白-内-障-病-人-护-理PPT课件

06.05.2020,.,1,白内障病人护理(NursingforCataractPatients),06.05.2020,.,2,晶状体在眼球内的位置(PositionofLensintheEye),06.05.2020,.,3,06.05.2020,.,4,Egg,Pullet,06.05.2020,.,5,EggWhite,EggYolk,06.05.2020,.,6,EggShell,06.05.2020,.,7,06.05.2020,.,8,晶状体的特性(PropertiesofLens),1.Transparent(透明的)Body2.Proteinpruti:n3.Convexknveks（Degree：1000-1200）,06.05.2020,.,9,Definition：广义上讲，任何因素导致晶体(lens)出现浑浊(turbidness)t:bidnis都可称为(cataract),DiseaseDescription,06.05.2020,.,10,白内障国情(NationalConditions）1.6000万(sixtymillion)白内障患者2.100万(onemillion)白内障患者应施行手术3.每年新增患者40万(fourhundredthousand)4.人口老龄化，患者逐年增加，白内障治疗、护理任务项繁重(Aburdensometask),06.05.2020,.,11,白内障临床分类(ClassificationofClinic),06.05.2020,.,12,一：SenileCataractsi:nail年龄相关性白内障(age-relatedcataract）,06.05.2020,.,13,二：TraumaticCataracttr:mtik外伤性白内障:眼球穿孔伤、钝挫伤,06.05.2020,.,14,三：MetabolicCataract,metblik代谢性白内障：糖尿病，甲状腺疾病,06.05.2020,.,15,四：CongenitalCataractkndenitl先天性白内障,06.05.2020,.,16,五：MedicamentousCataract药物性中毒性白内障：长期使用“类固醇”药物六：RadiatedCataractreidieitid辐射性白内障：因放射线所致,06.05.2020,.,17,老年性白内障SenileCataract,06.05.2020,.,18,1.年龄增长，晶状体逐渐混浊，即为老年性白内障。一般起于4045以后2.主要病因:氧化损害(OxidativeDamage)ksideitiv3.临床表现:眼前阴影和渐进性、无痛性视力减退(VisualDeterioration)di,tirirein,06.05.2020,.,19,NursingAssessment,(一)HealthHistory1.年龄(Age)2.外伤(Trauma)3.营养(Nutrition)4.遗传(Heredity)hirediti5.代谢(Metabolize)mtblaiz6.全身病(GeneralDisease),06.05.2020,.,20,身体状况(PhysicalCondition),1.症状(Symptom),渐进性视力下降(GradualVisualDeterioration）di,tirirein,06.05.2020,.,21,ClinicalStages,一期(InitialStage)1、无视力下降（对视力无影响）2、皮质内出现空泡，水裂和板层分离，从周边逐渐向中央扩大，呈“羽毛状”或楔形浑浊3、此期发展缓慢，可经数年,06.05.2020,.,22,06.05.2020,.,23,二期：膨胀期(DilatationalStage)1.视力下降2.晶体呈不均匀浑浊3.晶体体积变大，将虹膜向前推移4.前房变浅5.诱发急性闭角型青光眼AACG:（AcuteAngleClosureGlaucoma),06.05.2020,.,24,06.05.2020,.,25,三期：成熟期(MaturityStage)mtjuriti1.视力下降至眼前手动/光感2.晶体灰白色均匀浑浊3.虹膜投影消失4.眼底不能窥入,06.05.2020,.,26,06.05.2020,.,27,四期：过熟期(OverripeStage)uvraip1.视力突然提高(晶体皮质液化外溢核下沉）2.前房加深3.虹膜震颤4.浑浊晶体纤维分解液化，呈乳白色5.棕黄色晶体核下沉于囊袋下方6.诱发晶体溶解性青光眼,06.05.2020,.,28,06.05.2020,.,29,PhysicalSign白瞳症(WhitePupil)是最明显的体征,06.05.2020,.,30,NursingDiagnosis,1.感知改变(PerceptualAlteration)2.自理缺陷(SelfCareDeficit)3.受伤危险(RiskforInjury)4.知识缺乏(KnowledgeDeficit)5.潜在并发症(PotentialComplications),06.05.2020,.,31,NursingGoals,1.病人视力提高2.自理恢复3.避免受伤4.熟悉相关知识5.避免并发症,06.05.2020,.,32,NursingInterventions,一般护理(OrdinaryProvidence)1.病房介绍(WardIntroduction)2.饮食指导(DietGuidance),06.05.2020,.,33,治疗配合(TherapeuticAlliance)erpju:tiklains,一：NursingofDrug(1)维生素类VitC,VitB2(2)滴眼液:白内停,谷胱甘肽,卡他灵二：SurgicalCare,06.05.2020,.,34,06.05.2020,.,35,PreoperativeCare,1.抗生素(Antibiotic),ntibaitik眼液术前3天2.镇静剂3.冲洗结膜囊4.冲洗泪道5.降眼压IntraocularPressure,intrkjul6.散瞳孔,06.05.2020,.,36,06.05.2020,.,37,06.05.2020,.,38,06.05.2020,.,39,06.05.2020,.,40,PostoperativeCare,一：“四位”一体(FourPositions)1.体位(Body)2.头位(Head)3.口位(Mouth)4.手位(Hand)二：预防感染(InfectionPrevention)氧氟沙星滴眼液三：定期复查(RegularlCountercheck)oneweek,onemonth，sixmonths,06.05.2020,.,41,Heal