非谓语动词解题步骤学习精华各种形式表格讲课模板.ppt

,完成式,/,进行式,todo(将来),一般式,被动,主动,时间性,tobedone,tobedoing/同时,tohavedone/完成,tohavebeendone,完成式,一般式,被动形式,主动形式,doing/同时,beingdone,havingdone/完成,havingbeendone(只作状语),时间性,done,1.搭配(优先),2.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,1.一般2.同时进行3.将来4.已完成,解题步骤:,（动宾/介宾）表语宾语补足语定语（前置/后置）状语,非谓语动词充当句子成分:主语谓语宾语,非谓语动词作状语/定语/with结构，先判断逻辑关系,非谓语解题步骤,非谓语动词内涵（特征）1.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动2.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,非谓语解题步骤,非谓语动词内涵（特征）1.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动2.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,由谓语动词搭配决定1.其逻辑关系名词：句子主语2.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,外延一：,外延二：,二.不由谓语动词搭配决定,与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,非谓语解题步骤,非谓语动词内涵（特征）1.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动2.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,由谓语动词搭配决定1.其逻辑关系名词：句子主语2.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,外延一：,外延二：,二.不由谓语动词搭配决定,与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,完成式,/,进行式,todo(将来),一般式,被动,主动,时间性,tobedone,tobedoing/同时,tohavedone/完成,tohavebeendone,完成式,一般式,被动形式,主动形式,doing/同时,beingdone,havingdone/完成,havingbeendone(只作状语),时间性,done,1.搭配(优先),2.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,1.一般2.同时进行3.将来4.已完成,解题步骤:,（动宾/介宾）表语宾语补足语定语（前置/后置）状语,非谓语动词充当句子成分:主语谓语宾语,非谓语动词作状语/定语/with结构，先判断逻辑关系,17.Theresearchissodesignedandpreparedthatonce_nothingcanbedonetochangeit.AbeginsBhavingbegunCbegun,(theresearchis)begun,begin(Vt)theresearch,tobedone,tobedoing,tohavedone,tohavebeendone,doing,beingdone,havingdone,havingbeendone(只作状语),时间性,done,1.搭配(优先),2.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析(相对)时间性:,1.一般2.同时进行3.将来4.已完成,解题步骤:,Sandycoulddonothingbut_(admit)_(make)amistake.,admit,making,coulddo(形式不变)nothingbutdo(具体动词)sthadmitdoing,Heissaid_(write)anewbook(now),butwhenhecanfinishitisunknown.,tobewriting,-Heissaid_abookabouttheCivilWar.-Ihavealreadyreadit.,tohavewritten,A:Theyseem_(get)alongquitewell(now).B:Yes,theyaregoodfriends.,tobegetting,seemtodosth,非谓语解题步骤,非谓语动词内涵（特征）1.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动2.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,由谓语动词搭配决定1.其逻辑关系名词：句子主语2.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,外延一：,外延二：,二.不由谓语动词搭配决定,与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,_(see)fromspace,ourearth,withwater_(cover)70%ofitssurface,appearsasa“blueplanet”.,Seen,非谓语动词作状语/定语/with结构，先判断逻辑关系,covering,Dontspeakunless_(speak)to.,(_)Dontspeakunless(_)_(speak)to.,spoken,You,youare,_(surround)bychildren,theoldmansatunderthetree,_(tell)aninterestingstory.,Surrounded,telling,非谓语动词作状语，先判断逻辑关系,Theoldmanistellinganinterestingstory,_(很多孩子围着他）,withmanychildrensurroundinghim,Thesmellofcookingmeatfilledtheair【surroundinghim】.,_littlekids,theoldmanfeltgay(adj.happy),tellinganinterestingstory.thelittlekid,theoldmenfeltgay,listeningtohisinterestingstory.,Surroundedby,Surrounding,完成式,/,进行式,todo(将来),一般式,被动,主动,时间性,tobedone,tobedoing/同时,tohavedone/完成,tohavebeendone,完成式,一般式,被动形式,主动形式,doing/同时,beingdone,havingdone/完成,havingbeendone(常作状语),时间性,done,1.搭配(优先),2.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动,1.一般2.同时进行3.将来4.已完成,解题步骤:,（动宾/介宾）表语宾语补足语定语（前置/后置）状语,非谓语动词充当句子成分:主语谓语宾语,18._fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.A.SufferingB.Havingsuffered,3.分析与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,Havingsuffered,3.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:havingdone明显的时间差距,完成式,/,进行式,todo(将来),一般式,被动,主动,时间性,tobedone,tobedoing/同时,tohavedone/完成,tohavebeendone,完成式,一般式,被动形式,主动形式,doing/同时,beingdone,havingdone/完成,havingbeendone(常作状语),时间性,done,1.搭配(优先),2.与某名词逻辑关系:主动/被动,1.一般2.同时进行3.将来4.已完成,解题步骤:,（动宾/介宾）表语宾语补足语定语（前置/后置）状语,非谓语动词充当句子成分:主语谓语宾语,3.分析与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,Theexperiment_byscientistsinNewYorkturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.AhavingbeenconductedBconducted,conducted,定语(后置),1._(notknow)muchEnglish,hetookouttheEnglishdictionary.2.The_(injure)manislookingforwardto_(give)somemedicine.3._(finish)hisexercises,hehandedintotheteacher.4.Whatisthewayhethoughtof_(earn)money.5._(make)himself_(hear),hehadhisvoice_(raise).6.Whichdoyouenjoy_(spend)yourholiday,fishingorskating?,Notknowing,injured,beinggiven,Havingfinished,toearn,Tomake,heard,raised,tospend,7.Withsomuchhomework_(do),hehastogiveup_(watch)TV.8.WhenIpassedbyhisclassroom,Isawhim_(seat)bythedesk,_(read)anovel_(write)byafamouswriter_(call)Luxun.9.Hehadus_(wait)forhours,whichmadeus_(feel)unhappy.10._(paint)whiteagain,theoldhouse_(build)yearsagolooksnew.,todo,watching,seated,reading,written,called,waiting,feel,Havingbeenpainted/Painted,built,11.When_(tell)thathehadfailedtheexam,hefelt_(disappoint).12.Hegotuplatethismorning,_(miss)theearlybus.13._(taste)bad,thefishwasleftontheplate,unfinished.14.His_(defeat)inthefootballmatchmadehimsad.15.Isuggesther_(send)tohospitalimmediatelytohaveher_(examine).16.Iwontattendhisbirthdaypartyunless_(invite).,told,disappointed,missing,Tasting,beingdefeated,beingsent,examined,invited,17.Iamfondof_(read)thebooks_(write)byShakespeare.18.Thewholesocietyshouldcareaboutthepatients_(expose)tosomedeadlydiseases.19.Afraidof_(attack)bythechurch,hehadhistheory_(publish)whenhelaylying.20.Heshowedan_(excite)lookatthenews.,reading,written,exposed,beingattacked,published,excited,1.搭配(优先),2.分析与某名词的逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.与谓语动词的(相对)时间性:,分析句子结构,1.一般2.同时进行3.将来/后来4.已完成,4.其他:,done形式的形容词,非谓语解题步骤,1.搭配(优先),2.分析与某名词的逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析(相对)时间性:,分析句子结构,1.一般2.同时进行3.将来/后来4.已完成,4.其他:,done形式的形容词,非谓语解题步骤,1.搭配(优先),2.分析与某名词的逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析(相对)时间性:,1.一般2.同时进行3.将来4.已完成,非谓语解题步骤,1.搭配(优先),2.分析与某名词的逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析(相对)时间性:,分析句子结构,1.一般2.同时进行3.将来/后来4.已完成,4.其他:,done形式的形容词,非谓语解题步骤,Generallyspeaking,_accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect（副作用）.AwhentakingBwhentakenCwhentobetaken,whentaken,1.搭配(优先),2.分析与某名词的逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析(相对)时间性:,分析句子结构,1.一般2.同时进行3.将来/后来4.已完成,4.其他:,done形式的形容词,非谓语解题步骤,Laws(thatpunishparentsfortheirchildrensactionsagainstthelaws)getparents_.worriedB.toworryC.worry,worried,形容词,1.搭配(优先),2.分析与某名词的逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析(相对)时间性:,分析句子结构,1.一般2.同时进行3.将来/后来4.已完成,4.其他:,done形式的形容词,非谓语解题步骤,-Whydidyougobacktotheshop?-Ileftmyfriendthere_.A.towaitB.waitingC.wait,leave/keepsbdoing:使某人保持某种状态,waiting,1.搭配(优先),2.分析与某名词的逻辑关系:主动/被动,3.分析(相对)时间性:,分析句子结构,1.一般2.同时进行3.将来/后来4.已完成,4.其他:,done形式的形容词,非谓语解题步骤,Helookedaroundandcaughttheman_hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.putBtoputC.putting,putting,1.catchsbdoingsth,2.改为被动句,做非谓语动词题,可分四步分析:一、分析句子结构A.HavingbeentoldB.ToldC.HewastoldD.Thoughhewastold1._manytimes,buthestillcouldntunderstandit.2._manytimes,hestillcouldntunderstandit.,分析：句1.用连词but引导并列句子，因此，前面也是个独立句子，故选C。句2.句中用逗号隔开，且无连词引导，因此，前面不是句子结构，只是句子的一个成分，故选A，用非谓语动词作状语。,3.A4.E5.C,3._totheleft,youllfindthepostoffice.4.Ifyou_totheleft,youllfindthepostoffice.5._totheleftandyoullfindthepostoffice.TurningB.ToturnC.TurnD.TurnedE.turn,1.Idontknowwhetheryouhappen,butImgoingtostudyintheU.S.A.thisSeptember.AtobeheardBtobehearingCtohearDtohaveheard,2.-IsBobstillperforming?-Imafraidnot.Heissaid_thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.tohaveleftB.toleaveC.tohavebeenleftD.tobeleft,3.Hisvoicemademe_terrible.A.TofeelB.feelC.feelsD.felt4.Ireallycantunderstand_herlikethat.A.youtreatB.youtotreatC.whytreatD.youtreating,二、分析逻辑主语非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致。若不一致，则须加上自己的逻辑主语。1._nobuses,wehavetowalkhome.2._SundayIshallhaveaquietdayathome.A.TherebeingB.ItwereC.TherewereD.Itbeing,分析：句1.表示“没有公共汽车”，应用“therebe”结构，即逻辑主语是“thebuses”，故选A。句2.同理选D。,三、分析语态分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。1._fromspace,theearthlooksblue.2._fromspace,wecanseetheearthisblue.A.SeenB.SeeingC.ToseeD.See,这两个题选项中的非谓语动词都没有加自己的逻辑主语,因此其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。分析：句1.“地球被看”，表被动，故选A，用过去分词表被动。句2.我们“主动看”即表主动，故选B。,3.Thedirtyclothes_,thegirlhungthemupoutside.4._thedirtyclothes,thegirlhungthemupoutside.A.waswashedB.washedC.werewashedD.havingwashed,分析：句3.前面应用非谓语动词作句子的状语，逻辑主语是“thedirtyclothes”，和动词搭配表示“衣服被洗”，故选B。句4.逻辑主语为句子的主语“thegirl”，表示“女孩洗衣服”，为主动关系，故选D。,四、分析时间性:在选定了主动或被动后，还要考虑动作发生的时间问题，即时态。1.Thebuilding_nowwillbearestaurant.2.Thebuilding_nextyearwillbearestaurant.3.Thebuilding_lastyearisarestaurant.A.havingbeenbuiltB.tobebuiltC.beingbuiltD.built,句1中now说明大楼正在被修，用进行式，选C。句2中nextyear说明大楼将在明年被修，故用表将来的不定式，选B。句3中lastyear说明大楼已被修，但不能选A，因为现在分词的完成式不能作定语，故用过去分词，选D。,1.Hestoodthere_forhismother.2._fortwohours,hew