【机械类毕业论文中英文对照文献翻译】刮板输送机断链故障分析及防范措施
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机械类毕业论文中英文对照文献翻译
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【机械类毕业论文中英文对照文献翻译】刮板输送机断链故障分析及防范措施,机械类毕业论文中英文对照文献翻译,机械类,毕业论文,中英文,对照,文献,翻译,输送,机断链,故障,分析,防范措施
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英文原文Analysis and Precautions of Chain BreakageFailure of Scraper Conveyors1. ForewordScraper conveyor the fault, the failure to bound rupture the most prominent, and deal with the time spent by the labor intensity and also the largest. Maintenance often found that the chain of serious wear, the end of a chain of non-normal damage and a pit, and other phenomena. This paper analyses the reasons for the failure occurred, by preventive measures.2. analysisAccording to statistics, in the normal production of fully mechanized coal face, scraper conveyor chain conveyor failure time about the failure of more than 40 percent of the time. Ring linked bound rupture major fault caused by the following aspects(1) improper installation1) in the double-stranded different lengths. Under normal circumstances, single 200 kW power both in the use of double-stranded form, the new procurement scraper conveyor chain at the initial stage when there is no inconsistency in the length of the chain problem, because after the use of conveyor-bending level was advancing, through the chain A longer period of time after use,In the lateral (side-wall coal face) relative elongation of the chain, concentrated load, the heavy start-up occurred when bound rupture vulnerable. When the conveyor face again the next installation, assembly chain may be confusing, if short-chain installed in the lateral and medial in the long-chain equipment, conveyor work will result in biting sprocket chain, with a loose chain Sprocket was bitten and seriously so that when the chain pull off.2) chain link seam down. For the double-stranded conveyor at the time of installation in the Central Weld legislation must be progressive, to reduce wear Weld, extended chain link life; chain link Weld and reduce the friction and wear of the plate. However, in actual use, since the chain link wrong equipment, chain link seam down, and the frequent occurrence bound rupture fault.3) the use of short-scraper. As manufacturing quality problems or wear overrun by the use of the scraper, which, resulting in failure to stop production.4) rack deformation. Sprocket and rack itself allowed the rocky ledge of 5 mm, but the actual rocky ledge in excess of this value, sprocket and chain link connection is bad, a point contact, causing ring linked with the arc of Waterloo sprocket chain of non-normal wear and tear , A pit.5) nose to install high enough. When the nose to install high enough, the head drum Coal Unloader not due to the net, at the end of floating coal will be linked into the groove (that is, turn coal), an increase of the conveyor running resistance and increase the chain, the chute wear, So that the chain tension increased, bound rupture.(2) the use of improper maintenance1) sprocket transition wear. According to a point of order, 22 mm pitch of the biggest sprocket wear should be 6 mm (with the roundabout at sprocket chain-linked ring on the inspection and wheel above the distance), six months after the sprocket should use the nose, tail Sprocket to swap. However, in actual use, because of maintenance and use of cost considerations, the sprocket wear still in use, ring linked through the chain wheel when the slide because of the relative squeeze caused friction with the arc of the chain ring wear, and linked Waterloo Ring linked connection is bad, sprocket chain and ring pitch from the chain of non-aggravated the normal wear and tear.2) chain too tight or too loose. Tight at the beginning of the chain tension adjustment is too large, impact on conveyor normal work, shorten the chain of life, exacerbated by the board in the chain and wear, especially when the scratch card scraper, so that the chain elongation. When the chain-scraper, under the nose of a scraper sprocket chain piled up in the chain to interfere with, or even bite chain.3) and vertical degrees of bending gauge. Conveyor passage in the process, the level of the overrun is often due to face rugged, vertical degrees can not be fully guaranteed. Under such circumstances, the inevitable wear ring linked the increase of chain elongation increase.4) fault encountered at the engine frame. As the underground working conditions constantly changing, Shearer cut off layer, cut parting cases have occurred, then the waste water mixed with a cement-like, scraper, and the chain plate in the role of friction, wear the chain of intensified, More than normal wear and tear of coal condition, Sawtooth Central, Weld life cut short, the whole chain of life decline.5) Other damage. Electrical overload started, the running load will cause damage to link Central and bound rupture; began production in the face, cut in the bolt, metal scrap, etc. into the chute, resulting in biting card bound rupture; tight chain method is not correct , Will cause tension gauge and bound rupture(3) quality is not highCircle chain design load is about the broken scraper can withstand the tension about 10 times that in normal circumstances great safety factor, is not going to happen the bound rupture. However, due to various reasons, the ring chain (Sawtooth Central) less than the quality of standards, resulting in the production chain in the ring in bound rupture3 Ring linked Circle as a scraper conveyor chain of traction, its tensile strength directly related to the reliability of. At present, Chinas largest ring linked to 42 mm 146mm compact chain, tensile strength of 2270 kN, the largest foreign ring linked to 48 mm 152mm compact chain, tensile strength of 3550 kN. With the ring linked the increasing size of the central trough of higher and higher, conveyor magnificent performance declined, the gateway if not thorough clean-up will also affect passage of conveyor. So ring linked the direction of development is to improve tensile strength and reduce the high degree of Central legislation.3.1 Materials and Technology In order to improve the roundabout chain of tensile strength, the current foreign Grade C and D-linked ring in the large-sized materials with 23 MnNiCrMo54, 23MnNiCrMo54 and 23 MnNiCrMo64 scouring steel, tensile strength limit 1600 1800 MPa. Welding Technology: the use of advanced welding equipment, welding and the use of flash returns processing technology, successfully resolved the surfacing of the process of overheating, such as a burning issue. In quality testing, the use of scanning stretch fracture fracture of cables used to pre-tension ring linked to strengthen technology, greatly enhancing the carrying capacity and fatigue.3.2 form and geometry In 1985 the first to create a company 38 mm 137mm flat chain. Flat is linked each of the chain is still ring-Central, Central was squeezed the flat ring. Flat chain link sliding work to reduce the size of the increase in the chain of slot pressure on the units and improve the legislation of the Central wear resistance; reduce its high level of the chain more easily through the sprocket, but can also reduce the capacity of power transmission and Bays of a high degree. Modern high-performance conveyor are generally involved in supporting a flat chain. Figure 5 conventional chain and a new wide-body linked flatIn 2003, the company has developed a wide-body at a flat linked, as shown in Figure 5. It is a high-intensity, low-chain, has the following characteristics: using this chain can reduce the high scraper chain, thereby reducing the central trough height, eventually reduce the use of high-mining, coal mining to meet thin. using this chain can reduce the use of power, or power in the same circumstances, increase the length of face, it will greatly reduce the workload of opening up, reducing the number of face move. this forging of wide-body flat link chain has increased the contact area, can improve the chain link at the same time reduce the intensity of the wear and helps to maintain the rigidity of chain link. Such as a flat 42 mm chain can take 2 855kW of installed power, and 50 mm wide-body flat can be linked up to 3 1000kW bear the installed power.3.3 intelligent conveyor chain As unable to accurately predict the failure of the chain, according to conventional practices are generally ahead of the replacement of the chain. In 2005 a company with a number of research institutes to study the development of a conveyor chain-detection system, as shown in Figure 6. This is a combination of integrated sensor technology of intelligent conveyor chain, it will stress the chain of real-time record, the help of micro-electronics technology devices, from computers that the chain of life remaining before the fracture. It also can detect the preloads of the chain, is conducive to life during the period in the chain to achieve the best use of state, improve safety and avoid accidents.4. bound rupture fault approach(1) off on the single-chain: a single chain on bound rupture, the first clean pile of coal on the conveyor, reversing open space will be open to the bound rupture near the tail, and then use the brake, linked resistance (or monomer Pillar), and other tools so that the chain has some margin, with links connecting the ring will be broken;(2) off the double-stranded: in the double-stranded bound rupture, the first clean conveyor on the heap of coal, materials, winch wire rope leash on the lower part of the first chain to pull the tail direction, with open space will be reversed to open the bound rupture Near the tail, and then use the brake, linked resistance (or single prop), and other tools so that the chain has some margin, with links connecting the ring will be broken, or prepared the same length of the chain will bound rupture replaced;(3) off the double-stranded: in the double-stranded bound rupture, the first clean conveyor on the heap of coal, from the estimated bound rupture open multiple skylights to find bound rupture position; materials Road winch wire rope from the tail of the first lower plate Nose to the direction of penetration, with skylights, has been sent to wire rope bound rupture, leash on the lower part of the first chain to pull the tail direction, with open space vehicles will be bound rupture Department is open to the vicinity of the tail,Recycling-oriented chain pulley will be led by the head to the tail of the board above the trough of the transition; reuse winch wire rope will lead to decapitation above the tail, and then use the brake, linked resistance (or single prop), and other tools so that the chain Have a certain margin, with links connecting the ring will be broken, or prepared the same length of the chain will bound rupture replacement.5. bound rupture fault preventive measures(1) strictly control the quality of the installation1) installation, they should point-components, according to the order to install loading transport, to prevent the components were insufficient to replace the old;2) all eyes on the face plate processing (in particular, will be cleared of scrap metal) to determine the nose, tail position, while the installation of the nose should be set aside or highly processed to meet the mounting height to prevent the installation of the wrong location Need to co-opt parts, or for unloading high enough damage to the chain;3) require the installation of the equipment, fastening bolts scraper, with the anti-chain, the scraper must be reworked;4) The installation process is prohibited frequent point vehicles, to avoid components, parts damaged.(2) to enhance equipment maintenance and management1) equipment in the operation to eliminate the use of unqualified chain link ring;2) the strict requirements of pushing wandering step over and over bending; Shearer asked the driver to control roof and floor to prevent a floor-level, to prevent conveyor overload;3) when the chain tight to prevent the chain too tight or too loose;4) the use of the old chain, such as the length of the chain should be tied up in pairs to use, if unable to find the same length of chain, the long chain can be disconnected from the two bundled into use, ranging from the length of the chain mix is prohibited, prohibited the use of breaking strength Not enough chain;5) of the periodic maintenance sentinel system, as required periodic replacement of the tail sprocket nose, to reduce the wear chain and sprocket.(3) improve the quality of technical workers, according to many years of experience, who after training in the installation of the work of the staff, efficient and reworked the low rate, the conveyor failure rate is also low. Therefore only strengthen training and improve the quality of technical workers, in order to prevent the occurrence of an abnormal failure to reduce the incidence of insecurity and improve the economic benefits of coal mine production.中文译文 刮板输送机断链故障分析及防范措施1. 前言刮板输送机出现的故障中,以断链故障最为突出,处理时所花费的时间及劳动强度也最大。检修经常会发现链条严重磨损、链条外端部有非正常损坏并出现凹坑等现象。本文分析故障发生的原因,提出防范措施。2.分析据统计,在正常生产的综采工作面,刮板输送机链条故障时间约占输送机总故障时间的40%以上。圆环链断链故障主要由以下几个方面引起:(1) 安装不当1) 中双链长短不一。一般情况下,单机功率200kW时均采用中双链形式,新采购的刮板输送机链条在初期使用时不存在链条长短不一致的问题,使用后由于输送机呈台阶形弯曲推进,链条经过较长一段时间的使用后,处于外侧(工作面煤壁侧)的链条相对伸长,集中载荷,在重载起动时极易发生断链。当该输送机在下一个工作面再次安装使用时,链条可能混乱装配,如果短链装在外侧,长链装在内侧,输送机工作时将造成外链过紧咬链轮、内链过松被链轮咬,严重时使链条拉断。2) 链环焊缝向下。对于中双链输送机在安装时立环焊缝必须向上,以减少焊缝磨损,延长链环寿命;并可减少链环焊缝对中板的摩擦磨损。但在实际使用中,由于链环错装,链环焊缝向下,而发生频繁断链故障。3) 使用短刮板。由于制造质量问题或因使用磨损超限的刮板,致使,造成故障而停止生产。4) 机架变形。链轮与机架本身允许有5mm的窜动量,但当实际窜动量超过此值,链轮与链环接触不良,出现点接触,造成圆环链圆弧段与链轮链窝的非正常磨损,出现凹坑。5) 机头安装高度不够。当机头安装高度不够时,机头滚筒由于卸煤不净,底链将浮煤拉入下槽(即回头煤) ,增加了输送机的运行阻力,增大了链条、溜槽的磨损量,使链条张力增大,断链。(2) 使用维护不当1) 链轮过渡磨损。根据规程,节距22mm的链轮最大磨损量应6mm (用圆环链平置于链轮上检查圆环链上面与轮毂的距离) ,链轮使用半年后应将机头、机尾链轮进行调换。但在实际使用中,由于考虑维修和使用成本、磨损严重的链轮仍在使用,圆环链在通过链轮时由于相对滑动摩擦与挤压而造成圆环链圆弧段磨损,链窝与圆环链接触不良、链轮与圆环链节距不等加剧了链条的非正常磨损。2) 链子过紧或过松。在紧链时初张力调整过大,影响输送机正常工作,缩短了链条的使用寿命,加剧了链条与中板的磨损量,特别是当刮板被刮卡时,使外链伸长。当刮板链过松时,在机头链轮下造成刮板链条堆积,发生与链条干涉,甚至啃咬链条。3) 弯曲度和垂直度超限。输送机在推移过程中,水平度超限是经常发生的; 由于工作面凹凸不平,垂直度也不能完全保证。在这种情况下,圆环链必然磨损增大,外链伸长加大。4) 遇到断层时拉矸石。由于井下工作条件的不断变化,采煤机割断层、割夹矸情况时有发生,此时的矸石与水相混合形成水泥状,在刮板、链条与中板摩擦作用下,链条磨损加剧,磨损量超过正常运煤工况,锯齿环、焊缝寿命减短,链条整体寿命下降。5) 其它损坏。电机过负荷启动、过负荷运行将造成链接环损坏而断链;在工作面开始生产时,切眼内的锚杆、金属废料等拉入溜槽,造成蹩卡而断链;紧链方法不正确,也会造成张紧力超限而断链。(3) 质量不高圆环链设计的破断载荷约为刮板可承受拉力的10倍左右,在正常情况下安全系数很大,是不会发生断链的。但由于种种原因,圆环链(锯齿环)的质量达不到标准,致使在生产中圆环链发生断链。3圆环链圆环链作为刮板输送机的牵引机构，其抗拉强度直接关系到整机的可靠性。目前，国产圆环链最大到42mm146mm紧凑链，抗拉强度为2270kN，国外圆环链最大到48mm152mm紧凑链，抗拉强度为3550kN。随着圆环链尺寸的不断增大，中部槽也越来越高，输送机壮美效果随之下降，回采巷道如果清理不彻底还会影响推移输送机。所以圆环链的发展方向是提高抗拉强度和降低立环高度。3.1材料及工艺为了提高圆环链的抗拉强度，目前国外C级和D级大规格圆环链在材料方面用23MnNiCrMo54，23MnNiCrMo54和23MnNiCrMo64精练钢，拉伸强度极限16001800MPa。焊接工艺方面：采用先进的堆焊设备，采用闪光堆焊和退货加工工艺，成功地解决了堆焊过程中产生的过热、过烧等问题。在质量检测方面，对啦伸断口利用扫描电缆进行断口分析；采用圆环链预拉伸强化工艺，极大提高了承载能力和疲劳强度。3.2形式与几
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