高考英语大一轮复习 语法精讲突破系列（八）课件 新人教版必修4.ppt

语法精讲突破系列(八)非谓语动词动词-ed形式和动词不定式,用所给动词正确的非谓语形式填空1.(2013天津高考)insomelanguages,100wordsmakeuphalfofallwords_(use)indailyconversations.2.(2013湖南高考)youcannotacceptanopinion_(offer)toyouunlessitisbasedonfacts.3.(2013新课标全国卷)theymightjusthaveaplace_(leave)onthewritingcoursewhydontyougiveitatry?,used,offered,left,4.(2013陕西高考)thewitnesses_(question)bythepolicejustnowgaveverydifferentdescriptionsofthefight.5.(2013湖北高考)wheniworkonthefarmlandinthedaytime,ialwayskeepmysheep_(tie)toatreeontheriverbank.6.(2013江西高考)if_(ask)tolookafterluggageforsomeoneelse,informthepoliceatonce.7.(2013重庆高考)theenginejustwontstart.somethingseems_(go)wrongwithit.,questioned,tied,asked,tohavegone,8.(2013北京高考)volunteeringgivesyouachance_(change)lives,includingyourown.9.(2013四川高考)theairport_(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.10.(2013陕西高考)letthoseinneed_(understand)thatwewillgoallouttohelpthem.11.(2013山东高考)istoppedthecar_(take)ashortbreakasiwasfeelingtired.12.(2012广东高考)maryfelt_(please),becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom.,tochange,tobecompleted,understand,totake,pleased,【加固训练】用所给动词正确的非谓语形式填空1.(2011湖北高考)itwascoldanddamp,themanpulleduphiscollarandputhishandstohis_(freeze)face.2.(2012山东高考)aftercompletingandsigningit,pleasereturntheformtousintheenvelope_(provide).3.(2012浙江高考)“itssuchaniceplace,”mothersaidasshesatatthetable_(reserve)forcustomers.,frozen,provided,reserved,4.(2011福建高考)tsinghuauniversity,_(found)in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.5.(2012湖北高考)withmoreandmoreforests_(cut)down,someanimalsarefacingthedangerofdyingout.6.(2012湖北高考)popularly_(regard)asoneofthebestamericanfilmsevermade,thegodfatherisamilestoneofcinema.7.(2012湖南高考)time,_(use)correctly,ismoneyinthebank.,founded,cut,regarded,used,8.(2011北京高考)itsimportantforthefigures_(update)regularly.9.(2009湖北高考)whenyouarefinishedwiththeelectriciron,dontforget_(turn)itoff.10.(2012湖南高考)wevehadagoodstart,butnext,moreworkneeds_(do)toachievethefinalsuccess.11.(2011辽宁高考)twentystudentswanttoattendtheclassthataimstoteachhow_(read)fast.12.(2010湖北高考)aftershecompletestheproject,shellhavenothing_(worry)about.,tobeupdated,toturn,tobedone,toread,toworry,13.(2011上海春招)harrisonfordisthoughttobeoneofthefewmoviestars_(work)asacarpenterbefore.14.(2011天津高考)passengersarepermitted_(carry)onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.15.(2011福建高考)thedifferenceinthicknessandweightfromtheearlierversionmakestheipad2morecomfortable_(hold).,tohaveworked,tocarry,to,hold,16.(2011湖北高考)anumberofpaintingsinthiscastlearebelieved_(destroy)inafirein2009.17.(2012江西高考)havingfinishedherproject,shewasinvitedbytheschool_(speak)tothenewstudents.18.(2012全国卷)theoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisioneveryevening,happy_(watch)anythingthathappenedtobeon.,tohavebeendestroyed,tospeak,towatch,一、动词-ed形式考点1动词-ed形式的4大句法功能,考点2动词-ed形式的几个注意事项,二、动词不定式考点动词不定式的6种句法功能1.作主语和表语(1)不定式作主语，往往用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式放在句子的后面。itsnecessaryforyoutolockthecarwhenyoudonotuseit.不用时把车锁好对你来说是很有必要的。(2)不定式可放在be动词后面，作表语，表示主语的“职业、职责和性质”。myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.我的工作是每天打扫那个房间。,2.作宾语(1)不定式可以作某些动词的宾语。常见的有：afford,agree,ask,decide,desire,pretend,plan,intend,refuse,wish,want等。shewishestobeamusician.她想成为一名音乐家。,(2)不定式在介词but,except,besides后面时，如果介词之前为动词do的某种形式，则不定式省略to，否则带to。此外，cannotchoosebut和cannothelpbut,cannotbut等后面的不定式也省略to。shecoulddonothingbutwait.她除了等外无事可做。,(3)不定式作动词的宾语，其后跟补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式后置。imakeitaruletoreadenglisheverymorning.每天早上读英语是我的一贯做法。(4)tell,show,understand,know,explain,teach,learn,advise,discuss等动词后可跟“疑问词+不定式”。canyoutellmewhattodonext?你能告诉我下一步该做什么吗？,3作定语(1)不定式与所修饰的词之间存在动宾关系，如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,后面就要有相应的介词。但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time,place或way时，不定式后面的介词习惯上可省去。(2010山东高考)ihavealotofreadingstocompletebeforetheendofthisterm.这个学期结束前，我有很多阅读练习要做。,(2)不定式与所修饰的词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。heisthefirststudenttocome.他是第一个来的学生。(3)说明所修饰的名词的内容,与该词存在同位关系。常用于chance,opportunity,time,money,decision,refusal,wish,right等词后。imustkeepthepromisetopaybackthemoneywithinamonth.我必须守诺在一月内还清钱。,4.作宾(主)语补足语(1)接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,teach,tell,order等。tellthechildrennottoplayinthestreet.告诉孩子们不要在大街上玩。,(2)动词不定式作动词feel,hear,see,watch,notice,observe等感官动词以及have,let,make等使役动词后面的宾语补足语时，不定式符号to要省略。但如果这些句子变成被动结构时，其宾语补足语便称之为主语补足语，这时必须带to。isawalittlegirlrunacrossthestreet.我看见一个小女孩跑过大街。myneighborwasheardtolockthedoor.有人听见我的邻居锁门。,(3)下列结构中用不定式作主语补足语，它们是：sb./sth.besaid/believed/known/reported/considered/found/thoughttodo/tohavedone/tobedone/tohavebeendone。moyanisconsideredtobeoneofthegreatestwriters.莫言被认为是最伟大的作家之一。,5.作状语(1)动词不定式作状语时，表示目的、结果、原因等。(2)目的状语还可以用inorderto或soasto来表示，但soasto不能置于句首;onlytodo,so.astodo和such.astodo中的不定式均作结果状语。(2010全国卷i)withfathersdayaroundthecorner,ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebanktobuypresentsformydad.父亲节将要到来，为了给爸爸买礼物我已经从银行取了一些钱。,.用所给动词正确的非谓语形式填空1.asusualtheysatatthetable_(reserve)forthemandorderedtheirlunch.2.whenhismothercamehomefromwork,hewaslyingonthesofa,_(absorb)inreadinghisbook.3.theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if_(carry)outregularly,canimproveourhealth.4.everything_(take)intoconsideration,theytookquickactiontoattacktheenemysarmy.,reserved,absorbed,carried,taken,5.withstudents_(burden)withtoomuchhomework,someeducatorsappealedtothepublictopaymoreattentiontotheirphysicalhealth.6.fully_(occupy)indoingthehomework,studentshavenotimetorelaxthemselves.7.thetventertainmentprogram,thevoiceofchina,enjoysgreatpopularity,withalargeaudience_(lose)initsliveshow.8.unlessproperly_(deal)withrightaway,thiskindofdiseasewillspreadthroughoutthecountryverysoon.,burdened,occupied,lost,dealt,9.somuchtimeandmoney_(spend),theprojectisonlyhalfdone.10.hepretended_(read)aloudinthestudywhenheheardhisfatheropenthedoor.11.iremembered_(lock)thedoorbeforeilefttheoffice,butforgottoturnoffthelights.12.theroomswereinatotalmesswhenwecamebackfromworkthehouseseemed_(break)into.13.thefarmertoldmethathisdreamwas_(invite)tosingasongatthecctvspringfestivalgala.,(havingbeen)spent,tobereading,tolock,tohavebeenbroken,tobeinvited,14.thefarmer-workerwiththebabyinherhandhurriedtothetrainstation,only_(tell)thetrainhadgonetwominutesago.15.withnoone_(turn)toforhelp,shefoundherselfinadesperatesituationthen.16.withmanystudents_(attend)hislectureabouttheendangeredanimals,theprofessorhasbeenpreparingforitalltheday.17.teachersusuallytryineverywaytheycan_(convince)usofwhattheysay.,tobetold,toturn,toattend,toconvince,18._(lower)thehouseprices,severalmeasureshavebeenadoptedinthelasttwoyears.19.theearthquakethathappenedinyaan,sichuaninaprilwasreported_(result)inthedeathofnearly200people.20.shanghaidisneylandpark,_(complete)in2015,willattracttouristsfromalloverchinathen.,to/inordertolower,tohaveresulted,tobecompleted,.语篇填空(用所给动词的适当形式填空)freudwasoneofthefirstscientists1.(make)ser