电大2017年大学英语B网考材料VIP

12016年9月大学英语B网考材料（网考复习重点内容是07版的“大学英语B”题）第一部分阅读理解及参考答案PASSAGE1NANCYANDPETERMCCALLLIKESPORTSINTHESUMMERTHEYSWIMANDINTHEWINTERTHEYSKITHEYAREPLANNINGASKITRIPFORTHISWEEKEND,BUTTHEYDONTKNOWABOUTTHEWEATHERITS730NOW,ANDTHEYARELISTENINGTOTHEWEATHERREPORTONTHERADIOTHEWEATHERMANISGIVINGTHEWEATHERFORTHEWEEKEND“FRIDAYISGOINGTOBECOLDANDCLOUDY,BUTITSNOTGOINGTORAINTHETEMPERATUREISGOINGTOBEINTHETHIRTIESITSGOINGTOSNOWFRIDAYNIGHTANDMAYBESATURDAYMORNINGSATURDAYAFTERNOONANDSUNDAYAREGOINGTOBECOLDANDSUNNY”NOWNANCYANDPETERAREEXCITEDTHEWEATHERISGOINGTOBEPERFECTFORASKITRIPTHEYAREGOINGTOHAVEAWONDERFULWEEKENDINTHEMOUNTAINS1WHENDIDNANCYANDPETERLISTENTOTHEWEATHERFORECASTATHURSDAYEVENINGBFRIDAYEVENINGCFRIDAYMORNINGDSATURDAYEVENING2WHATARENANCYANDPETERPLANNINGFORTHEWEEKENDAATRIPTOTHEMOUNTAINSBATRIPTOAWINTERRESORTCASKITRIPINTHEMOUNTAINSDATRIPTOASPORTSCENTER3WHENISITGOINGTOSNOWACCORDINGTOTHEWEATHERFORECASTATHURSDAYNIGHTBFRIDAYMORNINGCSATURDAYNIGHTDFRIDAYNIGHT4WHATWILLTHEWEATHERBELIKEONSUNDAYACOLDANDCLOUDYBWARMANDRAINYCCLEAR,COLDANDSUNNYDCLEAR,WARMANDSUNNY5WHATCANYOUINFERFROMTHEPASSAGEANANCYANDPETERMUSTLIVEQUITENEARTHEMOUNTAINSBNANCYANDPETERLIKESKIINGBETTERTHANSWIMMINGCNANCYANDPETERGOSWIMMINGORSKIINGEVERYWEEKENDDNANCYANDPETERLISTENTOWEATHERREPORTSVERYOFTENACDCAPASSAGE2GREATCHANGESHAVEBEENMADEINFAMILYLIFEBECAUSEOFSCIENCEANDINDUSTRYINTHEPAST,WHENMOREAMERICANSLIVEDONFARMS,THETYPICALFAMILYHADMANYCHILDRENINAFARMFAMILY,PARENTSANDTHEIRCHILDRENOFTENLIVEDWITHGRANDPARENTSOFTEN,TOO,UNCLESANDAUNTSLIVEDNEARBYBUTWHENINDUSTRYBECAMEMOREIMPORTANTTHANAGRICULTUREINAMERICANLIFE,FAMILIESBECAMESMALLERBECAUSEINDUSTRYREQUIRESWORKERSWHOAREREADYANDABLETOMOVEOFFTHELANDANDTOMOVEAGAINWHENEVERNECESSARYANDLARGEFAMILIESCANNOTBEMOVEDFROMPLACETOPLACEASSMALLERFAMILIESCANSO,ATPRESENTPEOPLETENTTOHAVESMALLERFAMILIESINTHEFUTURE,BECAUSEOFINDUSTRIALIZATION,ATYPICALFAMILYWILLBEREQUIREDTOMOVEEVENMOREOFTENTHANNOW,SOFAMILIESWILLBEEVENSMALLERTHETYPICALFAMILYMAYREMAINCHILDLESSANDCONSISTSONLY2OFAMANANDAWOMANASMALLNUMBEROFFAMILIESMAYTAKERAISINGCHILDRENASTHEIRCHIEFWORKATTHESAMETIMETHEYMAYALSORAISEOTHERPEOPLESCHILDREN,LEAVINGTHOSEFAMILIESFREETOMOVEFROMJOBTOJOB1WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGTOPICSISDISCUSSEDINTHEPASSAGEADEVELOPMENTOFSCIENCEANDINDUSTRYINAMERICABINFLUENCEOFSCIENCEANDINDUSTRYONAMERICANFAMILIESCTHEHARMFULEFFECTOFINDUSTRIALIZATIONDSOCIALPROBLEMSRESULTINGFROMTHEHIGHLYDEVELOPEDSCIENCEANDINDUSTRYINAMERICA2WHATKINDOFFAMILIESISDESCRIBEDINTHEPASSAGEAFAMILIESOFTHEPASTBFAMILIESOFTHEPRESENTANDOFTHEFUTURECFAMILIESOFTHEPASTANDOFTHEFUTUREDFAMILIESOFTHEPAST,THEPRESENTANDTHEFUTURE3ACCORDINGTOTHEWRITER,WHATISONEOFTHEREASONSWHYFAMILIESAREGETTINGSMALLERINAMERICAACHILDRENTENDTOLEAVETHEIRPARENTSANDGRANDPARENTSWHENTHEYGROWUPBPEOPLENOLONGERWANTTOHAVECHILDRENCTHENEEDFORWORKERSWHOAREABLETOMOVEATANYTIMEHASBEENINCREASINGDBOTHOLDANDYOUNGPEOPLEPREFERTOLIVEBYTHEMSELVES4WHOWILLTAKETHECHIEFRESPONSIBILITYOFRAISINGCHILDRENINTHEFUTUREAPARENTSTHEMSELVESBGRANDPARENTSCSOCIALWORKERSDASMALLNUMBEROFFAMILIES5WHATCANYOUINFERFROMTHEPASSAGEASCIENCEANDINDUSTRYHAVECAUSEDTHOUSANDSOFFAMILIESTOSPLITBCHILDRENDONOTLIKETOLIVEWITHTHEIRPARENTSORGRANDPARENTSCLARGEFAMILIESCANHARDLYSURVIVEINAHIGHLYINDUSTRIALIZEDSOCIETYDAMERICANSAREVERYCHOOSYWITHTHEIRJOBSBDCDCPASSAGE3AMANGOTINTOATRAINANDFOUNDHIMSELFSITTINGOPPOSITEAWOMANWHOSEEMEDTOBEABOUTTHIRTYFIVEYEARSOLDSOONTHEYBEGANTALKINGTOEACHOTHER,ANDTHEMANSAIDTOHER,“DOYOUHAVEAFAMILY”“YES,IHAVEONESON,”THEWOMANANSWERED“OH,REALLY”SAIDTHEMAN“DOESHESMOKE”“NO,HESNEVERTOUCHEDACIGARETTE,”THEWOMANREPLIED“THATSGOOD,”THEMANCONTINUED“IDONTSMOKEEITHERTOBACCOISVERYBADTOONESHEALTHANDDOESYOURSONDRINKWINE”“OH,NO,”THEWOMANANSWEREDATONCE“HESNEVERDRUNKADROPOFIT”“THENICONGRATULATEYOU,MAAM,”HESAID“ANDDOESHEEVERCOMEHOMELATEATNIGHT”“NO,NEVER,”HISNEIGHBORANSWERED“HEGOESTOBEDIMMEDIATELYAFTERDINNEREVERYNIGHT”“WELL,”THEMANSAID,“HESAWISEYOUNGMANHOWOLDISHE”“HESSIXMONTHSOLDTODAYBUTHEWILLGROWUPTOBEAGENTLEMAN,”THEWOMANREPLIEDPROUDLY1WHATARETHEMANANDTHEWOMANTALKINGABOUTAWHATAWISEYOUNGMANSHOULDBELIKEBWHATAYOUNGMANSHOULDNTDOCTHEWOMANSSONDTHEMANSSON2HOWDOESTHEWOMANFEELABOUTHERSONAHEISSTILLTOOYOUNGTODOANYTHINGBADBHEISAVERYGOODBOYCHEWILLGROWUPTOBEAWISEYOUNGMANDHEISBORNWISE3WHEREDOESTHECONVERSATIONTAKEPLACE3AONATRAINBATTHEWOMANSHOMECINTHESTREETDATTHEMANSHOME4WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGPROBABLYBESTDESCRIBESTHEMANSFEELINGATTHEENDOFTHECONVERSATIONADISAPPOINTEDBSURPRISEDCAMUSEDDANNOYED5WHATCANTYOULEARNFROMTHECONVERSATIONATHEMANDIDNTEXPECTTHATTHEWOMANHASAYOUNGBOYBTHEMANBELIEVESINPROPERBEHAVIORFORTHEYOUNGCTHEWOMANISSOPROUDOFHERSONTHATSHEDOESNOTREALLYUNDERSTANDWHATTHEMANSQUESTIONSMEANDTHEWOMANISSURETHATHERSONWONTDOALLTHETHINGSTHEMANMENTIONSWHENHEGROWSUPCCACCPASSAGE4MANYPEOPLENOWKEEPANIMALSASPETSSOMEPEOPLEHAVECATSANDDOGSINTHEIRHOUSESOTHERPEOPLELIKEFISH,CAGEDBIRDS,TORTOISESANDEVENSNAKES,MONKEYSORLIONSMILLIONSOFDOLLARSANDMUCHTIMEARESPENTEVERYYEARONPETFOOD,EQUIPMENT,TAMINGANDMEDICALTREATMENTOFCOURSE,THEREARESOMEPEOPLEWHODONOTLOOKAFTERTHEIRPETSPROPERLYORAREEVENCRUELTOTHEMFORTHISREASONAROYALSOCIETYWASCREATEDIN1824INBRITAINTOPREVENTCRUELTREATMENTOFANIMALSINCONTRASTTOTHELOVEOFPETSISTHEFACTTHATBLOODSPORTSSTILLEXISTINMOSTCOUNTRIESPEOPLEGOHUNTINGFOXES,ELEPHANTS,PANDAS,DUCKS,RABBITSANDOTHERANIMALS,ORGOFISHING,NOTBECAUSETHEYNEEDTHEMEATTOEAT,BUTJUSTFORPLEASUREINSOMECOUNTRIES,BLOODSPORTSLIKEBULLFIGHTINGANDCOCKFIGHTINGARECOMMONANDHUNTINGRAREANIMALSFORCOMMERCIALPURPOSESHASBROUGHTABOUTANEVENMORESERIOUSPROBLEMINTHEPROTECTIONOFTHEECOSYSTEMITISSTRANGETHATPEOPLELOVECERTAINANIMALS,BUTENJOYKILLINGOTHERS,INCRUELWAYS,TOO1HOWDOMOSTPEOPLETREATTHEIRPETSATHEYDONOTTAKECAREOFTHEMBTHEYTRAINTHEMATHOMECTHEYSPENDAVERYLARGEAMOUNTOFMONEYANDTIMEONEQUIPMENTTOGIVETHEMGOODEXERCISESDTHEYSPENDALARGEAMOUNTOFMONEYANDTIMETAKINGCAREOFTHEM2WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGISNOTABLOODSPORTABULLFIGHTINGBCOCKFIGHTINGCFOXHUNTINGDHORSERACING3WHATDOYOUTHINKISTHEWRITERSATTITUDETOWARDSBLOODSPORTSAHETHINKSTHEYAREVERYCRUELBHEFEELSSTRONGLYTHEYSHOULDBEBANNEDCHEISNEUTRALABOUTTHEMDHEFINDSTHEMSTRANGE4WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGSEEMSTOAFFECTTHEEARTHSECOSYSTEMMOSTSERIOUSLYAHUNTINGANIMALSFORPLEASUREBKEEPINGPETSATHOMECILLEGALKILLINGOFRAREANIMALSDMALTREATINGANIMALS5WHATDOESTHEPASSAGEMAINLYIMPLYAPEOPLESHOULDNOTKEEPANIMALSASPETSATHOMEBRAREANIMALSSHOULDNOTBEKILLEDFORPROFITSCANIMALSSHOULDBEWELLTREATEDANDPROTECTEDDHUNTINGSHOULDBEFORBIDDENDDACCPASSAGE5WEATHERHASAGREATINFLUENCEONPEOPLEITINFLUENCESPEOPLESHEALTH,INTELLIGENCE智力ANDFEELINGSINAUGUST,ITISVERYHOTANDINTHESOUTHERNPARTOFTHEUNITEDSTATESPEOPLETHEREHAVEHEARTDISEASE疾病ANDOTHERKINDOFHEALTHPROBLEMSDURINGTHEMONTHINTHENORTHEASTANDMIDDLEWEST,ITISVERYHOTATSOMETIMESANDVERYCOLDATOTHERTIMESPEOPLEINTHESEPLACESMAYHAVEHEARTDISEASEAFTERTHEWEATHER4CHANGESINFEBRUARYORMARCHTHEWEATHERCANALSOINFLUENCEINTELLIGENCEFOREXAMPLE,INA1982STUDYBYSCIENTISTS,THEIQSCORESOFAGROUPOFSTUDENTSWEREVERYHIGHDURINGASTORM,BUTAFTERTHESTORMTHEIRIQSCORESWERELOWERTHANUSUALLEVELSOSTORMSCANINCREASEINTELLIGENCEHOWEVER,VERYHOTWEATHERCANLOWERITSTUDENTSINTHEUNITEDSTATESOFTENDOBADLYONEXAMSINTHEHOTMONTHSOFTHEYEARWEATHERALSOHASASTRONGINFLUENCEONPEOPLESFEELINGSWINTERMAYBEABADTIMEFORTHINPEOPLETHEYUSUALLYFEELCOLDDURINGTHESEMONTHSANDTHEYMAYFEELUNHAPPYDURINGCOLDWEATHERINHOTSUMMERWEATHER,ONTHEOTHERHAND,FATPEOPLEMAYFEELUNHAPPYTHESUMMERHEATMAYMAKETHEMTIREDANDTHEYAREEASYTOGETANGRYAREYOUFEELINGSICK,SAD,TIREDORVERYINTELLIGENTTODAYTHEWEATHERMAYBETHECAUSE1IFTHINPEOPLEFEELUNHAPPY,THEWEATHERMAYBEVERY_AWARMBCOLDCCOOLDHOT2STUDENTSINTHEUSUSUALLYDOBADLYONEXAMSIN_AJANUARYBDECEMBERCAUGUSTDMAY3PEOPLEINTHENORTHEASTOFAMERICAUSUALLYHAVEHEARTDISEASEIN_AMARCHBAUGUSTCJULYDDECEMBER4STORMSCANINCREASESTUDENTSIQ,THISDISCOVERYWASMADE_AIN1982BBY1982STUDENTSCBY1982SCIENTISTSDBYASTUDYOF1982EXAMPLES5WHATISTHEBESTTITLEFORTHISPASSAGE_AWEATHERBWEATHERANDPEOPLECTHEGREATINFLUENCEOFWEATHERDWEATHERANDHEALTHBCAACPASSAGE6VERYFEWPEOPLEWERECOMINGTOEATATTHEWHITEROSERESTAURANT,ANDITSOWNERDIDNTKNOWWHATTODOTHEFOODINHISRESTAURANTWASCHEAPANDGOOD,BUTNOBODYSEEMEDTOWANTTOEATTHERETHENHEDIDSOMETHINGTHATCHANGEDALLTHAT,ANDINAFEWWEEKSHISRESTAURANTWASALWAYSFULLOFMENANDTHEIRLADYFRIENDSWHENEVERAGENTLEMANCAMEWITHALADY,ASMILINGWAITERGAVEEACHOFTHEMABEAUTIFULMENUTHEMENUSLOOKEDEXACTLYTHESAMEONTHEOUTSIDE,BUTTHEREWASANIMPORTANTDIFFERENCEINSIDETHEMENUTHATTHEWAITERHANDEDTOTHEMANGAVETHECORRECTPRICEFOREACHDISHANDEACHBOTTLEOFWINEWHILETHEMENUTHATHEHANDEDTOTHELADYGAVEAMUCHHIGHERPRICESOWHENTHEMANCALMLYORDEREDDISHAFTERDISHANDWINEAFTERWINE,THELADYTHOUGHTHEWASMUCHMOREGENEROUSTHANHEREALLYWAS1TOWHOMDIDTHEWAITERGIVEABEAUTIFULMENUWHENAGENTLEMANANDHISLADYFRIENDCAMEINTOTHERESTAURANTATHEGENTLEMANBTHELADYCBOTHOFTHEMDNEITHEROFTHEM2WERETHEMENUSFORTHEGUESTSTHESAMEAYES,THEYWEREBNO,THEYWERENTCTHEYWERETHESAMEONTHEOUTSIDEBUTDIFFERENTINSIDEDTHEYWEREDIFFERENTONTHEOUTSIDEBUTTHESAMEINSIDE3WHYCOULDTHEMALEGUESTREMAINCALMWHENHEORDEREDDISHAFTERDISHABECAUSETHEPRICESOFTHEDISHESWEREREASONABLEBBECAUSEHECOULDHAVESOMEDISCOUNT5CBECAUSEHEWASRICHDBECAUSEHEKNEWTHATTHELADYWOULDLIKETOSHARETHECOSTWITHHIM4WHATDIDTHELADYTHINKOFHERFRIENDAFTERAMEALATTHISRESTAURANTASHETHOUGHTHEWANTEDTOIMPRESSHERBSHETHOUGHTHEONLYPRETENDEDTOBEGENEROUSCSHETHOUGHHEWASVERYRICHDSHETHOUGHTHEWASVERYGENEROUS5WHATDOESTHESTORYMAINLYSUGGESTAKNOWLEDGEOFCUSTOMERPSYCHOLOGYHELPSPROMOTEBUSINESSBARESTAURANTOWNERSHOULDDESIGNDIFFERENTMENUSFORDIFFERENTGUESTSCALLMENPRETENDTOBEGENEROUSBEFORETHEIRLADYFRIENDSDPEOPLELIKETOGOTOEXPENSIVERESTAURANTSCCADAPASSAGE7AGUIDEDOGISADOGESPECIALLYTRAINEDTOGUIDEABLINDPERSONDOGSCHOSENFORSUCHTRAININGMUSTSHOWGOODDISPOSITION,INTELLIGENCE,PHYSICALFITNESSANDSENSEOFRESPONSIBILITYATTHEAGEOFABOUTFOURTEENMONTHS,AGUIDEDOGBEGINSANINTENSIVECOURSETHATLASTSFROMTHREETOFIVEMONTHSITBECOMESACCUSTOMEDTOTHELEATHERHARNESSANDSTIFFLEATHERHANDLEITWILLWEARWHENGUIDINGITSBLINDOWNERTHEDOGLEARNSTOWATCHTHETRAFFICANDTOCROSSTHESTREETSAFELYITALSOLEARNSTOOBEYSUCHCOMMANDSAS“FORWARD“,“LEFT“,“RIGHT“AND“SIT“ANDTODISOBEYANYCOMMANDTHATMIGHTLEADITSOWNERINTODANGERTHEMOSTIMPORTANTPARTOFTHETRAININGCOURSEISAFOURWEEKPROGRAMINWHICHTHEGUIDEDOGANDITSFUTUREOWNERLEARNTOWORKTOGETHERHOWEVER,MANYBLINDPEOPLEAREUNSUITEDBYPERSONALITYTOWORKWITHDOGSONLYATENTHOFTHEBLINDFINDAGUIDEDOGUSEFUL1WHATISAGUIDEDOGAADOGTRAINEDTOHELPTHEBLINDBADOGTRAINEDTOPLAYTR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