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【机械类毕业论文中英文对照文献翻译】灭茬机常见故障九种,机械类毕业论文中英文对照文献翻译,机械类,毕业论文,中英文,对照,文献,翻译,灭茬,常见故障

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附录灭茬机常见故障九种 一、灭茬机在作业过程中，拖拉机冒黑烟并伴有打滑等现象，这是由于灭茬机负荷过载所致。负荷过重主要由于灭茬深度太大、土壤粘重或过硬而造成的。遇此情况应适当减少耕深或耕幅，或者将挡位调低，降低机组的前进速度。 二、灭茬机作业过程中出现跳动、抖动现象，是由于刀片没有按照使用说明书进行安装或因土壤坚硬等原因引起的。遇此情况因停机检查刀片的安装情况，若刀片装错，应予以纠正。若土壤坚硬应降低机组的前进速度，或增加机组的作业次数；第一遍先浅耕，第二遍再将灭茬机调到预定深度，以满足耕深要求。三、灭茬机作业质量出现问题。间断抛出大块土坷垃或成条出现大土块。间断抛出大土块是由于灭茬机刀片弯曲变形、折断、丢失或严重磨损所致，应视具体情况予以矫正、焊接或更换新刀片；成条出现大土块是由于机手操作不当引起，因为相邻作业衔接不好，出现轻微漏耕现象，遇此情况，应告诫驾驶员，作业时衔接行应有510厘米的衔接区。 四、灭茬后地面出现凹凸不平现象。这是由于机组前进速度与灭茬刀轴的转速搭配不当引起，应降低挡位作业，若质量仍无改观，应停机检查，找出原因，予以解决。五、齿轮箱内有杂音。可以从以下几个方面进行检查：齿轮箱内有无异物，伞形齿轮间隙调整是否得当，轴承有无损坏，齿轮有无“掉牙”现象。应根据检查的具体情况予以排除、修理。六、作业过程中，灭茬机刀轴突然出现转不动或转动明显不如前灵活，很可能是由于齿轮箱内齿轮损坏而咬死、轴承碎裂咬死、刀轴侧板变形、刀轴弯曲变形、刀轴缠草堵泥严重或因齿轮、轴承损坏引起伞齿轮无齿侧间隙等原因引起。应仔细检查各部分，并根据实际情况，排除故障。七、灭茬作业中有金属碰撞声和敲击声，可能由如下原因引起的：传动齿轮过松与传动箱体相碰；刀轴两端刀片、左支臂或传动箱体变形后相互碰撞；刀片固定螺丝松动等。找出原因，调整链条，矫正或更换零部件，拧紧固定螺栓。八、齿轮箱漏油是由于油封、纸垫损坏或箱体有裂纹造成的。排除方法是更换损坏或老化的油封、纸垫，修复或更换箱体等。九、拖板链条折断是由于运输过程中未升到预定高度，链条拉得不紧所致。修复链条，在运输过程中将其固定到最高位置并拉紧链条。在我国，目前的驱动型耕作机械产品有灭茬机及复式作业机、驱动式圆盘犁、耕耙犁、水田驱动耙、立式转齿耙等，但产量比较大的主要是旋耕机。当前，批量生产和推广使用的22764kW手扶拖拉机和乘坐式拖拉机配套旋耕机三大系列145种产品。90年代以来，国内又研制了一批旋耕复式作业机具新产品，逐步投放市场。现在，国内大中拖配套旋耕机保有量约15万台，手拖和小四轮配套旋耕机约200万台。旋耕机在南方水稻生产机械化应用中已占80比例，北方的水稻生产、蔬菜种植和旱地灭茬整地也广泛采用了旋耕机械。南稻北移，种植面积迅速增加，扩大了对旋耕机械的市场需求。水稻是高产作物，种植水稻有较高的经济效益。近年来，在我国北方实施种植结构调整，相应的农机装备结构正在发生变化，迫切需要从技术上、经济上合理配备适应水旱田作业的拖拉机及配套农机具。黑龙江垦区原以旱田种植麦豆为主，并以传统的旱地铧式犁与其配套的圆盘耙、平地机、耢地机等作为耕整地机具。1993年，拥有旋耕机仅1631台，而当年水稻种植面积为1500万亩，显然不知识水稻生产的发展。近10年来，黑龙江垦区大量购进手扶拖拉机和上海50等中型轮式拖拉机及配套的旋耕。农业产业化、集约化、规模化经营需要大型高效旋耕机械。随着我国农业产业化和适度规模经营的发展，对大中型农业机械的市场需求也日渐增大。不仅是农垦系统国营之农场，而且乡村农机服务站又及个体的农机专业户，也需要更新和添置大中型农业机械。对黑龙江垦区的调查表明，近年大量购置的水田耕整地机械已由中小功率拖拉机旋耕机组变化为铁牛654和LF80904WD等大中功率轮式拖拉机及配套旋耕机。农机专业户使用这些大中型机械从事机耕服务，一般12年可回收本金，有诱人的经济效益。 附录（英文翻译） The rotary cultivator common fault of nine Rotary tiller during operation, tractor black smoke with slip phenomenon, which is due to the rotary tiller overloading. Overloading mainly due to the rotary tiller depth is too large, heavy clay soil or excellent. If this happens should be appropriate to reduce the tillage depth or Working width or lower the gear to reduce the forward speed of the unit. During the operation of the rotary tiller appear jerky, jitter phenomenon is caused because the blade did not follow the manual installation or hard soil. In this case the result of the installation of stop and check the blade, blade installed wrong, and should be corrected. If the soil is hard and should reduce the forward speed of the unit, or to increase the number of unit operations; shallow plowing first pass, second pass and then rotary tiller transferred to a predetermined depth, tillage depth to meet the requirements. , Rotary tiller job quality problems. Intermittent throw the bulk soil Ke La, or large clods. Intermittent throw clods rotary tiller blade bending deformation, broken, lost or badly worn, as the case may be corrected, welding or replacement blade; into big clods is caused due to improper operation of the machine in hand , convergence area adjacent on connection with bad the slight leakage farming phenomenon, In this case, the driver should be warned, the convergence operating line should be 5 to 10 cm. , Rotary ground after the uneven phenomenon. This is due to the the unit forward speed and Rotary Blade shaft speed mismatches caused lower gear operation, should stop to check to find out the causes to be addressed if the quality is still no change. Fifth, the gear box noise. Can be checked from the following aspects: gear box without foreign body, bevel gears gap to adjust it properly, bearing for damage and whether the gear out teeth phenomenon. Be excluded should be based on the specific circumstances of the inspection, repair. 6, during the operation, rotary tiller blade shaft suddenly would not turn in or turn was not as good as pre-flexible, is likely to be killed due to damage to the gear box gear, bearing fragmentation killed, knife shaft side plate deformation, the knife shaft bending deformation, knife shaft is wrapped around the grass blocking mud serious or bearing damage caused due to gear, bevel gear backlash causes. Each part should be carefully examined, according to the actual situation, troubleshooting. Rotary operating sound of metal crash and percussion, which may be caused by the following reasons: the drive chain is too loose and the transmission box collide; deformation of the shaft at both ends of the knife blade, left arm or transmission box. collision; blade screws loose. Find out why, adjust the chain, correction or replacement parts, unscrew the bolts firmly. The eight gearbox oil spill oil seal, paper pad is damaged or the box cracks caused. Remedy is to replace damaged or aging oil seals, paper pads, repair, or replacement of the box. IX carriage broken chain is not scheduled to rise to the height of the transport process, pull the chain Undertightening the due. Repair chain during transport is fixed to the highest position and tensioning the chain. In China, the current-driven farming machinery products rotary tiller and duplex operation, the driven disc plow, Reciprocating harrow, paddy harrows, vertical turn tooth harrow, but the yield is the relatively large rotary tiller . Currently, mass production and promote the use of 2.2 to 76.4kW walking tractor and ride-on tractor rotary tiller three series of 145 kinds of products. Since the 1990s, the country has developed a number of rotary tiller duplex operation tools with new products, and gradually put on the market. Now, the domestic large and medium-sized drag supporting rotary tiller to maintain about 15 million units, the Trolley and small four-wheel supporting rotary tiller about 200 million units. Rotary tiller in the Southern rice production mechanization applications accounted for 80% of the northern rice production, vegetable cultivation and dry stubble soil preparation with a wide range of Rotary Machinery. Southern rice the north, the area under cultivation increased rapidly expanding market demand for rotary tillage machinery. Rice is a high-yielding crops, planting rice has a higher economic efficiency. In recent years, the implementation of the planting structure adjustment in the north of China, the farm machinery and equipment structure is changing, there is an urgent need to technically and economically reasonable job with the adaptation to water upland tractors and related farm machinery. Heilongjiang reclamation area was originally planted to upland wheat bean-based, and the the traditional dryland plow its support of the disc harrow, graders, Lao and machine as tillage to machinery. In 1993, with only 1631 units rotary tiller, and the rice cultivation area of 1,500 hectares, is clearly not the knowledge of rice production development. The past 10 years, Heilongjiang reclamation area to buy lots of walking tractor and 50 medium-sized wheeled tractors and related Rotary. The industrialization of agriculture, intensive, large-scale operation requires large and efficient rotary tillage machinery. With the development of Chinas agricultural industrialization and the appropriate scale of operation, an