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一种自动物料分选机结构设计【UG】,UG,一种,自动,物料,分选,结构设计
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宁波大红鹰学院毕业设计（论文）任务书所在学院机械与电气工程学院专业机械设计制造及其自动化班级09机自*班学生姓名 *学号*指导教师朱火美题 目一种自动物料分选机结构设计一、 毕业设计（论文）工作内容与基本要求： 课题简介物料分选机是一种应用于颗粒状物料品质检测与分类的设备。本课题要求设计一种自动物料分选机构，它能够根据物料的不同颜色进行分类。任务与目标：1、 翻译1-2篇与专业课程相关的最新英文文献，文献翻译要求在2000字以上；2、 查阅相关文献资料、开展调研，提交一篇3000字以上的反映课题内容的文献综述；3、 结合已查阅的文献资料，深入理解课题，提交一份开题报告；4、 根据所要实现的功能，提出物料分选机的整体设计方案；5、 完成物料分选机结构的详细设计；完成物料分选机结构的三维造型；绘制物料分选机结构总装配图、主要零件的工程图、要求设计图正确、实用、美观。6、 完成物料分选机电机选型、气缸选型、试进行输入输出信号分析，完成PLC的选型。7、 结合个人的设计思路及相关的数据计算及理论依据，撰写设计说明书，要求文字通顺，内容精炼，阐述详细，实用性要强，论文正文不少于10000字。 途径与方法：1、 检索并翻译外文资料，结合所学专业课程，通过查阅相关资料文献，分析和消化原始资料并整理，完成开题报告；2、 根据所要实现的功能，提出物料分选机的整体设计方案；3、 根据功能要求，完成物料分选机结构各零部件的详细设计；绘制3D/2D总图、主要零件图。4、 根据装置工作的动作流程，完成物料分选机电机选型、气缸选型、试进行输入输出信号分析，完成PLC的选型。5、 撰写毕业设计说明书，整理相关资料，按论文指导手册的要求完成毕业设计全部内容。参考资料：1 张建民.机电一体化系统设计M.高等教育出版社，2001（2）：4549.2 /363975658/item/e1913c7d713a7d356dc37cb1 3 顾崇衔.机械制造工艺学M.陕西科学技术出版社，1999（6）：11.4 机械设计手册编写组机械设计手册S机械工业出版社1986（6）：12185 邱宣怀机械设计M高等教育出版社2004（2）：4951.6 李华，李焕峰机械制造技术M机械工业出版社出版2003（5）：33377 叶伟昌 ，林岗副机械工程及自动化简明设计手册S机械工业出版社出版2008（2）：5662.8 International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC International Standard 1131-3, Programmable Controllers, Part 3, Programming Languages, 1993.9 M. Bani Younis and G. Frey, “Formalization of Existing PLC Programs: A Survey.“, in CESA 2003, Lille (France), Paper No. S2-R-00-0239, July 2003.10 周军. 电气控制及PLCM. 机械工业出版社.2007（2）：3844.11 初航.三菱FX系列PLC编程及应用M. 电子工业出版社.2011：3541. 12 张宏，王建.三菱PLC入门与典型应用M. 中国电力出版社.2009：839113. 刘长青. 电气控制与PLC应用技术M. 科学出版社.2008：5359.14 程子华. PLC原理与编程实例分析M. 国防工业出版社.2007：2338.注意事项：1、 英文翻译需注明原文出处，并附上PDF格式原文。2、 要求工程图总量折合为3张A0图的量以上、工程图需要有统一标准图框、绘制需规范并符合制图标准；3、最终稿电子文档、工程图需转成PDF形式保存；全部电子资料进行汇整、打包，并以班级-姓名-学号长号命名提交指导老师；二、毕业论文进度计划1、2012.9-2012.10检索并翻译最新英文文献；查阅文献资料、整理并撰写一篇反映课题内容的文献综述；结合任务书，完成开题报告；提出物料分选机的整体设计方案；2、2012.10-2012.12根据功能要求，完成物料分选机结构各零部件的详细设计；绘制3D/2D总图、主要零件图。3、2012.12-2013.02根据工作的动作流程，完成物料分选机电机选型、气缸选型、试进行输入输出信号分析，完成PLC的选型。4、2013.02-2013.03整理相关资料，撰写毕业设计说明书初稿。5、2013.03-2013.04修改毕业设计说明书，对所有资料的格式进行标准化处理；并按时上交所有材料；制作10分钟的答辩PPT，准备答辩。毕业设计（论文）时间： 2012 年 09月 01日至 2013 年 04 月 10 日计 划 答 辩 时 间： 2013 年 4 月 15 日三、专业（教研室）审批意见：审批人（签字）：工作任务与工作量要求：原则上查阅文献资料不少于12篇，其中外文资料不少于2篇；文献综述不少于3000字；文献翻译不少于2000字；毕业设计说明书或论文1篇不少于8000字。 提交相关图纸、实验报告、调研报告、译文等其它形式的成果。毕业设计（论文）撰写规范及有关要求，请查阅宁波大红鹰学院毕业设计（论文）撰写规范。备注：学生一人一题，指导教师对每一名学生下达一份毕业设计（论文）任务书。宁波大红鹰学院 毕业设计（论文）外文翻译 所在学院： 机械与电气工程学院 班 级： 09机自2班 姓 名： 张驰骋 学 号： 091280238 指导教师： 朱火美 合作导师： 2012年 9 月 15 日原文：题目THE DESIGN OF FRUIT AUTOMATED SORTING SYSTEMPingju Ge * , Qiulan Wu, Yongxiang SunCollege of information Science & Engineering, Shandong agricultural university, Taian 271018, China* Corresponding author, Address: College of information Science & Engineering, Shandong agricultural university, Taian 271018, Shandong, P. R . China, Tel: +86-538-8242497,Email: AbstractThe article introduced the flow and design scheme of fruit automated sorting system, the computer technology and automatic technology is used in agriculture production and management. In this system, the application of some technology, such as the detection and control technology, the digital image processing technology, the computer peripheral device and interface technology,Pattern Recognition technology etc, is used in the fruit automated sorting system.Keywords:the fruit, automated sorting system, automation, the digital image processing,Pattern Recognition1. INTRODUCTIONWith the development of modern agriculture & forestry and the enhance of industrial standard, the output of fruits from inner country and abroad are being raised swiftly. On the one hand, the fruits from different district are sold in local area, on the other hand, more plenty of fruits are sold to other district even abroad, and these fruits demand being packed according to different quality. In order to package these fruits, we must to design a fruit automated sorting system, because if these fruits were packed by hand, one the one hand, The task is hard and it is inefficient; on the other hand, it is not meet the demands of modern fruit package, which is need to be Multi-layer or high standard or high sanitary standard.To advanced country after second war, the automated sorting system is one of the essential equipment of Logistics centre, Distribution Centre, or circulation centre (Huang, 2002), it was used in American and Europe in the 1960s, automated sorting system was used in Japan in 1970s (Xu, 2002). At the present, automated sorting system is also success used in post office besides above field. With the improvement of modernization standard, it is widely used in more and more field. at the present, almost no success using about fruit automated sorting system because it concern a lots of knowledge and subject, at the same time, it demand more higher level of artificial. At present, we can only see the news about Fruitonics company, which have designed a set of fruit automated sorting system.2. THE HARDWARE DESIGN OF FRUIT AUTOMATED SORTING SYSTEMIn the course of designing of the System, all kinds of factor are comprehensively thought when fruits are sorted. All kinds of technology,such as detection and control technology, the computer peripheral equipment and interface technology, the digital image processing technology and Pattern Recognition technology, is used, at the same time, advanced algorithm is used in the course of pattern identification, and it improve the accurate rate of fruit sorting.2.1 The hardware consists of fruit automated sorting systemThere are all sorts of automated sorting system, and its standard is different. In general, an automated sorting system is consists of seven partition (Xu, 2002), it is: collection Conveyor, feed Conveyor, the Setting Device Of sorting instruction, confluence device, sorting conveyer, sorting and discharge cargo port, computer controller (Fig. 1).2.2 The consists of hardware and work principles of fruit automated sorting systemThe fruit automated sorting system is based of the traditional automated sorting system, but it is different of the traditional automated sorting system, it is an automated sorting system which is high intelligent, real-time, Multi-layer, multi knowledge fields and multi class. This system has several parts (Xu, 2002), such as: conveyer device, the weight sorting device, the appearance sorting device, and the quality sorting device etc. (Fig. 2). The Design of Fruit Automated Sorting SystemFig. 1. The hardware diagram of fruit automated sorting system (1) input conveyer belt;(2) fill cargo conveyer belt; (3) steel conveyer belt; (4) Diverter; (5) output Rollers;(6) sorting port; (7) signal giver; (8) laser ISBN reader; (9) pass detector; (10) magnetismsignal generator; (11) controller; (12) magnetism signal reader; (13) full scale detector.Fig. 2. The hardware consists of fruit automated sorting systemThe function module of the fruit automated sorting system is adapt to its The hardware consist, three module, which is weight sorting module, appearance sorting model and quality sorting module, is concluded in the system. The work principles of the each function module can be explained by the Figure (Fig. 3) (Han, 2004).Fig. 3. The hardware consists of the weight sorting device2.2.1 The weight sorting device and its work principleThe fruit which is need to be sorted is transferred to the fruit receive & distribute device by conveyer belt (Fig. 3), the fruit receive & distribute device can detect the weight information of fruit by pressure sensor , the analog weight information from pressure sensor is transferred to digital information by A/D switch (Zhu, 2001), the digital information is sent to the computer, the computer process these information by special software, the result from computer is sent to different passageway by parallel interface (the purpose is to control the controller from fruit receive & distribute device which can control the destination of the fruits), the digital information from parallel interface is convert to the analog signal by D/A switch, the analog signal is magnified by signal amplifier and it is sent to the fruit receive & distribute device in order to control the Flow Direction of the different weight fruit. In order to enter the next sorting step, which is appearance sorting, the fruit from weight sorting device is sent to the appearance sorting device to be sorted by appearance sorting device.Fig. 4. The hardware consists of the weight sorting device2.2.2 The appearance sorting device and its work principleThe fruit from weight sorting device is sent to the fruit receive & distribute device of the appearance sorting device (Fig. 4), the high speed camera shoot fruit from various angles, the image from camera be sent to the computer by the video capture card, the computer process the video information by special software, the result from computer is the classified signal of fruit, the signal open the different sorting passageway by parallel interface, and then the signal is magnified by the signal amplifier. In order to control the fruit receive & distribute device, the fruits are sent to the different passageway, and at last the fruit can be sent to the package device. The image from camera should be processed by edge detection and noise removing (even it must be curve fitting) (Guo, 2004), and then it be matched to different fruit appearance so that the fruit can be sorted by appearance.2.2.3 The quality sorting device and its work principleThe two devices, which is the quality sorting device and appearance sorting device, have the similar work process (Fig. 4). there are two different: one different is that the high speed camera must be infrared high speed camera; another different is that they have different process software .the software of the quality sorting device can process the fruit appearance quality (such as color and luster, stain etc) and inner quality (it is rot or not) according to the image from camera. It sorts manly according to the image from the infrared high speed camera and the trade standard. In the process of sorting, it makes full use of the digital image processing technology andPattern Recognition technology. In general, the first step is to screen according to color and luster and stain, the second step is to screen the inner quality of the fruit according to the infrared image.3. THE SOFTWARE DESIGN OF FRUIT AUTOMATED SORTING SYSTEMIn the course of the designing software of the System, different development tool should be thought because it refers to the hardware. The software of weight sorting and the computer interface is need to be developed by assembler programming language because it refers to hardware, other software, such as the digital image processing, the serial interface communication etc, can be developed by Vc+, It has several special Control in Vc+ about serial interface communication (Dong, 2005).4. SUMMARYThe fruit automated sorting system refers to different technology form different subject, such as automatic technology, the software and hardware technology of computer. The digital image processing technology, the artificial intelligence technology etc. the paper introduced the design thought of fruit automated sorting system, the consists of hardware, work principle and the design of software. The final application of the system can bring about large social benefit and economic benefit to agriculture production and management.REFERENCESDong S. L. Application of PLC in the Automatic Sorting System, Machine Tool & Hydraulics,2005, 5:136-147.Guo X. F., Liu W. T. An Automatic Feather Selecting System by Image Processing, Modern Electronic Technique, 2004, 3:30-33.Han Y. M., Wang D., Wei H. H., Tan C. Q. The Design of the Parcel Automatic Sorting System,Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Magazine, 2004, 8:11-12.Huang Q. M. Automatic Sorting System and Analysis of application prospect, Logistics Technology, 2002, 5:7-15.Xie L. X., Yang H. Y. Design and Implementation of Statistic and Analysis System for Auto-matic Luggage Sorting System, Computer Engineering (Supplementary Issue), 2005,31:3-6.Xu S. Y. Automatic Sorting System and the application, Logistics and Material Handling,2002, 3:33-39.Zhu Z. T. The design of computer auto-sorting system, Computer Engineering and Design,2001, 6:66-88.译文：题目 水果自动分拣系统的设计Pingju Ge*, Qiulan Wu, Yongxiang Sun 信息科学与工程学院，山东农业大学，泰安271018，中国*通讯作者，地址：信息科学与工程学院，山东农业大学，山东泰安271018，P. R。中国电话：+86-538-8242497，电子邮件：摘 要文章介绍了关于水果自动分选系统的流量与设计方案，计算机技术和自动化技术在农业中的生产和管理。在这个系统中，应用程序中的某些技术，如检测和控制技术，数字图像处理技术，计算机外围设备和接口技术，模式识别技术等，都会应用在自动分拣果实的系统中。关键词：水果，自动分拣系统，自动化，数字图像处理，模式识别1.简介随着时代的发展，现代农业与林业的工业标准提高，国家对于水果输入和国外的输出正在迅速提高。一方面，来自不同地区的水果在当地销售，另一方面，大量的水果销往其他地区甚至国外，这些水果是根据它们不同的质量而被分类包装的。为了使这些水果能打包分选分类，我们必须设计出能自动分拣水果的系统，因为如果这些水果仅是靠手工包装，一方面，这项工作是很困难，同时效率低下，在另一方面，它不符合现代水果打包分选的要求，如今的水果分选分类是多层次，高标准，高卫生标准的。发达国家在第二次战争后，物流中心、配送中心、流通中心成了自动分拣系统的关键设备（黄，2002），美国和欧洲在20世纪60年代就使用了自动分拣系统，而日本也在20世纪70年代开始使用该项系统（徐，2002年）。目前，自动分拣系统是被成功应用在邮局。除了上述领域的成功。随着现代化标准的改进，它也被广泛用于在越来越多的领域。但现在，几乎没有关于水果自动分拣系统的成功使用，因为它涉及到大量的知识和主题，同时，它要求更多更高水平的人工。目前，我们只能看到Fruitonics公司，该公司已设计了一套水果自动分拣系统的消息。2水果自动分拣系统的硬件设计在系统设计的过程中，在对水果进行排序时，应该全面考虑各种因素、各种技术，如检测和控制技术，计算机外围设备和接口技术，数字图像处理技术和模式识别技术的多项技术应用，在同一时间，配合先进的算法与图案识别技术，提高该系统的水果分拣准确率。2.1关于水果自动分拣系统的硬件设备如今有各种各样的自动分拣系统，其标准是不同的。在一般情况下，自动分拣系统是由七个分区组成（徐，2002年），它是：收集输送机，进料输送机，设置设备的排序指令，汇流设备，分拣输送机，分拣和卸货口，电脑控制器（图1）。2.2由硬件和水果自动分拣系统的工作原理水果自动分拣系统是基于传统的自动分拣系统，但是它又不同的于传统的自动分拣系统，它是一个是高智能、实时、多层次、多知识领域和多类自动分拣的系统，。此系统具有几个部分（许，2002），如：输送器装置，重量分选装置，外观的分拣装置和质量的分拣装置等（图2）。各部分的组合设计构成了水果自动分拣系统。图1为水果自动分选系统的硬件结构图：（1）输入传送带;（2）货物传送带;（3）钢条输送带;（4）分流器;（5）输出辊;（6）排序端口; （7）信号输入;（8）激光条形码阅读器;（9）探测器; （10）磁信号发生器;（11）控制器;（12）磁信号接收器;（13）满量程检测。图2为水果自动分拣系统的硬件系统水果自动分拣系统的功能模块是顺应其硬件的三个模块所形成的，他们分别是重量分选模块，外观排序模型和质量排序模块，根据系统所给出的结论，每个功能模块的工作原理都可以通过下图进行说明（图3），（邯，2004年）。图3为重量分选设备的硬件结构2.
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