新概念第三册第三课.ppt

NEWCONCEPTENGLISH,BOOK3,Anunknowngoddess无名女神,Lesson3,Backgroundknowledge：,God神:如Romangodofwar罗马战神GodtheFather,GodtheSon,GodtheHolyGhost圣父、圣子、圣灵（三位一体）Goddess:女神希腊神话中的六位女神：Hera赫拉：奥林匹斯山十二主神之一，主管婚姻和生育Athena雅典娜：奥林匹斯山十二主神之一，智慧与工艺女神；Diana戴安娜：狩猎与月亮之神Aphrodite阿芙洛狄忒（即罗马神话中的维纳斯），爱与美的女神；Medusa美杜莎，蛇发女怪Hebe赫柏：青春女神,Newwordsandexpressions:goddess:n.女神waitress,hostess,mistress(情妇）,murderess（女杀人犯）,tigress（母老虎）（mothertiger)gender性，性别(male男；female女)archaeologistn.考古学家archaeologyn.考古学,古迹；psychology心理学physiology生理学philosophy哲学，人生观，anthropology人类学-ist:人；家terrorist恐怖份子racist种族主义者specialist专家pacifist反战主义者，和平主义者,explorev.考察，堪探，探究，仔细检查toexploretheArcticregions考察北极地区eg.Wehaveexploredseveralsolutionstotheproblem.explorationn.探测，堪探，搜索explodev.(blowup)爆炸eg.Thefireworkexplodedinhishand.exploitv.开发，利用，剥削toexploitsolarenergy/waterpower开发太阳能、水能promontoryn.海角（凸起的）(ahighlongplaceoflandwhichgoesoutintothesea)capen.海角theCape(=theCapeofGoodHope好望角channeln.海峡theEnglishChannelstraitn.海峡theTaiwanStrait,prosperousadj.(经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的aprosperouscountry/industry繁荣的国家、工业prosperv.使繁荣，使昌盛eg.Thecountryisprosperingunderastronggovernment.civilizationn.文明eg.Thecityenjoysahighlevelofcivilization.这个城市是一个高度文明的城市。civilizedadj.文明的，文雅的acivilizedsociety一个文明的社会；civilizedbehavior文明行为civiladj.公民的，市民的，民用的，国内的civilrights民权；civildefense民防civillaw民法；civilservant公仆；civilwar内战,Storeyn.楼层（Am.E.:story)Eg.Theresanine-storeyapartmentbuildingnexttothebank.银行旁边有一座九层高的宿舍大楼。drainagen.排水，排水系统drainagesystem=drainingsystem排水系统drainv.排水，流干；n.排水；下水道，排水系统braindrain人才流失,worshipn.崇拜，钟爱，信奉，做礼拜eg.Blindworshipmustbeended.盲目崇拜必须停止。Sheabsolutelyworshipherchildren.PeoplegotochurchtoworshipGod.theworshipofmoney拜金主义Sacredadj.神圣的，宗教的asacredplace圣地asacredoath神圣的誓言sacredmusic宗教音乐；sacredhistory宗教史Holyadj.神圣的（theholycity:Jerusalem耶路撒冷）,Fragmentn.碎片fall/breakintofragments/pieces摔成碎片fractionn.一小部分afractionofasecond片刻，眨眼间afractionofherearnings她收入的一小部分piecen.Imabouttogotopieces.我快要崩溃了。remainsn.遗物，废墟，遗迹，遗体theremainsofancientRome古罗马遗迹Eg.Hisremainswereburiedinthechurchyard.他的遗体安葬在教堂墓地。,Classicaladj.古（希腊、罗马）文化的；古典的；传统的Eg.1.Latinisaclassicallanguage.拉丁语是古典语言。2.Ilikeclassicalliteratureandmusic.classicaladj.古典的；classicadj.经典的historicaladj.历史上的；historicadj.有历史意义的economicaladj.节约的economicadj.经济的electricaladj.电学的，用电的，与电有关的electricadj.发电的，带电的，导电的reconstructv.修复，重建，复兴（Ifyoureconstructsomethingthathasbeendestroyedorbadlydamaged,youbuilditandmakeitworkagain.）Eg.Thegovernmentmustreconstructtheshattered(破碎的）economy.政府必须重建支离破碎的经济。rebuildv.重建restorev.修复，恢复,restv.倚放，放置eg.Sherestedherelbowsonthetable.Herestedhisbicycleagainstthewall.reststh.on/againststh.依赖于，依靠于eg.Werestourhopesonyou.reston/upon依靠；寄托在eg.Theplanrestsonyourcooperation.,gracefuladj.优雅的，优美的，雅致的Eg.Theirdancingwasgraceful.gracen.优雅，魅力；恩宠，恩典；v.使优雅Eg.1.Theyoungwomanhadgracebeyondheryears.这个年轻女子有着超越年龄的涵养。2.Shedidntfitinandshehadfewsocialgraces.她不适合这种场合，对社交礼仪所知甚少。3.ItwasonlybythegraceofGodthatnoonedied.承蒙上帝保佑才无人死亡。,identityn.身份；本质；个性，特征；相同，一致anidentitycard身份证theidentityofinterests利益的一致reach(an)identityofviews取得一致看法Eg.1.Pleaseproveyouridentity.2.Theidentityofthecrimesledthepolicetothinkthatthesamepersoncommittedthem.相同的犯罪事实使得警察认为是同一人作案。identifyv.认出（身份、物件等）；辨认出Eg.Thecriminalwasidentified.Howmanyspeciesofbirdscanyouidentify?identificationn.辨认Theidentificationofcriminalsbytheirfingerprints通过指纹辨认罪犯,TEXTQ:Howdidthearchaeologistsknowthatthestatuewasagoddess?,1.Sometimeago,aninterestingdiscoverywasmadebyarchaeologistsontheAegeanislandofKea.Makeadiscoveryof作出发现Eg.Geologistshavemadeanimportantdiscoveryofoilandnaturalgasesinthatarea.其他关于make的短语：makeaclosestudyof对作深入研究makeadetailedanalysisof对作详尽分析makeacomprehensivesummaryof对作全面总结makeanameforoneself出名makehistory创造历史makeanoise名嗓一时makeanexhaustive(详尽的，彻底的）investigationof对作彻底调查eg.Tomhasmadeadetailedanalysisofthepresentsituation.Benladenreallymadeanoiseby9.11.,makeadent:(tomakeafirststeptowardssuccessinsth.)取得初步有效进展；奏效eg.Chineseopen-uppolicyhasmadeadent.Aegean:theAegeanSealiesbetweenGreeceandTurkey,partofMediterraneanSea.主题句（本文的第一句）：也为典型的记叙文的开头句。记叙文的文本特点：Time,Place,Person,Event.,2.AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichstandsinanancientcityonthepromontoryofAyiaIrini.Standin/on:表示“位于/处于地方”(强调高高耸立)Eg.Chinastandsintheeastoftheworld.Thereisatemplestandingonthetopofthemountain.Arowofwillowsstandsontheriverside.河边长着一排柳树。Stand还可表示人或物体的高度。Eg.Thegirlstands1.7m.其他表示“位于”的相关短语：liein/on:“位于（低处）”belocatedin/on/at:“坐落于（方向）”besituatedin/on/at:“坐落于（方向）”besitedin/on/at：“坐落于（人为）”eg:Thesmallvillageliesinalonelyvalley.Alakeliesinthemiddleoftheforest.Thenewhospitalwillbesitedatthecitycentre.新的医院将会建在城市的中心地带。,3.Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous,foritenjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.1).atonetime:“一度，曾经”eg.NigeriaatonetimewasaBritishcolony.atatime:“一次”eg.Dontasksomanyquestionsatatime.enjoyahighlevelofcivilization:“享有高度文明”sb.enjoy某人喜欢、享受sth.enjoy某物享有、拥有(这里相当于have)Eg.Chinaenjoysalongandglorioushistoryofover5,000years.中国享有5，000多年悠久灿烂的历史。enjoyalonghistory历史悠久enjoysupports得到支持enjoygoodhealth身体健康enjoylargesales畅销enjoyahandsomeincome收入颇丰,4.Thecitywasevenequippedwithadrainagesystemforagreatmanypipeswerefoundbeneaththenarrowstreets.1).beequippedwith:装备，配备(equipwith)eg.Theycantaffordtoequiptheirarmyproperly.Youreducationwillequipyoutoearnagoodliving.supplywith供应（besuppliedwith)providesb.withsth.提供(providesth.forsb.)eg.Thefirmhasprovidedmewithacar.Thetownissuppliedwithwaterfromareservoir(水库)inthehills.2).beneathprep.adv.有下方，在底下；低于eg.Theearthfeltsoftbeneathourfeet.Thereisalargecellarbeneath/underthekitchen.RichardisfarbeneathHenryinintelligence(智力）.,5.RomanTimes:罗马时代（200B.C.400A.D.)B.C.：beforeChrist公元前A.D.：AnnoDomini(拉丁文）（fromthebirthofChrist)有关Rome的习语：DoastheRomansdowheninRome.入国问禁，入乡随俗。EveryroadleadstoRome.条条大道通罗马。Romewasntbuiltinaday.罗马非一日建成/伟业非一日之功。（冰冻三尺，非一日之寒）,6.Eachoftheserepresentedagoddessandhad,atonetime,beenpainted.representv.代表eg.ThestatueofLibertyrepresentsthefriendshipofFranceandAmerica.TheForeignMinister(外交部长）representedthecountryattheconference.standfor:代表；为而奋斗；拥护；(口）容忍eg.1).UNstandsfortheUnitedNations.2).Hestoodforthecauseoflibertyandjustice.3).Iwillnotstandforbehaviorofthatkindinmyhouse.4).Pigeonandgreenstandforpeace.onbehalfof:代表（的身份）Eg.Attheairport,themanagerreadanaddressofwelcomeonbehalfofthecompany.symbolizev.象征，标志bethesymbolof.是的象征Thousandsofyears,Garnetisconsideredtobethesymboloftrust,constancyandpure.数千年来，石榴石被认为是信仰、坚贞和纯朴的象征。Cityisconsideredtobethesymbolofmoderncivilization,andistheimportantcarrierforEconomicsandSocialDevelopment.城市是现代文明的标志，是经济和社会发展的重要载体。,7.ThebodyofonestatuewasfoundamongremainsdatingfromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.datefrom:“追溯到，起始于(=datebackto)”（无被动）datebackto=tracebacktoeg.Thecastle,theverybestinEurope,hasalonghistorydatingfromancientRomeTimes.古堡为欧洲之最，其历史悠久，可追溯到古罗马时代。dateback:表示“已存在”eg.Thatisaoldtradition.Itdatesbackseveralcenturies.那是旧传统，在几个世纪前就已经存在了。lookbackonsth.回顾，回想eg.Iliketolookbackonmyuniversitydays,whichwereamongthehappiestinmylife.我喜欢回首我的大学时代，那是我一生中最快乐的日子。,8.ItsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.happentodosth.碰巧做某事（dosth.Bychance)(=Ithappenedthat)eg.Billhappenedtomeetaclassmateontheschoolway.Ithappenedthatitsmissingheadwasamongremainsofsth.happentosb.某人发生某事sth.occurtosb.某人想起某事；某人发生某事eg.Nobetterplanoccurredtothem.,9.Whenthearchaeologistsreconstructedthefragments,theywereamazedtofindthatthegoddessturnedouttobeaverymodern-lookingwoman.划线部分还可改成：Theyfoundtotheirsurprisethatthegoddessturnedouttobe.1).Reconstruction(1865-1877)重建时期（美）TheperiodofAmericanHistoryaftertheCivilWarwhenthesouthernstates,undergovernmentandmilitarycontrol,rejoinedtheUS.Slaverywasabolished.Blackpeopleweregiventherightstovote,andafewuniversitieswereestablishedforblackpeople.2)turnout(tobe)+adj./adv.:证明是，结果是，原来是eg.Hisstatementturnedouttobefalse.Thepartyturnedouttobeasuccess.Itturnedoutthat结果证明eg.Itturnedoutthatthemethoddidntwork.Asitturnsout人们后来发现，原来eg.Asitturnedout,thespeakerwasshouteddownbytheangrycrowd.结果，那个演讲的人被愤怒的人群哄了下去。,10.Despitehergreatage,shewasverygracefulindeed,but,sofar,thearchaeologistshavebeenunabletodiscoverheridentity.1).despitesth.=inspiteofsth.尽管(后面接短语）eg.Despitehislackofeducation,Jackbecameaverysuccessfulbusinessman.despitethefactthat+同位语从句regardlessof不管如何eg.Everyonehastherighttolivewherehewantsto,regardlessofthecolourofhisskin.2).beunabletodo“不能做，没有能力做，无法做”eg.Helayawakeallnight,unabletosleep.beincapableofdoing没有能力做disablev.（因疾病、事故等）使失去能力，使残废(disablesb.)enablev.使能够(enablesb.todo.),Lesson3课后习题,Multiplechoicequestions多项选择1.DItsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.2.Dbeemployedin被应用在.方面thisisconfirmedbythefactthat引导同位语从句，补充说明fact的内容3.Aindoingsth在.方面4.Dprosperityn.繁荣（不可数）know1知道,认识2（文学用语）经历过,曾经有过（=experience,比experience更加正式）-Heknewpovertyinhisearlydays.他早年有过痛苦的经历,5.Bsince：自从（主干的时态为现在完成时）6.Ctoonessu