现代大学英语第二册lesson

QuickFixSociety,Lesson9,IntroductiontotheText,Structure:Introduction:Para1-3compareherrideonfastroadtowestVirginiaandherreturntripofadifferentroute.Body:para4-6liststhreewaysAmericansseekaqucikfix.Conclusion:para7-8letsslowdownandenjoywhatnatureoffersusandwhatmankindhasleftusandrediscoverlife.,WritingSkills,ComparisonandContrast:Para1and2Rhetoricalquestion:Para3,DetailedDiscussionofTextA,Ofcourse,wecouldntwaittogetthere,sowetookthePennsylvaniaTurnpikeandacoulpeofinterstates.(para.1)Question：whydidthewriterandherhusbandtakethepennsylvaniaTurnpikeandinterstate?,Cantwait/canhardlywaittodosth,Thestudentscantwaitforthesummervocation.Mysoncanhardlywaittogothezoo.,DetailedDiscussionofTextA,Cantwait/canhardlywaittodosth:等不及做某事。如：Thestudentscantwaitforthesummervocation.Mysoncanhardlywaittogothezoo.,So,whenitwastimetoreturntoourhomeoutsideofphiladelphia,Iinsistedthatwetakeadifferentroute.(Para.2)Toinsist:这里指的是“坚决要求”。,Forexample,Ididntliketheidea,butsheinsistedonit.Ifyouinsistedongoingtomorrow,itsalrightwithme.:Sheinsistedthattheyshouldnotgiveup.,Conclusion,注意：toinsistonsth.Ididntliketheidea,butsheinsistedonit.:toinsistondoingsth.Ifyouinsistedongoingtomorrow,itsalrightwithme.:toinsistthatone(should)dosth.Sheinsistedthattheyshouldnotgiveup.,Thetwodaysittookustomakethereturntripwerefilledwithnewexperiences.(para.2),Thetwodaysittookustomakethereturntripwerefilledwithnewexperiences.(para.2)Ittookustwodaystomakethereturntrip.Thetwodayswerefilledwithnewexperience.,Take和Spend,汉语中都可翻译成“花了.时间”，但用法不同。Hespentalmost20yearsonthisbook.Ittookhimalmost20yearstofinishthisbook.,表示“组成”的动词Comprise：即可以表示“整体包括部分”，也可以表示“部分构成整体”，becomprisedof表示“整体由构成“。Consist：主语通常为一个整体，of后接构成整体的部分，Constitute:表示“部分构成整体“，用于主动结构，,Whatdoyouthinkaboutthequickfixsociety?ItsgoodorbadTofacethequickfixsociety,howdoyoukeepthebalance?,Para4.,1.Weputalittleofeachpaymentaway“forarainyday”.Forarainyday:以备不时之需Toputaway:存钱2.Ifwewantedanewsofaoraweekatalakesidecabin,wesavedupforit,andthebankhelpedusoutbyprovidingspecialChristmasClubandVacationClubaccounts.Tosaveupfor:为买东西而攒钱Tohelpsb.out:帮助某人摆脱困难,1.Webuyourfood,likeourclothing,ready-madeandofftherack.ready-made:现成的（方便，速冻食品）,Para5,ATM自动出纳机（AutomaticTellerMachine）,Thenwetakeourfastmoneytoafastconveniencestore(whywaitinlineatthesupermarket?),wherewebuyafrozendinnerallwrappedupandreadytobeputintothemicrowaveunlesswedontcaretowaiteventhatlongandpickupsomefastfoodinstead.,这句话中多次出现fast一词，通过重复强调了各种普遍的追求速效的生活方式。,Andifourfastmealdoesntagreewithus,Notagreewithsb(offood):tomakeyoufeelill/sick.和某人的肠胃不和Eg:Iloveseafood,butitdoesntagreewithme.,Agreewithsbv.Ifsomethingagreewithyou,itdoesntmakeyoufeelill.,Examples:Stoptakingthemedicineifitdoesntagreewithyou.Ifindthatcountrylifereallyagreeswithme.,YouGuessedIt,YouGuessedIt：你猜对YouHaveGuessedIt：您猜对YouProbablyGuessedIt：你也可能猜到,Welikeourinformationfast,too:messagesflashedonacomputerscreen,documentsfaxedfromyourtelephonetomine,currenteventsin90-secondburstsoneyewitnessnews,historyreducedto“bicentenialminutes”.,Forinformation,wenolongerreadnewspapers,magazines,books,etc.Becauseittakestoomuchtime.werelyonwhatcomesfromthewebsiteonacomputerscreen,ordocumentsfaxedthroughthetelephone,orbriefnewsonTV.,Bicentenialminutes美国两百年大事记,该书是由美国乔治华盛顿大学哥伦比亚文理学院院长加尔文D林顿主编。这是一本美国历史的工具书。全书内容自1776年1月起,至1975年3月,美国建国二百周年纪念活动正式开始时止，前后跨二百年。本书是大事记体裁，收进了许多为一般美国历史著述所未收入的材料。书中以大量资料记录了美国二百年来政治、经济、军事、文化、科学、社会等各个领域的大事，其内容广及政治变迁、国会立法、机构改革、对外关系、党派斗争、竞选角逐、领土扩张、大小战争、国家预算、经济危机、人口调查、司法判例、民权斗争、劳工和妇女运动以及科学技术、文艺体育、发明创造、考察探险、自然灾害、环境保护、社会犯罪、政治丑闻等各个方面，资料丰富翔实，实际上可以说是一本美国历史词典。本书另一个特点是，在每年大事记的条目前都有一篇关于该年主要大事的提纲挈领式的概述。本书译者还从美国现代史杂志的“世界各国大事记”中选译了美国1975-1981年大事记部分内容作为附录。,Symbolically,theAmericaneaglenowfilesforexpressmail.,expressmail:美国联邦快递公司，该公司的标记也是美国国家标记秃头鹰。作者说，这里有点象征意义，说明整个国家都要追求快速。Question：whatdoestheamericaneaglenormallysymbolize?TheAmericaneagleisnormallyregardedasthesymboloftheu.s.,HowdareanyonekeepAmericawaitinglongerthanovernight?,Theslightestdelaywouldmakeamericansextremelyangry.NoAmericanscanputupwithanydelay.这是一个修饰性问句，语气较陈述句更为强烈，更加形象地表现了美国人毫无耐性的生活态度。,WordsandPhrases,BicentennialcabinetConvenienceInfectMicrowavesymbolically,AsmanyWrapupStand/waitinlineNotagreewithsbYouGuessedIt,Bicentennial,baisentenjln.二百周年纪念adj.二百周年的cabinetkbinitn.内阁；橱柜；展览艺术品的小陈列室adj.内阁的；私下的，秘密的,convenienceknvi:njnsn.便利；厕所；便利的事物infectinfektvt.感染，传染microwavemaikruweivn.微波symbolicallysimblikliadv.象征性地；象征意义地,Asmany:thesamenumberasanotherparticularnumber.Examples:Thosecooliesweregreat.Icouldeatasmanyagain.Stand/waitinline排队等候,Wrapup,包起来，裹起来Examples：Letswrapupthediscussion.让我们结束这次讨论吧。Wrapup.Lastdayofclass.整理。课程的最后一天。Wouldyoupleasewrapupthesweaterforme?请你把毛衣给我包一下好吗？,Para6,Whatsmore,wedontevenwantallofit.Question:WhatstheChinesemeaningofthissentence.whatsmore:inaddition;moreimportantly2.Once,welingeredovereverywordofaclassicnovelorthelatestbestseller.Inthepastwereadabookeitheraclassnovelorthelatestbestsellerverycarefully.(指以前我们看书时每个词都要细细琢磨体会，而现在我们的快节奏社会就是随便看一下书本的开头和结尾，根本还没领悟到其中的意思）tolinger(over/on):tostayon,unwillingtoleavee.g.Thepainlingeredon.,3.OrwebuytheCliffsNotes,especiallyifwearestudents,sowedonthavetodealwiththebookatall.CliffsNotes是一批参考书的书名，用于帮助学生理解和欣赏重要的文学作品。书中有各种经典著作的详细介绍和评论，以及思考题和答案。不少学生因此就用它们应付考试而不看原书。4.Afterall,whywaste45minuteslisteningtothewholethingwhensomeoneelsehassavedusthetroubleofpickingoutthebestparts?afterall:毕竟，归根到底whywaste:“whyshouldwewaste”的省略when:考虑到tosavesb.thetroubleofdoingsth.:省了某人做某事的麻烦。e.g.Ilikefast-foodbecausetheysavemethetroubleofcookingformyself.topickoutsb./sth.:tochoosecarefully仔细挑选e.g.Hepickedoutthethreestrongestmentodothejob.,5.Ourmagazinearticlescometousper-digestedinReadersDigest.(WereadmagazinearticlesonlyfromReadersDigestwhereallthearticlesarecondensed（压缩）byeditor.)pre-digest:被预先消化过了ReadersDigest:读者文摘（美国通俗刊物，所等文章都经过大幅压缩，仅仅只是原文的摘要。）读者文摘（ReadersDigest），美国杂志，在全球多个国家和地区都有发行。1922年创刊，现每月发行。这是一本能引起大众广泛兴趣的内容丰富的家庭杂志。它所涉及的故事文章涵盖了健康、生态、政府、国际事务、体育、旅游、科学、商业、教育以及幽默笑话等多个领域。,6.Ournewsbriefings,thankstoUSAToday,aremorebriefthanever.newsbriefings:新闻发布thanksto：由于；（为此）我们要感谢.（注意讽刺的口气）morebrief:这里“brief”是形容词，意为“简短的”。上面的“briefing”是动名词，其动词“tobrief”的意思是“事先做详细介绍、布置或指示”。作者在这里故意利用这个词的两种不同意思，已达到幽默的效果。7.Evenourpersonalrelationshiphavebecomecompressed.Insteadofdevotinglargepartsofourdaystoourlovedones,wereplacethemwithsomethingcalled“qualitytime”,which,moreoftenthannot,isnotimeatall.personalrelationship:人际关系todevotesth.tosb./sth.:(把时间、注意力等）先给某人，如：Hedecidedtodevotemoretimetohisfamily.lovedones:所爱的人toreplacesth.withsth.:以.代替某事物,e.g.Theywanttoreplacetheiroldcarwithanewone.qualitytime:和孩子在一起的重要时刻moreoftenthannot:通常是8.Aswerushfrombooktomusictonewsitemtorelationship,wedonotrealizethatwearelivingourlivesbytheicebergprinciple-payingattentiononlytothetopandignoringthe8/9thatliesjustbelowthesurface.tolivebytheicebergprinciple:topayattentiononlytothesurfaceoflife作者在这里把生活比作冰山，真正重要的东西都在水下，看不见。可惜人们在生活中只看表面，不愿意关注生活中深层次的东西。,WordsandPhrases,1.briefingn.简报pressv.压缩/紧3.condensev.压缩，摘要4.digestn.文摘5.icebergn.冰山6.ignorev.忽视7.lingerv.逗留，拖延，徘徊8.pre-digest:tomakealookorarticleshorterandsimpleforeasyuse,1.whatsmore而且，更重要的是2.tolingeroverthewords细细琢磨词语3.tosavesb.thetrouble省去某人的麻烦4.topickoutsth.仔细挑选出某物5.todevotetimetosb.把时间花在某人上6.moreoftenthannot往往，多半,*Practiceusingtherulesofwordformation1.Examinehowthewords“pre-digest”areformed.提示：前缀“pre-”表示“在前”、“先于”，e.g.preview,pre-war2.Pleasegivemoreexampleslikethese.3.Pleasedothepracticesonpage238,Para7,Conclusionpara,单词words,Urge英音：:d美音：d及物动词vt.1.催促;力劝;激励;怂恿O2Theyurgedustogoatonce.他们催促我们马上去。2.极力主张;强烈要求(+on)+thatMyfriendsurgedthatI(should)applyforthejob.朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。3.推进;驱策O,不及物动词vi.1.极力主张;强烈要求Thecitizensurgedfortheconstructionofanewhospital.市民们强烈要求建造一个新医院,短语,Getitoverwith：做完就算，算是了结一件事Letgetitoverwith.让我们来结束这一切吧Comeon,letsgetitoverwith.来吧，让我们赶快把事情做完算了。,toskimthesurface:浮光跃影，走马观花,Howeversoundtheargumentsmaybe,theyonlyskimthesurfacetheproblem.无论这个论证多么严密，它只是触及到问题的表面。,Rhetoricalquestion修词性问句,修辞性问句，又叫反诘句（相当于反问句）类似于疑问句，但作用上与被强调的陈述句一样，说者不期望听着回答。修辞性问句最多是用疑问句甚多。,Whodoesnotknowthis?表面是说，谁不知道这点言下之意是：Everybodyknowthis,请在3,4,5,7段中找出修辞性问句的列子PleasefindsomeexamplewhichuseRhetoricalquestion,为什么作者要使用修辞性问句，用它有什么作用？用它使得读者在朗读过程中感受到一种越来越快的速度，再一次暗示了“快节奏”的主题。,p8,Dontgetmewrong.Imnotsayingweshouldgobacktogrowingourownvegetablesormakingourownclothes.Imnotevenadvocatingamassmovementtocutallourcreditcardsintolittlepieces.,别误会我的意思。我并不是说我们应该返回到自耕自织的时代去。我甚至也不想提倡一场撕毁信用卡的群众运动。,ButIamsayingthatallofusneedtothinkmoreseriouslyaboutputtingthebrakesonour“we-want-it-all-and-we-want-it-now”lifestylebeforewespeedcompletelyoutofcontrol.,我想说的是，我们所有人都需要更严肃地思考一下，是否应该在我们生活车轮的速度完全失控以前，对这种“我一切都要，现在就要”的生活方式刹一刹车。,Letstakethetimetoreadeverywordofthatstory,heareverynoteofthatmusic,andenjoyeverysubtlechangeofthatcountryside.Letsrediscoverlifeintheslowlane.,让我们不慌不忙地去阅读故事中的每一个字，去聆听音乐中的每一个音符，去