动名词和现在分词的区别

动名词,一、主语Colletinginformationisveryimportanttobusinessmen.Learningaforeignlanguageisveryusefultome.Seeingisbelieving.Travelingabroadcanbeinteresting.Playingfootballismyhobby.二、宾语Hefinishedreadingthebookyesterday.IenjoylearningEnglish.Imlookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.Shesuggesteddoingitinadifferentway.Idevote2hourstolearningEnglisheveryday.,动名词可以作为主语，宾语，表语，定语（小心）,三、表语(以下doing是动名词，be是系动词)Myhobbyisplayingfootball.HisgoalisgoingtoBeijingUniversity.MyjobisteachingClass5andClass6.Herjobwaswashingclothes.以下doing是现在分词，be是助动词，起结构作用Heisplayingfootball.HeisgoingtoBeijingUniversity.SheisteachingtheSsmathsinClass6.Mymotheriswashingmyclothes.,四、定语（做这一成分时，动名词和现在分词极易搞混)Asleepingbag.=abagforsleeping(动名词)Asleepingrobe.=arobeforsleeping(动名词)Asleepingtent.=atentforsleeping(动名词)Asleepingdog.=adog(whichis/was)sleeping(现分)Asleepingbaby=ababy(whois/was)sleeping(现分)Adogsleepinginthestreet=Adog(whichis)sleepinginthestreet(现分)Ababysleepinginthebed=Ababy(whois)sleepinginthebed(现分),ExplainthefollowingphrasesinsimpleEnglish.,acupfordrinking,ahorsethatisdrinking,ahallfordancing,agirlthatisdancing,apotforcooking,materialsforbuilding,workerswhoarebuildingsth,amotherthatiscooking,1.主语swimmingismyhobby.2.宾语Ilikeswimming.3.表语Myhobbyisswimming.4.定语Iwanttobuyaswimmingsuit.,动名词可以以下成分,现在分词,可以作为定语，表语，宾语补足语，状语,一、定语1.Lookattherunningdog.(thedogwhichisrunning)2.Askthesmokingboytocometomyoffice.(theboywhoissmoking)3.Idontlikethepeopletalkingloudlyinpublic.4.Hisbrother,workingasateacher,livesinBeijing.=Hisbrother,whoisworkingasateacher,livesinBeijing.,二、表语1.Themusicismoving.2.Whathesaidsoundedinspiring.3.Thestoryisinteresting.4.Theteachersteachingisboring.,三、宾语补足语Weheardhersinginginherroom2.Youcanseethemperformingeverynightthisweekatthenewtheatre.3.Wewatchthechildrendivingintothewaterfromthebridge.4.Listentothebirdssinging.,四、状语，（伴随，原因状语或方式状语等）1.Shesatatthedesk(whenshewas)readinganewspaper.ShesatatthedeskreadinganewspaperReadinganewspaper,Shesatatthedesk.2.Becauseshewasbeingill/tired,shewenthome.Beingill/tired,shewenthome.,1.表语Themusicismoving.2.定语Idontlikethepeopletalkingloudlyinpublic.3.状语Readinganewspaper,Shesatatthedesk.4.宾补Weheardhersinginginherroom.,现在分词可以以下成分,动名词,1.Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.2.Smokingmaycausecancer.3.Walkingismysoleexercise.4.Wemustimproveourworkingmethod.5.Isuggestbringingthemeetingtoanend.6.Headmittedtakingthemoney.7.Icouldnthelplaughing.8.Yourcoatneedsbrushing.9.Ourgreatesthappinessisservingthepeople.10.Ourtaskisbuildingsocialism.buildingmaterialsdrinkingwaterawalkingstickareadingroomawritingdesk,现在分词,1.Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.=Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestreet.2.ThemanstandingthereisPetersfather.3.Anybodyswimminginthisriverwillbefined.4.Theappletree,swayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.,1.Whenwereturnedtotheschool,wefoundastrangerstandingattheentrance.2.Wefoundthesnakeeatingtheeggs.3.Ifoundabaglyingontheground.4.Thebosskepttheworkersworkingthewholenight.5.Theyfoundtheresultverysatisfying.6.Theyheardhimsinginginthenextroom.7.Wemustntkeepthemwaiting.,定语,宾补,一、表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。如：1.Wesawalightburninginthewindow.2.Ifeltsomebodypattingmeontheshoulder.3.Ashespoke,heobservedeverybodylookingathimcuriously.4.Ididntnoticehimwaiting.二、表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等。如：1.Iwonthaveyoudoingthat.2.Thissetmethinking.3.Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.4.Icantgettheclockgoingagain.5.Youwontcatchmedoingthatagain.,现在分词作宾语补足语的几类动词:,三、see,hear,feel,watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。如:Wepassedbytheclassmatesandsawtheteachermakingtheexperiment.Wesatanhourandwatchedtheteachermaketheexperiment.如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词不定式短语表示一次动作，而-ing形式则表示反复动作。如：Weheardthedoorslam.(一次动作)Weheardthedoorslamming.(反复动作),1.Hisconcernforhismotherismosttouching.2.Shewasverypleasinginherappearance.3.Ourgreatesthappinessisservingthepeople.4.Ourtaskisbuildingsocialism.5Thefilmwesawlastnightisquitemoving.6.Hiswordsareencouraging.7.Wemustimproveourworkingmethod.8.Theysetupanoperatingtableinasmalltemple.9.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.10.Thestudentmakingtheexperimentisourmonitor.11.Isawhimgoingupstairs.12.Wewatchedhercrossingthestreet.13.Weheardhersinginginherroom。,动名词和现在分词,（现分）,（现分）,（现分）,（现分）,（现分）,（现分）,（现分）,（现分）,（动名词）,（动名词）,（动名词）,（动名词）,（现分）,1.IcantimagineBilly_amotorbike.2.Didyouhearthedogdownstairs_formostofthenight?3.Frankisverygoodattellingfunnyjokes.Hecanbevery_.4.Youcantstopme_whatIwant.5.Hegavemea_hugwhenhemetmeattheairport.6.Jimhasreallylearntveryfast.Shehasmade_progress.7.Itsbeenrainingallday.Thisweatheris_.8.WhenIcameoutofthetheatre,Inoticedagroupofchildren_musicalinstrumentsacrossthestreet.,riding,astonish,depress，play,do,ride,amuse,bark,welcome,barking,amusing,doing,welcoming,astonishing,depressing,playing,1.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_hishandintothepocketofapassenger.(北京2004春)A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting2.Themanager,_itcleartousthathedidntagreewithus,leftthemeetingroom.(江西2005)A.whohasmadeB.havingmadeC.madeD.making3.Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.Sorry.Withsomuchwork_mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.(福建2007)A.filledB.fillingC.tofillD.beingfilled,高考题,4.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow_hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.(四川2007)A.saidB.sayC.sayingD.tosay5.Ismellsomething_inthekitchen.CanIcallyoubackinaminute?(2007全国卷I)A.burningB.burntC.beingburntD.tobeburnt6.Itisbelievedthatifabookis_,itwillsurely_thereader.(上海2003)interested;interestB.interesting;beinterestedC.interested;beinterestingD.interesting;interest,7.The_boywaslastseen_nearthebankofthelake.missing;playingB.missing;playC.missed;playedD.missed;toplay8.Mr.Smith,_ofthe_speech,startedtoreadanovel.A.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring9.Whenwewatchedthenationalflag_intheOlympicGamesonTV,weraisedacheer.A.riseB.beingrisenC.raisedD.beingraised,10.Hewasinhospitalforsixmonths.Hefeltasifhewas_fromtheoutsideworld.cutoutB.cutoffC.cutupD.cutthrough11.Wesatthere,_withwhatwelistenedto.A.satisfyingB.tosatisfyC.contentedD.content12.Theboyburstintotears_hesawhismother.A.directB.directionC.directlyD.directlywhen,13.ItwassodarkinthecinemathatIcouldhardly_myfriend.(四川2007)A.turnoutB.bringoutC.calloutD.pickout本题考查短语辨析。pickout辨认出；turnout结果是；bringout拿出；callout叫出。14.Hewasinhospitalforsixmonths.Hefeltasifhewas_fromtheoutsideworld.(北京2004春)A.cutoutB.cutoffC.cutupD.cutthrough本题考查cut短语辨析。cutoff“隔离，使孤立”，符合题意。cutout删掉；cutup切碎；cutthrough穿过。15.ReadingisanexperiencequitedifferentfromwatchingTV;therearepictures_inyourmindinsteadofbeforeyoureyes.(2004全国卷III)A.toformB.formC.formingD.havingformedforming在句中作定语，此处表示一种普遍现象，无时间上的特定性，故不用D项。,16.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolonger_itwas20yearsago,_itwassopoorlyequipped.（安徽2005）A.what;whenB.that;whichC.what;whichD.which;that第一个从句为what引导的表语从句并在从句中作表语；第二个为when引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为20yearsago。17.Iwalkedinourgarden,_TomandJimweretyingabigsignontooneofhetrees.（辽宁2005）A.whichB.whenC.whereD.that由句子结构可知，填上一个词之后逗号后面应是一个非限制性定语从句，再根据先行词和所需意义即可做出正确选择。18.Ifashophaschairs_womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmor