初中英语中考阅读理解ppt

,初中英语中考阅读理解,客观阅读和主观阅读,阅读理解的考察方式：,一、中考的阅读会选什么样的文章？,体裁-多样（多为记叙文、说明文、应用文，有时也有议论文）题材-丰富（小故事、日常生活/学习小窍门、文化习俗、名人轶事等）,二、客观阅读题的题目设置：,细节理解题整体概括题理解推测题,1、什么是细节理解题？,考察该文章中有关事件发生的具体细节的题目，如：时间、地点、人物、事件、方式等；,WhatWhenWhoWhereWhyHow,Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?,WilliamShakespearewasawriterofplaysandpoems.SomeofhismostfamousplaysareHamlet,RomeoandJuliet,Macbeth.Hewrotethirty-sevenplaysinall.Theyarestillpopulartoday.Shakespearewrotemanyfamousplaysexcept_.A.HamletB.MacbethC.RomeoandJulietD.ManandSuperman.(What),让我们看几个例子：,Hewasbornin1564inEngland.Atschoolhelikedwatchingplays.Hedecidedtobeanactorwhenhefinishedschoolattheageoffourteen.In1582,hemarriedafarmersdaughter.Shewaseightyearsolderthanhewas.Shakespearedecidedtobeanactorin_.A.1578B.1582C.1599D.1616(When),Theirfirstchildwasadaughter.Latertheyhadtwins.In1585,Shakespearelefthishometown,Stratford-upon-Avon.Hiswifeandchildrenstayedbehind.Nooneknowswhyheleftorwhathedidbetween1585and1592.In1585,ShakespearelefthishometownStratford-upon-Avon_.A.withhiswifeB.withhisdaughterC.aloneD.withhiswifeandchildren(Withwhom),A:anddontforgetthemilk,wehaventgotanyleft.B:Soweneedmilk,bread,chickenandeggs.Anythingelse?A:No.Waitaminute.WerehavingAnneandTonytodinneronFriday.Shedoesnteatmeat.Youdbettergetsomefish.B:OK.Seeyoulater.,Whichshoppinglistdoesthespeakertake?,1largefish,bread,4chickenthighs,2kilospork2litresmilk,1kilofreshbeef,8chickenwings,1dozeggs,1freshfish1litremilk,somebread,4chickenbreasts,1dozeggs,1kilofreshfish2litresmilk,1dozeggs,2kilosfish,1wholechickenWhichshoppinglistdoesthespeakertake?A.B.C.D.,(Which),WhattimedidMrsGreencallthepolice?,WhattimedidMrsGreencallthepolice?,At9:00a.m.B.At9:30p.m.C.At9:40p.m.D.At9:45p.m.,(Whattime),WhydoCanadiansandAmericansofteninvitefriendsformealsathome?A.Becausetheycansavetime.B.Becausetheycanspendlessmoney.C.Becausetheyenjoyentertainingathome.D.Becausetheyhavemodernandbeautifulhouses.,InCanadaandtheUnitedStates,peopleenjoyentertaining(请客)athome.Theyofteninvitefriendsoverforameal,aparty,orjustforcoffeeandconversation.,(Why),Herearethekindsofthingspeoplesaywhentheyinvitesomeonetotheirhome:“WouldyouliketocomeoverfordinnerSaturdaynight?”Sometimes,however,peopleuseexpressionsthatsoundlikeinvitationsbutwhicharenotrealinvitations.Forexample:“Pleasecomeoverforadrinksometime.”Theyarenotrealinvitationsbecausetheydontmentionaspecifictimeordate.,Whichofthefollowingisarealinvitation?,Whichofthefollowingisarealinvitation?A.“Ifyourefree,letsgoforadrinksometime.”B.“Pleasegotothecinemawithmesomeday.”C.“Wouldyouliketohaveacupofteawithussometime?”D.“Ivetwoticketshere.Canyougototheconcertwithme?”(Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?),DearSirorMadam,LastThursday,Itravledonthe8:00trainfromGlasgowtoLondonKingsCrossandIwasquiteangrywiththeserviceofyourcompany.ThetraindidntcomeontimeWehadfurtherdelaysonthewayandhadtowaitanotherthirtyminutes.Asaresult,ImissedmyplanefromLondontoFrankfurtandhadtowaitforseveralhoursYourfaithfullyDavidRobertson,HowdidDavidgotoFrankfurtfromLondon?,(How),HowdidDavidgotoFrankfurtfromLondon?,DearSirorMadam,LastThursday,Itravledonthe8:00trainfromGlasgowtoLondonKingsCrossandIwasquiteangrywiththeserviceofyourcompany.ThetraindidntcomeontimeWehadfurtherdelaysonthewayandhadtowaitanotherthirtyminutes.Asaresult,ImissedmyplanefromLondontoFrankfurtandhadtowaitforseveralhoursYourfaithfullyDavidRobertson,Byplane.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.D.Bytrain.,2、什么是整体概括题？,从文章的整体层面上设置的主观概括题，如：为本文选择一个恰当的题目、推测本文作者想要表达的意图等。,Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?Whatdoesthepassagewanttotellus?/Whatdoesthewriteractuallywanttosay?(thewritersattention)Whichisthepropertitleaccordingtothepassage?,InCanadaandtheUnitedStates,peopleenjoyentertainingathome.Theyofteninvite.Herearethekindsofthingspeoplesaywhentheyinvitesomeonetotheirhome:Sonexttimewhenyouhearwhatsoundslikeaninvitation,listencarefully.Isitarealinvitationoristhepersonjustbeingfriendly?,Thepassageismainlyabout_.A.entertainmentathomeB.realinvitationsornotC.expressionsofstartingaconversationD.waysofendingaconversation(mainidea),EachyearthereisanincreasingnumberofcarsMostAmericansfindithardtothinkwhatlifewouldbewithoutacar.However,somehaverealizedtheseriousproblemofairpollutionbycarsOnewaytogetridofthepollutedairistoAnotherwayistoTopreventtheworldcutdownonthenumberoftheircarsgotoworkbybikeAlthoughcarshavebroughtusabetterlife,theyhavealsobroughtusnewproblems.,Thewriterwantstotellusthat_.,Thewriterwantstotellusthat_.A.Ridingabikeistheonlywayout.B.ThenumberofcarsmustbecutdownC.ManwontlivewithoutcarsD.Carsbringusnotonlyabetterlifebutalsoseriousproblems.,(thewritersattention),Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ANewWaytoGetRidofPollutedAirB.CarsandPollutedAirC.ManySeriousProblemsintheUSAD.ChangesinCarProduction,(thebesttitle),3、什么是理解推测题？,根据文章的上下文，猜测某个词在该情境中的具体含义；根据对文章片断的理解，重新排列成正确的顺序；根据所给的部分文章内容，推测其故事结尾或其他部分。,Inthepassage,theword“master”means“_”inChinese.A.服务员B.邻居C.佣人D.主人,.Thewolfsawthatthedogwasfatandcomfortable,soheasked,“Cousindog,doyouknowwhereIcanfindsomefood?”“Oh,thereisalwaysfoodinmyhouse,”saidthedog.“Mymastergivesmeplentyofmeat.”“Master?”saidthewolf.“Whatsthat?”“ThemanIworkfor,”saidthedog.“Myjobiseasy.I”,CoffeehousesandtheLondonStockExchangeInthe17thcenturyLondon,coffeehouseswerebusyandnoisyplaces.Businessmenandbankerswenttocoffeehousestotheirbusiness,aswellastodrinkcoffee.Infact,theLondonStockExchange(股票交易所)isbelievedtohavestartedfromthesecoffeehouses.,Fromthelastparagraph（段落）wecansee.,A.anewbusinesswasstartedincoffeehousesB.coffeehousesarestillusedbybusinessmenandbankersC.businessmenandbankerswenttocoffeehousesjustforcoffeeD.mostpeoplewouldntliketogotocoffeehousesbecauseofthenoise,CoffeehousesandtheLondonStockExchangeInthe17thcenturyLondon,coffeehouseswerebusyandnoisyplaces.Businessmenandbankerswenttocoffeehousestotheirbusiness,aswellastodrinkcoffee.Infact,theLondonStockExchange(股票交易所)isbelievedtohavestartedfromthesecoffeehouses.,Fromthelastparagraph（段落）wecansee.,ItisabeautifuldayinJune.Thesunishot.Itstimetoharveststrawberries,andthestrawberryfieldsarefullofpeople.Theyarepickingfruitforfun.Theycanbuystrawberriesinasupermarket,butitischeapertopicktheirownfruit.Strawberriesfromthefarmarealsofresher.Thestoryimplies(暗示)thatstrawberriesinthesupermarketare_.A.largerB.lessfreshC.cheaperD.betterforyourhealth,三、解题技巧：,通常老师出题时会考虑一个段落出一题，因此，同学们做题时可以按照这个思路一段一段地向下找答案。答题前可以先通读全文，同时有意识地把一些关键词句勾画下来，以便答题时能迅速找到相应的答案。如果时间紧张，也可以先读题，再根据每一段开头的主题句，到相应的段落中找答案。,同学们在练习中要注意：,有意识地针对自己的薄弱点做一些练习：如果是细节题经常错，那么每次做类似的题目时都要在原文中把相应的句子勾画出来；如果是整体概括题经常错，就要有意识地锻炼自己找文章的中心句和每一段的主题句（可以参照语文阅读中的相应做题方法），把这些句子结合在一起来概括文章的中心大意，切不可根据刚刚读过的最后一段来做此类题目。,中考链接,让我们试一试,MyfavouritegreatbookisTheAdventureofTomSawyerbyMarkTwain.TomliveswithhisauntPollyinaquietstreetofStPetersburg,Missouri.Hesalivelyandcleveryoungboy,andhefindshimselfinmanyexcitingadventures(冒险).Herunsawaywithhistwofriends,HuckFinnandJoe,toanislandinthemiddleoftheMississippiRiverforseveraldays.WithHuckhegoeslookingfortreasure,withBeckyhegetslostinacave,andfinally,theyfindaboxofgold.,MyfavouritesceneinthebookiswheneveryonethinksTomisdead.Hedecidestogotohisownfuneral.Hehidesandwatchesforatime,andthensuddenlyheappears.Everyoneissurprisedtoseehimbuttheyrealsopleasedtoseehimalive.Tomistheheroofthestory,butthereareotherimportantcharacters.Huckisanoutsiderandeveryoneisafraidofhim.Beckyisprettywithfairhair,JoeisTomsbestfriend,andInjunJoeisthebadmanofthestory.,Thethemeofthestoryisaboutchildrengrowingup.ItdescribeshowstrangersareseeninsmalltownsofAmerica.Finally,ittalksaboutfreedom,socialrulesandhowpeoplearepunished(惩罚)forbadbehavior.WhydoIthinkTheAdventureofTomSawyerisagreatbook?MarkTwainwrotethestoryin1876,butitsstillreadandlovedbypeopleallovertheworldtoday.Andalthoughitsonlyastory,TwainwroteitintheeverydayEnglishofthesouthernstatesofAmericainthe19thcentury,soitsoundsveryreal.TodayitsthoughttobeoneofthegreatestbooksinAmericanliterature.Goonreadit!Iknowyoullenjoyit,too.,1.WheredoesTomrunawaywithhistwofriends?A.Toaquietstreet.B.Toasmalltown.C.Toanisland.D.Toaforest.,Hesalivelyandcleveryoungboy,andhefindshimselfinmanyexcitingadventures(冒险).Herunsawaywithhistwofriends,HuckFinnandJoe,toanislandinthemiddleoftheMississippiRiverforseveraldays.,2.Whoisthebadmaninthestory?A.HuckFinn.B.InjunJoe.C.Becky.D.Polly.,Huckisanoutsiderandeveryoneisafraidofhim.Beckyisprettywithfairhair,JoeisTomsbestfriend,andInjunJoeisthebadmanofthestory.,3.HowdidpeoplefeelwhenTomappearedathisownfuneral?A.Theyweresurprisedandpleased.B.Theyweresurprisedandsad.C.Theywereworriedandexcited.D.Theywerefrightenedandhappy.,Hedecidestogotohisownfuneral.Hehidesandwatchesforatime,andthensuddenlyheappears.Everyoneissurprisedtoseehimbuttheyrealsopleasedtoseehimalive.,4.Thewholebookismainlyabout.A.freedomandsocialrulesB.childrensbadbehaviourC.thegrowthofyoungchildrenD.strangersinAmericansmalltowns.,Thethemeofthestoryisaboutchildrengrowingup.ItdescribeshowstrangersareseeninsmalltownsofAmerica.Finally,ittakesaboutfreedom,socialrulesandhowpeoplearepunished(惩罚)forbadbehaviour.,5.Thewriterwritesthearticleto.A.askustoreadthebookB.tellushowpopularthebookistodayC.telluswhenMarkTwainwrotethestoryD.telluswhythestorysoundsveryreal,TodayitsthoughttobeoneofthegreatestbooksinAmericanliterature.Goonreadit!Iknowyoullenjoyit,too.,我们怎样做才能提高阅读成绩呢？,坚持以下原则：定量-坚持定时做一定量的练习；耐心-对于每篇文章都要耐心地看下去；忽略-要学会忽略遇到的生词，不要逐字读文章，遇到不影响理解的生词跳过去；学习方法-在老师讲解的过程中注意老师所讲的解题方法，学会如何有针对性地在文章中找答案，有意识地分析为什么有些题型总是会错，并试着找些类似的题目多加练习。,主观阅读题考什么？,1.理解文章后找出相应答案，并用英语表述出来；2.我们所要完成的任务包括回答问题、填写表格、将一句英文翻译成中文、偶尔会要求把一句英文排列成正确的语序、猜测某个词在句中的意思。,如何解答这些题目：,有的问题的答案可以直接在文章中找到，但是我们需要付出足够的耐心；有的问题的答案需要我们将有关信息重新组合一下，因此我们必须细心思考；有的问题要我们表达自己的观点，需要我们简单明了地表述出来。将英文译成中文时要注意符合中文的语言习惯，不能简单地按照英文的顺序翻译。,InacountrysuchastheUnitedStates,peoplewithdifferenthistory,cultureandlanguagejointogetherandtheypaymuchattentiontopersonalideas.Teacherstrytomakeeachstudentspecial.Studentsdonothavetorememberalotofinformation.Instead,theyworkandfindanswersbythemselves.DostudentsintheUnitedStateshavetorememberalotofinformation?,No.,Thereisoftendiscussionintheclassroom.Atanearlyagestudentslearntohavetheirownideas.Theireducationencouragespersonalthought.Theimportanceisplacedonhowtoarriveatananswerandnotonlytogetthecorrectanswer.ThereisoftendiscussionintheclassroominAmerica,isntthere?WhatdoestheeducationintheUnitedStatesencourage?,Yes.,Personalthought.,InmostAsiancountries,peoplehavethesamelanguage,historyandculture.Perhapsforthisreason,theeducationtherepaysmoreattentiontogroupgoalsthanpersonalideas.ChildreninChinaandJapanoftenworktogetherandhelpeachotheronhomework.WhichdoestheeducationinsomeAsiancountriespaymoreattentionto,groupgoalsorpersonalideas?,Groupgoals.,Putthesentence“InsomeAsiancountries,however,teachersoftenfeelthattheirjobistopassknowledgetostudents.”intoChinese.,然而，在一些亚洲国家，老师们觉得他们的工作就是把知识传递给学生。,中考链接,Ourlocalcommunity(社区）YouthClubisaverypopularorganizationwithyoungpeopleinmytown.IhavebeenamemberforfouryearsnowandIvetakenpartinalotofinterestingprojects.Theseincludefunactivitiessuchasholidaycampsanddiscos.Wehaveevenmadeavideo.Butitisntalljustenjoyment.Wehavealsostarteddoingsocialworktohelppeopleinourneighborhood.Wehaveorganizedactivitiesorsmallchildrenduringtheholidays.Wehavealsoformedaspecialsupportgrouptohelpyoungpeoplestopsmoking.,Weareparticularlyproudofthemostrecentgroupwehavecreated.Itorganizesregularvisitstothelocalhomefortheelderly.Thisideacamefromaschoolvisittoahomefortheelderly.Myclassspentanafternoonatthehomeandeveryonefoundthevisitveryrewarding(有意义的).Theoldpeopleatthehomewereexcitedbyourvisits.Theywereverytalkative(健谈的)andtheytoldustheirpersonalstories.Duringourvisit,thehomewasfullofthesoundoflaughter.Wesangsongsandplayedgameswiththeoldpeopleandhadteatogether.Butwerealizedthatlifewasntalwayseasy.,Someofthemwereinpoorhealthandwereveryunhappy.Theycouldntgooutsideandthevisitsbychildrenbroughtsomesunshineintotheirlives.Manyyoungpeoplelikemehaveverylittlecontactwithelderlypeople.Asaresult,wehavealotofwrongideasaboutthem.Wehavelittleornoideaofthekindoflivestheyleadinthehomes.Afterthisvisit,myfriendsandIdecidedweshoulddosomethingtohelpimprovethequalityoftheirlives.,Sincethecreationofourvisitinggroup,overtwentyvolunteershavejoinedus.Uptonow,wehaveorganizedthreegroupeveningpartiesandaconcert.ButIthinktheindividual(单独的）visitsarethemostimportant.Clubmembersregularlyvisitoldpeopleandeveryonefindstheexperiencerichandrewarding.,Ourlocalcommunity(社区）YouthClubisaverypopularorganizationwithyoungpeopleinmytown.Ihavebe