlunch.(11广州一模),考点一：冠词,无提示词名词之前,1.Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey.Sothefarmerkilled40_goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.(07惠州一模)2.WhenIseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewas35_shy,nervousperfectionist.(08深圳二模),the,a,考查语法点:定冠词,不定冠词的用法,考点分析,a,a,.,6,解题技巧下列情况很可能填：(1)_+可数名词(单数)；(2)_+形容词+可数名词(单数)。,下列情况下很可能填：(1)_(+定语)+名词+of等介词短语(表示特指)；(2)_(+定语)+名词+定语从句(表示特指)；(3)_(+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。,考点分析,不定冠词,定冠词,.,7,1Hes_amazingsinger,amusicvideodirector,abusinessownerandhe2OnewaythatAmericansdothisiswith_firmhandshake.3Thisis_lawofAmericanofallsuccessfulpeople.,4hourhonestboy_8-year-oldboyX-rayphoto/umbrella/American,an,a,the,an,.,8,考点二：介词,无提示词：注意搭配问题与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语,1.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis39_greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish(07深二模)2.WhenItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback34_thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.(08深圳一模)3.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes_sale.(09广东)4.Hewasverytired_doingthisforawholeday(08广东),of,at,考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配,考点分析,on,from/after,.,9,考点三：代词,无提示词作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。指示代词（it和this）,不定代词，it用作引导词,反身代词等,考查语法点:代词的基本用法,考点分析,1.Sherememberedhowdifficult_wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.(08广东)2.Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinmyvillage,IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused_.(07广东)3.Ithasbeensaidbefore,butexperiencingitmyselfhasmade_wanttosayitagain:asmile(09江门二模),it,her,me,.,10,考点分析,解题技巧因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词(不能作主语)等。在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词了。,.,11,考点四：连词或从句引导词,无提示词两个主谓结构连接,1.Historically,itwasfamousforindustry,whichexplains16theareaiscalledtheBlackCountry.(11广州一模)2.Itgotitsnameduringtheindustrialrevolution,17factorypollutionturnedthelocalskiesblackandlocaldustfromtheminesmadethesoilthesamecolor.(同上)3.Janepausedinfrontofacounter_someattractivetieswereondisplay.(09广东)4.Oneday,hecameupwithanidea_hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.(08广东),why,when,考查语法点:各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法,考点分析,where,that,.,12,解题技巧(1)连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and,or,but等。(2)若两个句子(有两个主谓结构)之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句(多要求考生填and,but,while,when,or等)还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。,考点分析,.,13,考点五：谓语动词,有提示词与主语构成主谓结构,1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI_(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.(07广州一模)2.Hisfearoffailure_(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.(08深圳二模)3.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften_(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.(08广东),wastold,kept,考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致,考点分析,results,.,14,考点六：非谓语动词,有提示词除谓语动词以外的动词形式,1.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson32_(receive)thegift.(07广州一模)2.IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft_(complete)therest!(07广二模)3.Mypupils,Donnie40_(include),adoredher.(08深圳二模)4.Beforethewaitresscouldevenfinishdescribingthemenu,myfriendlookedatmewithhiseyebrows(眉毛)(raise).(11广州一模),receiving,tocomplete,included,考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用,考点分析,raised,.,15,考点七：词性转换,有提示词介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子,1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid36_(rude).(07深圳一模)2.AsfarasIamconcerned,my37_(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishwithineasyreach.(08惠二模)3.Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir_(nature)course.(08广东)4._(doubt),althoughthereisstillroomforimprovementtothispolicy,Ithinkitisstillagoodonewhichbringsmoregoodthanharmtothestudentsandthenation.(09汕头水平考试),rudely,suggestion,考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化,考点分析,natural,Undoubtedly,.,16,考点八：形容词的级,有提示词通常，有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级,Oneofthe33_(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher(07广州一模)2.Wewerebothlaughingthewholetimeatourcompleteinabilitytocommunicateinwords.Whenitwastimetoleave,Isaid“thankyou”inKorean,usingsomeofthefewwordsIhadlearned.Ifelt_(lonely)thanIhadexpectedthatnight.(2009届江门二模)3.LucilleCliftonisanaward-winningpoetandwriter.Criticscallheroneofthe_(great)writersofourtime.(双语报),worst,考点分析,lesslonely,greatest,.,17,总结提升,.,18,总结提升,二根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形,冠词,定冠词,不定冠词,并列句及复合句,非谓语动词todo,doing,done及变形,谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致,介词的常用用法及词组搭配,词汇,构词法,代词,人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词,.,19,根据语义,确定