高中英语句子成分和结构讲解(共31张)ppt课件

.,英语句子成分与结构,.,nounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ingV-edetc.,主语,谓语,宾语,表语,Vt,系动词,Vi,Noun/PronounThe+adjV-ing/ClauseInfinitive,Noun/Pronoun/The+adjV-ing/Clause/Infinitive,英语句子基本成分示意图,be/feel/seem/lookappear/stand/liebecome/get/grow/turngo/come/remain/keeptaste/smelletc.,nounpronounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ing/V-edclauseetc.,.,Membersofasentence,主语subject谓语predicate宾语object表语predicative宾补complement定语attribute状语adverbial同位语appositive,.,ImetmybestfriendTomatthestationyesterday.,主语,谓语,定语,宾语,同位语,状语,.,主语（subject）句子说明的人或事物,主语一般位于_。,句首,Lilyllikeshernewbike.TolearnEnglishwellisnoteasy.,.,（二）谓语（predicate)：,由动词或动词短语充当，位置一般放于主语后面。,Heworksveryhard.,谓语,Theweatherisverynicetoday.,谓语,Helookedupthewordinthedictionary.,谓语,.,Howmanydoyouwant?-Iwanttwo.Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.Theyaskedtoseemypassport.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?,(数词),(名词化的形容词),(三)宾语（object）动作的对象或承受者，由n.或相当于n.的词担任。置于_或_之后。,（不定式）,（动名词）,（句子）,及物动词,介词,.,通常情况下，指物的叫直接宾语，指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语多放在直接宾语之前。,间接宾语,直接宾语,pleasepassmethebook.Heboughthisgirlfriendsomeflowers.,Hegavemesomebooks.,.,（四）定语:(attribute)（Noun/Pronoun）,这是一节生动有趣的课,Thisisalivelyandinterestingclass.,有一些难题要处理,Thereissomethingdifficulttodealwith.,前置定语,后置定语,Tips:形容词作定语时通常放在被修饰词的前面，而介词短语、不定式短语则放在被修饰词之后。,.,（五）表语（predicative）,连系动词,1.be动词(am,is,are,was,were),3.感官动词(look,smell,hear,feel),+表语,2.表状态变化的动词(get/become/turn/keep/remain/stay),Mysisterisanurse.Shegotangry.,.,Ifoundthebookinteresting.Doyousmellsomethingburning?Hemadehimselfknowntothem.,（六）宾语补足语（objectcomplement）,.,(七)同位语:(appositive),我们有两个孩子，一男一女,Wehavetwochildren,aboyandagirl.,那人是我的老师，他从来都不骑自行车,Theman,myteacher,neverridesabike.,当两个同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时，一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者就叫做后者的同位语。,.,八.状语:(adverbial),状语是修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分；按用途分，可分为时间，地点，原因，结果，目的，条件，让步，程度，方式，伴随状况等。,.,表时间：yesterday,today,tomorrow,Shallwegoshoppingtodayortomorrow?,我们是今天还是明天出去买东西啊？,表地点：inChina,attheairport,Isawastudentintheclassroom.,我在教室里看见一个学生,.,表原因:because,as,for,since,他因为生病所以今天没有去上学,Becausehewasill,hedidntgotoschooltoday.,表结果：to+do,v+ing,从句,那个男孩从树上掉下来了，头撞到地上了,Theboyfelloffthetree,strikinghisheadagainsttheground.,表目的:inorderto,inorderthat,forthepurpose,为了考入一个更好的学校，我必须更加努力,Inordertogetintoabetterschool,Imuststudyevenharder.,.,表条件:as/solongas,if,unless,只要努力学习，你就会取得好成绩,Aslongasyoustudyhard,youcangetahighmark.,表让步:inspiteof,despite,although,though,他虽然不认识我，但却帮了我,Hehelpedmealthoughhedidntknowme.,表程度:very,enough,tosomeextent,那里的风景非常漂亮,Thescenerythereisverybeautiful.,.,表方式:likethat,as,asif,不要那样看我,Dontlookatmelikethat!,表伴随状况：,老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书,Theteachercameintotheclassroom,catchingabookinhishand.,with,.,画出下列句子的状语,Iwillbebackinawhile.Theyareplayingontheplayground.Hewaslatebecausehegotuplate.HegotupsolatethatImissedthetrain.,Iwaitedtoseeyou.Heoftenwenttoschoolbybus.Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.Pleasecallmeifitisnecessary.Thisbookisveryinteresting.Hewenttoschoolinspiteofhisillness.,.,consolidation,.,指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.8.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.9.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.10.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?,.,Fivebasicsentencepattern英语五大基本句型,一:(主谓)二:(主系表)三:(主谓宾)四:(主谓间宾直宾)五:(主谓宾宾补),.,1.(主谓),是不及物动词,1.Thesunrose.2.Whathesaiddoesnotmatter.3.Theytalkedforhalfanhour.,.,2.+(系动词)+(表语),1.Thedinnersmellsgood.2.Everythinglooksdifferent.3.Ourwellhasgonedry.4.Hisfaceturnedred.,.,3.S+V+O(V是及物动词),例如：1.Isawafilmyesterday.2.Theybuiltahouselastyear.3.Youshouldlookafteryourchildrenwell.,.,4.S+V+O1+O2(V是及物动词),在此句式中，V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的带有双宾语的动词有give,ask,bring,offer,send,pay,lend,show,tell,buy,get,rob,warn等。,例：sheorderedherselfanewdress.shecookedherhusbandadeliciousmeal.,.,5.S+V+O+C,Thewarmadehimasoldier.Newmethodsmakethejobeasy.,Tips：宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,.,a.b.c.d.e.,1.Pleasetellusastory._2.Shesmiled._3.Hisjobistotrainswimmers._4.Henoticedamanentertheroom._5.Pleaselookatthepicture._,d,a,b,e,c,Practice,.,Nobodywent.Shebecameadoctor.Thecarcaughtfire.Iwillwriteyoualongletter.Iwilllethimgo.,主+谓,主+系+表,主+谓+宾,主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语,