医学英语 心脏ppt课件

医学英语心脏,1,SUMC2011-2012,Studentscopy,Thecardiovascularsystem,医学英语心脏,2,Whatisthecirculatorysystem?WhatdoestheCVsystemdo?InternalandexternalanatomyCardiaccycleHeartsoundsConductivesystemoftheheartBloodvesselsDiseasesoftheCVS,医学英语心脏,3,TheHeartandbloodvesselstogethermakeupthecardiovascularSystem.,CirculatebloodthroughoutentirebodyforTransportofoxygentocellsTransportofCO2awayfromcellsTransportofnutrients(glucose)tocellsMovementofimmunesystemcomponents(cells,antibodies)Transportofendocrineglandsecretions,医学英语心脏,4,TheHeart:locationinthorax,医学英语心脏,5,TheHeart:locationinthorax,ObliquePositionApex=LeftofMidline(5thICS),AnteriortorestofheartBase(posteriorsurface)sitsonvertebralcolumnSuperiorRight=3rdCostalCartilage,1”rightmidsternumSuperiorLeft=2ndCostalCartilage,1”leftmidsternumInferiorRight=6thCostalCartilage,1”rightmidsternumInferiorLeft=5thIntercostalSpaceatMidclavicularline,医学英语心脏,6,Serousmembrane,Continuouswithbloodvessels,TheHeart:musclelayersandcoverings,Connectivetiss,Endothilium,医学英语心脏,7,ExternalHeartAnatomy,Page44,医学英语心脏,8,TheHeart:Chambers,医学英语心脏,9,Ourcirculatorysystemisadoublecirculatorysystem.Thismeansithastwopartsparts.,therightsideofthesystemdealswithdeoxygenatedblood.,theleftsideofthesystemdealswithoxygenatedblood.,医学英语心脏,10,Circulation,Coronarycirculationthecirculationofbloodwithintheheart.Pulmonarycirculationtheflowofbloodbetweentheheartandlungs.Systemiccirculationtheflowofbloodbetweentheheartandthecellsofthebody.,医学英语心脏,11,TheHeart:Valves,Bicuspid(mitral)Tricuspid(AV)PulmonaryAortic(SL),医学英语心脏,12,HowdoestheHeartwork?,STEPONE,医学英语心脏,13,HowdoestheHeartwork?,STEPTWO,医学英语心脏,14,HowdoestheHeartwork?,Thecyclethenrepeatsitself.,STEPTHREE,医学英语心脏,15,医学英语心脏,16,FillingofHeartChamberstheCardiacCycle,Copyright2003PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasBenjaminCummings,医学英语心脏,17,TheHeart:CardiacOutput,Copyright2003PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasBenjaminCummings,Cardiacoutput(CO)totalventblood/minAmountofbloodpumpedbyeachsideoftheheartinoneminuteCO=(heartrateHR)x(strokevolumeSV)StrokevolumeVolumeofbloodpumpedbyeachventricleinonecontraction,医学英语心脏,18,S1-Whatisit?closingofthebicuspidandtricuspidvalves.(closureoftheAVvalves)ThePulmonicandAorticvalvesareopeningandbloodisbeingforcedintothearteriesS2-Whatisit?ThesoundsarebecauseoftheclosingofthePulmonicandAorticvalves(closureofthesemilunarvalves),医学英语心脏,19,医学英语心脏,20,ConductiveSystem,Actionpotential-electricalimpulsecausingthecontractionofheartmusclecells,TheSAnode,orpacemaker,initiatestheheartbeatandcausestheatriatocontractonaverageevery0.85seconds.TheAVnodeconveysthestimulusandinitiatescontractionoftheventricles.ThesignalfortheventriclestocontracttravelsfromtheAVnodethroughtheatrioventricularbundletothesmallerPurkinjefibers.,医学英语心脏,21,Electrocardiogram,Anelectrocardiogram(ECG)isarecordingoftheelectricalchangesthatoccurinthemyocardiumduringacardiaccycle.ThePwaveoccursjustpriortoatrialcontraction;theQRScomplexoccursjustpriortoventricularcontraction;andtheTwaveoccurswhentheventriclesarerecoveringfromcontraction.,医学英语心脏,22,TheVascularSystem,Copyright2003PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasBenjaminCummings,医学英语心脏,23,BloodVessels:Anatomy,Threelayers(tunics)TunicintimaEndotheliumTunicmediaSmoothmuscleTunicexternaMostlyfibrousconnectivetissue,医学英语心脏,24,ConductiveSystem,Copyright2003PearsonEducation,Inc.publishingasBenjaminCummings,Figure11.5,医学英语心脏,25,TunicaexternaOutermostlayerelastinandcollagenStrengthens,AnchorsTunicamediaMiddlelayerCircularSmoothMuscleVaso-constriction/dilationTunicaintimaInnermostlayerEndotheliumMinimizefrictionLumen,医学英语心脏,26,医学英语心脏,27,Artery/Veindifferences（归纳：dtwlv),医学英语心脏,28,医学英语心脏,29,医学英语心脏,30,医学英语心脏,31,Coronaryarterycirculation,医学英语心脏,32,Pulse,PulsepressurewaveofbloodMonitoredat“pressurepoints”wherepulseiseasilypalpated,医学英语心脏,33,MeasuringArterialBloodPressure,医学英语心脏,34,CardiovascularDiseases,Cardiovasculardiseasesincludethosethataffecttheheartandthosethataffecttheperipheralvascularsystem.Theheartandbloodvesselsmaybeprimarilyattackedbythesediseasesortheymaybesecondarilyaffectedasaconsequenceofanotherdisease.,医学英语心脏,35,RiskFactorsforCardiovascularDisease(sdosp),SmokingDiabetesObesityStressPhysicalInactivityHighBloodPressure140(systolic)/90(diastolic),医