【机械类毕业论文中英文对照文献翻译】冲模的机械运动分析
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机械类毕业论文中英文对照文献翻译
机械类
毕业论文
中英文
对照
文献
翻译
冲模
机械运动
分析
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【机械类毕业论文中英文对照文献翻译】冲模的机械运动分析,机械类毕业论文中英文对照文献翻译,机械类,毕业论文,中英文,对照,文献,翻译,冲模,机械运动,分析
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The mechanical motion analysis stamping In stamping process, mechanical motion throughout. All sorts of stamping process implementation has its basic motion mechanism, this movement is closely related with mold, all kinds of die structure design and mechanics is ultimately designed to satisfy its can realize a particular movement requirements. The mould design can finish stamping process strictly for realizing motion, directly affects the quality of the stamping, so in the mold design of coping mechanical motion control. Meanwhile in order to achieve the product shape size requirement, cant constrained or confined to various process basic sports mode, but should be constant development and innovation, in the mold design of flexible use of mechanical motion. Keywords: stamping mould design, mechanical motion, control and flexibility 1. Introduction This paper is based on the basic theory of stamping technology, through various stamping process basic motion analysis, proposed to the stamping mould design requirements. Firstly stamping process, mechanical motion of the basic concepts, then analyzed prescribing blanking, bending, deep drawing technology, and points out that the basic motion mechanism mold design of should focus on the control to content, and introduced in the mold design of flexible use of mechanical motion of methods and some examples. Finally summarized the products according to the specific conditions of motion analysis method, process and stressed, in the mold design of mechanical movement control and flexibility to improve design level and guarantee the quality of the stamping significance. 2. Stamping process mechanical movement overview Cold stamping is the different size, use blank sheet metal or mold and stamping equipment (press, another name for its punch) pressure, make deformation or separation, access to certain shape, size and performance parts. General production is the vertical punch, thus determines the stamping process is the main movement up and down movement, in addition, there in the die and mold sheet and the structure of mutual movement between. Mechanical motion can be divided into sliding, rotation and rolling on the three basic forms of exercise in stamping process, there are various forms of exercise, but the different characteristics, the influence of pressing are different. Since stamping process is so diverse movement and in stamping mould design for all kinds of sports should be strict control, in order to achieve mold design requirements; Meanwhile, in design should also according to the specific circumstances, make use of various mechanical motion, in order to achieve product requirements. The main movement is pressing process, but in the up and down movement in the die design inclined wedge structure, resale structure, roller structure and rotary cutting structure etc, can the corresponding main movement into the horizontal movement of die and mould rotation, the scroll. In the mold design of these special structure is more complex and difficult, costs are high, but in order to achieve a products shape, size requirement, it is a kind of effective solutions. 3. Punching moulds mechanical motion control and use Cutting craft basic motion is the stripper plate first and sheet metal contact and pressure of the punch descend to jail, metal contact and continue to fall into the concave die, convex, concave die relative motion and sheet metal sheet metal separate, then leads to separate, convex, concave die stripper plate the piece or waste from the punch, lagging finish on cutting movement. The stripper plate sport is very crucial, in order to ensure the quality of punching, must control the stripper plate motion, make it before the punch and sheet metal contact, and pressure material force should be enough, or blanking pieces cut surface quality is poor, size precision low, flatness bad, and even die life is reduced. According to the usual way design blanking punching mould, often stamping workpiece and waste edge after to separate. This does not affect the premise of workpiece quality, can use in the stripper plate die and punch adding some bulge set blocks, in order to make blanking punching movement, concave die after completion of the workpiece stripper plate first launched from concave die, and die and punch in the stripper plate put waste from the die and punch. So, lagging the workpiece and waste is natural separated. For some local raised larger stamping, can be in blanking punching die of stripper plate dies.the adding pressed the punch, and exert enough spring force, to ensure that the unloading board pressed the punch and sheet metal contact first make materials deform achieve pressed purpose, continue to blanking punching movement, often can reduce a work step of mould and reduce the cost. Some punching mould punching number, need very blunt pressure, stamping production adverse, even have no enough tonnage of punch, a simple method is adopted different lengths of 2 4 batch of punch in stamping, let punching movement points, can effectively decrease cutting force. For those in curved surface of the high demand a position precision of lateral bending holes (such as the two holes etc) concentricity stamping, if the first bending is difficult to punch holes again, must design a requirement in winding inclined wedge structure, then, using the horizontal penterite exercise can achieve a goal. Punch For those flanging, deep drawing, height requirements stricter need to do the trimming process, also can use similar structure design. 4. In bending die mechanical movement control and use The basic motion is bending process stripper plate first and sheet metal contact and killed, the punch descend to and sheet metal contact, and continue to fall into the concave die, convex, concave die relative motion and sheet metal bending deformation, resulting in sheet metal convex, concave die, then separate, bending concave die ejector (or on the bending side slider) launch, complete bending movement. The stripper plate and plunger sport is very crucial, in order to guarantee the quality or production efficiency bending, must first control stripper plate motion, let it before the punch and sheet metal contact, and pressure material force must be enough, or bend a size accuracy is poor, flatness bad; Secondly, shall ensure that plunger force enough to allow it successfully launched, otherwise the bending parts bending parts, production efficiency, and low deformation. For the higher accuracy bending parts, should pay special attention to point, had better be in bending movement, will have a movement of all relevant parts, namely dead spots to touch death. Answer people then 2009-05-12 supplement Some workpieces bending shape is strange, or bending hind cannot according to normal way off from the concave die, at this moment, often need to use inclined wedge structure or resale structure, for example, adopt bevel wedge structure, can be completed in less than 90 degrees or back, the hook type bending recognition structure can realize cylinder parts once moldings. What is worth mentioning, for some shell parts, such as computer floppy drive enclosure, because its curved edge longer, elbow and sheet metal bending the sliding, in between, it is easy to wipe out hair debris, materials galvanized layer falls off, frequent polishing curved punch effect is not ideal. It is usually the bending the punch of titanium coating, improve its smoothness and wear resistance; Or in bending the punch R horn place the elbow and embedded roller, sheet metal bending sliding into rolling, due to the rolling friction than sliding much smaller, so not easy scratches workpiece. 5. In deep drawing mould mechanical movement control and use Deep drawing technology, the basic motion is stripper plate first and sheet metal contact and pressure of the punch descend to jail, metal contact, and continues to fall into the concave die, convex, concave die and relative motion, resulting in sheet metal forming, then sheet metal volume convex, concave die separate, concave die the workpiece slider launched, complete deep drawing movement. The stripper plate and the slider sport very key, in order to ensure the quality of drawing parts, we must control the stripper plate motion, let it before the punch and sheet metal contact, and pressure material force should be enough, or drawing parts easy corrugate, even burst; Secondly shall ensure that slider pressure enough dies.the, in order to ensure that the drawing parts underside of flatness. Deep drawing composite modulus design is reasonable, can be a very good control structure motion process, achieve more processes combination of purpose. For example the typical blanking pull deep edge punching composite die design. In addition, some decorations and necessities of drawing parts need to have edge (or margin) process, the mold design of roller structure used to also edge, so in the process of rolling friction is very small, not easy scratches the surface of workpiece. For those who need in the motor rotate pull in the height of the deep structure, trimming, beating degree requirements for quite high, and need in the mold design special rotary cutting structure, rotating (cut) movement trimming, can not only ensure the size of trimming the high precision, even cutting-type punching grain and burr is also quite beautiful. What is worth mentioning, the rotary cutting structure in actual improved design, have very easy to mould processing production, and have been using a prototype of deep drawing mould. 6. Continuous mould in the control and use mechanical movement Continuous often also includes the mold cutting, bending and deep drawing, and etc, so the stamping stamping process in the process of mechanical motion also included this three kinds of craft basic motion mode of motion control continuous mould, basic technology shall be divided into each respectively control. Usually required for mould pressing speed accelerated ceaselessly, improve the production efficiency, and some shape is more complex, more special stamping, its stamping movement is time-consuming, in continuous mold design of high efficiency can be decomposed into the stamping movement. For example, engineering expansion bolt in successive cylinder parts in the mould design can be decomposed into both sides cylinder molding movement among 90 degrees of arc bending 60 degrees arc bending whole roundness correction four arms round processes, not only improve efficiency, also can guarantee the stamping roundness. It must be pointed out that continuous mold because in actual production of also involves blowback device etc, tape feeder, should be considered in the design to these factors, let punch, mould, feeding and the movement in time blowback device with good, continuous mould can really smooth production. Although various craft basic principle of movement is different, but also have in common, is unloading board (or the slider) sport is important control factors. In fact, in the mold design, product of stamping process cant all like various craft basic motion that simple, shall according to the specific circumstances of product craft ready to motion analysis, and then further design on. For product craft sport in analyzing, should mainly be considering its necessity, timeliness, feasibility, still should be creative. Necessity is refers to the use basic motion principle judgment needed those motion to realize product craft; Timeliness is refers to the movement of the sequence of needed; Feasibility means can pass structure design and mechanical design to achieve the required exercise; Creativity is the foregoing movement in could not be fulfilled or sports cannot fully realized product craft circumstances, be good at the bold use a new way to efforts to achieve product craft, also is the mechanical movement in front of the said flexibility. Stamping process is various mechanical motion, and all kinds of mechanical motion, stamping process realization and the influence of the stamping quality also each are not identical, thus in the stamping mould design of mechanical motion control and flexible application design level and guarantee to improve stamping quality to have the important meaning.冲模的机械运动分析在冲压过程中，机械运动贯穿始终。各种冲压工艺的实现都有其基本运动机理，这种运动是与模具密切相关的，各种模具的结构设计和力学设计最终都是为了满足其能够实现特定运动的要求。设计的模具能否严格完成实现冲压工艺所需的运动，直接影响到冲压件的品质，所以在模具设计中应对机械运动进行控制。同时为了达到产品形状尺寸的要求，不能够拘泥或局限于各种工艺基本运动模式中，而应不断发展和创新，在模具设计中对机械运动灵活运用。关键词：冲压模具设计，机械运动，控制，灵活运用1.引言 本论文是以冲压工艺学基本理论为依据，通过对各种冲压工艺基本运动的分析，提出了对冲压模具设计的要求。首先阐述冲压过程中，机械运动的基本概念，然后逐项分析了冲裁、弯曲、拉深工艺的基本运动机理，指出模具设计中应着重控制到的内容，并介绍了在模具设计中对机械运动灵活运用的方法和一些实例。最后总结了根据具体情况进行产品工艺运动分析的方法，并强调在模具设计中，对机械运动的控制和灵活运用对提高设计水平和保证冲压件品质的重要意义。2.冲压过程中机械运动的概述 冷冲压就是将各种不同规格的板料或坯料，利用模具和冲压设备（压力机，又名冲床）对其施加压力，使之产生变形或分离，获得一定形状、尺寸和性能的零件。一般生产都是采用立式冲床，因而决定了冲压过程的主运动是上下运动，另外，还有模具与板料和模具中各结构件之间的各种相互运动。机械运动可分为滑动、转动和滚动等三种基本运动形式，在冲压过程中都存在，但是各种运动形式的特点不同，对冲压的影响也各不相同。既然冲压过程存在如此多样的运动，在冲压模具设计中就应该对各种运动进行严格控制，以达到模具设计的要求；同时，在设计中还应当根据具体情况，灵活运用各种机械运动，以达到产品的要求。冲压过程的主运动是上下运动，但是在模具中设计斜楔结构、转销结构、滚轴结构和旋切结构等，可以相应把主运动转化为水平运动、模具中的转动和模具中的滚动。在模具设计中这些特殊结构是比较复杂和困难，成本也较高，但是为了达到产品的形状、尺寸要求，却不失为一种有效的解决方法。3.冲裁模具中机械运动的控制和运用 冲裁工艺的基本运动是卸料板先与板料接触并压牢，凸模下降至与板料接触并继续下降进入凹模，凸、凹模及板料产生相对运动导致板料分离，然后凸、凹模分开，卸料板把工件或废料从凸模上推落，完成冲裁运动。卸料板的运动是非常关键的，为了保证冲裁的质量，必须控制卸料板的运动，一定要让它先于凸模与板料接触，并且压料力要足够，否则冲裁件切断面质量差，尺寸精度低，平面度不良，甚至模具寿命减少。按通常的方法设计落料冲孔模具，往往冲压后工件与废料边难以分开。在不影响工件质量的前提下，可以采用在凸凹模卸料板上增加一些凸出的限位块，以使落料冲孔运动完成后，凹模卸料板先把工件从凹模中推出，然后凸凹模卸料板再把废料也从凸凹模上推落，这样一来，工件与废料也就自然分开了。对于一些有局部凸起的较大的冲压件，可以在落料冲孔模的凹模卸料板上增加压型凸模，同时施加足够的弹簧力，以保证卸料板上压型凸模与板料接触时先使材料变形达到压型目的，再继续落料冲孔运动，往往可以减少一个工步的模具，降低成本。 有些冲孔模具的冲孔数量很多，需要很大冲压力，对冲压生产不利，甚至无足够吨位的冲床，有一个简单的方法，是采用不同长度的24批冲头，在冲压时让冲孔运动分时进行，可以有效地减小冲裁力。对那些在弯曲面上有位置精度要求高的孔（例如对侧弯曲上两孔的同心度等）的冲压件，如果先冲孔再弯曲是很难达到孔位要求的，必须设计斜楔结构，在弯曲后再冲孔，利用水平方向的冲孔运动可以达到目的。对那些翻边、拉深高度要求较严需要做修边工序的，也可以采用类似的结构设计。4.弯曲模具中机械运动的控制和运用 弯曲工艺的基本运动是卸料板先与板料接触并压死，凸模下降至与板料接触，并继续下降进入凹模，凸、凹模及板料产生相对运动，导致板料变形折弯，然后凸、凹模分开，弯曲凹模上的顶杆（或滑块）把弯曲边推出，完成弯曲运动。卸料板及顶杆的运动是非常关键的，为了保证弯曲的质量或生产效率，必须首先控制卸料板的运动，让它先于凸模与板料接触，并且压料力一定要足够，否则弯曲件尺寸精度差，平面度不良；其次，应确保顶杆力足够，以使它顺利地把弯
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