body languageppt课件

BODYLANGUAGE,OutlineofthisPPT,WhatisBusinessCommunication?WhatisVerbalCommunication?WhatisNon-verbalCommunication?WhatarethecategoriesofNon-verbalCommunication?,BusinessCommunication,SunYao-yuan(孙耀远)explainedthatinternationalbusinesscommunicationsmeantheexchangeoftradingmessagesthatrelatetobuyingorselling,understandingorbeingunderstood,withtheuseoftraditionaloradvancedtechnology.,Mr.XuXian-guang(徐宪光)inhisBusinessCommunicationdefineditas:adynamic,multi-channeledprocess,whichcoversinternalaswellasexternalcommunciationinagivenorganization.,BusinessCommunicationisdynamic,EverydaybusinesspeoplefromCEOtoemployeesshouldtakepartinallkindsofbusinessactivitiesinsideoroutsidetheorganizationinanoral/writtenway.Theycommunicatewithdifferentpeoplefordifferentreasonsorpurposestryingtosolveallkindsofproblems.Besides,fromtimetotime,theywillholdmeetingsorgivepresentationstopeopleinsideandoutsidetheorganization.Moreover,everydaybusinesspeopleeitherreceiveorsendmanybusinessletters,memos,faxes,e-mail,etc.,BusinessCommunicationismulti-channeled,WhenaGM(generalmanager)hassomethinginhismindandhewantstodiscussitwithsomeone,hehasanumberofchoices.Hemaychooseaface-to-facewaysoastomakethetalkmoreimpressiveoremphatic.Hemaysimplypickupthephoneifhewantstosavetime,orhemaywriteamemo,evensendeithere-mailorfaxestotherelevantperson(s)instead.,ComponentsofBC,languageisused(writtenorspoken)ChannellanguageisnotusedSender(Message)ReceiverFeedbackContextiscountry,culture,organizationandexternalandinternalstimuli.Generally,contextcanbedefinedastheenvironmentinwhichthecommunicationprocesstakesplace.,WhatisVerbalCommunication?,Verbalbusinesscommunicationreferstothecommunicationthatiscarriedouteitherinoralorwrittenformwiththeuseofwords(Xu,Xianguang,1997).,Asabusinessman,youspendanaverageof30percentofyourworkinghoursinspeaking.Oneachworkingday,youhavetocommunicateorallywithcolleagues,clientsandbusinesscontacts.Andyouhavetowritealetterofenquiry,sendane-mailtomakeanoffer,orfaxtoyourlong-standingsupplertoconfirmadatefornextmonthsproductdiscussion.Periodically,youhavetowriteamonthly,quarterlyoryearlyreporttoshowyourcompanysoverallstotheshareholders.Stillothertimesyoumaymakeapresentationtogroupofvisitorsinyourorganization,ornegotiatewithothergroupsofpeopleoutsideoforganization.Thosearevarietiesofverbalbusinesscommunication,tonamebutafewhere.,WhatisNon-verbalCommunication?,Non-VerbalCommunicationthatdoesntusewordstakesplaceallthetime.Smiles,frowns,whositswhereatameeting,thesizeofanoffice,howlongsomeonekeepsavisitorwaitingallthesecommunicatepleasureoranger,friendlinessordistance,powerandstatus.Manyothersymbolscancarrynonverbalmeanings:clothing,colors,ageandheight,tonameafew.,WhatisBodyLanguage?,Bodylanguageincludesthestudyofthemovementsofthehead,eyes,armsandlegs,andincorporatesallthatareused.Italsoincludesfacialexpressionswhichareparticularlyimportantsincethefaceisusuallythefirstplacesomeonewilllooktofigureoutthetruemeaningofwhatisbeingsaid.,BodyLanguageexpressesmood,Whentalkingaboutexpressingyourmoodtoothersbyusingyourbody,wenaturallythinkoftheimplicationsofmanyusualactions.Suchas,applaudingmeansexcited,stompingheavilymeansangry,pinchingthefingersmeansanxious,hangingdownyourheadmeansfrustrated,unfoldingyourbothhandsmeanshelpless,beatingyourchestmeansunhappy,andsoon.Peopleexpresstheiremotionsbybodylanguage,sootherscanunderstandthemeasily.,CategoriesofBL,FacialexpressionsEyecontactGesturesPosturesTimeandspace,Facialexpression,Itcanbedividedintoeightcategories:interestedandexcited,happyandlike,surprisedandamazing,sadandsuffering,fearandscared,shyandshamed,thecontemptanddisgust,angryandsulky.Ingeneral,themusclegroup,aroundeyesandmouth,isthemostabundantfacialexpression.,EyeContact,NorthAmericanwhitesseeeyecontactasasignofhonesty.Butinmanycultures,droppedeyesareasignofappropriatedeferencetoasuperior.TheJapanesearetaughttolookattheneck.InKorea,prolongedeyecontactisconsideredrude.Thelower-rankingpersonisexpectedtolookdownfirst.ArabmenlookateachothermorethandidtwoAmericanmenortwoEnglishmen.EyecontactissoimportantthatArabsdisliketalkingtosomeonewearingdarkglassesorwhilewalkingsidebyside.Itisconsideredimpolitenottofacesomeonedirectly.InMuslimcountries,womenandmenarenotsupposedtohaveeyecontact.,Expressionreflectedbyeyebrows,Expressionrepresentedbysmiles,Thumbindexfingermiddlefingerringfingerlittlefinger,Gesture,Gesturereferstoaparticularlanguagesystem,establishedbythepeoplewiththepositionandshapeoffingersandhands.Generallyspeaking,incountries,likeItaly,Spain,Greece,andothercountries,thegesturesusageissofrequentandexaggerated.InthewesternEuropeancountries,theusageisalittlefew.ButforthefarnorthEuropeancountries,itisevenfewer.Theyhavealmostnouseofgesturestoexpressanymessages.,ChineseandAmericanscountdifferently.“One”inChinaiscountedonthethumb.FortheAmericansitisontheindexfinger.Besides,inUS,peoplepointtoobjectsandevenatpeoplewiththeindexfinger,whileinChinapointingwiththeindexfingerisconsideredrude.IntheUS,puttingahandundertheneckmeans”Iamfull”.InChina,suchagesturemeans“killing”.Ofcourse,acomparativestudyofChineseandAmericangesturesshowsanumberofsimilarities;forexample,mendonothugorembracewhenmeetingoneanother;Ahandshakeisthemostcommongesturethatgoeswithameeting;Wavingahandtosay“goodbye”isthesame;Noddingmeans“yes”andshakingonesheadmeans“no”;ThefollowingchartsprovideexamplesofgesturesinAmerica.,thelittlefingerup,InChina,meanscontempt.InJapan,meanssweethearts.,thegestureof“V”,InEnglandandAmerica,meansvictory.InGreece,withyourfingersbacktowardsothers,meansvictory.Butwithyourfingersobversesidetowardsothers,meansinsultandcontempt.,thegestureofOK,InAmerica,meanspraiseandpromiseInFrance,meansinsignificant.InIndia,meansright.InGreece,meansoffensive.,Bendingyourindexfinger,InChina,meansthedigital“9”.InJapan,meanssteal.,Thegestureoflove,BRITAIN,Greets(greeting):TheEnglish-speakingcountrypersongreetingontheroad,musttakethehatfrequentlytoindicateexpressesbestwishes.Itpresentlyordinaryhaschangedintoliftingthehat,evenonlytracingthehatalong.,JAPAN,日本:基本上是以鞠躬来表示(站着的时候，双脚合拢、直立，弯腰低头),鞠躬表示对对方的敬意、关心、感谢、歉意等情感。Japan:thatisbasicallytobow(Whenstanding,hislegsclosure,upright,bendingtobow),OntheothersidethatbowshowRespect,carefor,thanks,apologyandsoon.,Thailand,泰国:双手合十，状似祷告(年幼的先向年长的打招呼，而年长的随后回礼合十礼),Thailand:Holdtheirpalmstogether,seemedprayer(Youngfirstgreetedtheolderandolderthenreturnsthesamecourtesy),Germany,德国:1握手礼作为见面礼节(一是握手时务必要坦然地注视对方；二是握手的时间宜稍长一些，晃动的次数宜稍多一些，握手时所用的力量宜稍大一些)2与亲朋好友见面时，德国人往往会行拥抱礼3亲吻礼多用于夫妻、情侣之间4有些上了年纪的人，与人相逢时，还往往习惯于脱帽致意,Germany:1Shakehandsatthemeetingasacourtesy(First,itneedstareateachotherfranklywhenshakinghands;secondly,itshouldlastlongerwhenshakinghands;third,youshouldswaymoreandusethepowerlarger)2Tomeetwithfriendsandfamily,Germanusuallytendtoembraceeachother3Kissingceremonyformorethanhusbandandwife,betweenlovers4Someoftheoldpeople,whenmeeting,oftenareusedtotakingoffthehattoshowtribute,India,印度人常常双手合拢放在胸前欢迎客人Closurehandsonthefront,korea,韩国人见面时的传统礼节是鞠躬Bow男人之间见面打招呼互相鞠躬并握手Bowandshakehandswitheachother,Maori,毛利人对待客人的最高礼遇鼻吻_当女士示吻时，男士主动上前一步，抬起双手，张开双臂，两手轻轻搭上对方双肩，慢慢地，先是鼻尖，后是前额.,Maoritreatgueststhehighestcourtesynosekiss.whentheladyshow,themenapproachtheinitiativestep,raisetheirhands,withopenarms,twohandstocatchtheothersideshouldersgently,slowly,thefirstnasaltip,aftertheforehead.,SaudiArabia,1，.伸出小指（littlefinger）沙特阿拉伯表示朋友。2.沙特阿拉伯贝都印人问候方式男人见面时要用鼻子碰对方的额头，再互相拥抱，表示友好和亲密。3.有的沙特阿拉伯人习惯伸出左手放在你的右肩上并吻你的双颊，这是一种吻礼1.Extendedlittlefinger(littlefinger)SaudiArabiasaidafriend.2.SaudiArabiaregardsBedouinswaytomeetmenwhentouseeachothersnosetouchedhisforeheadandthenhuggedeachother,thatfriendshipandintimacy.3.SomehabitsofpeopleoutofSaudiArabialefthandonyourrightshoulderandkissyouonthecheeksthisisakisscourtesy,Russia,1.俄罗斯人见面以握手礼为主,握手时要脱下手套，并且不能拉对方的手2.特别好的朋友久别重逢，会用拥抱和亲吻，一般是拥抱后互相亲吻脸颊三次,男士一般吻女士的手背，父母吻儿女的额头1Russiansmeettoshakehandswiththemainceremony,shakinghands,totakeofftheglovesandcannotpulleachothershands。2especiallygoodfriendreunionafteralongtime,withhuggingandkissing,generallyembraceeachotherafterthekisscheeksthreetimes,meningeneral,thekissHand,parentskisstheirchildrensforehead,高兴激动(happinessandexcitement)：双手握拳向上举起，前后频频用力摇动。happyexcitement(happinessandexcitement):handsraisedupwardwiththeboxersheld,frequentlyupanddownwithforce,“别作声”(stopping-talking)：嘴唇合扰，将食指贴着嘴唇，同时发出“hush”嘘嘘声stopping-talking:lipsanuisance,indexfingerpasteslips,meanwhileissueshush,赞同(agreement)：向上翘拇指agreement:stickupthumbtoward,祝贺(congratulation)：双手在身前嘴部高度相搓的动作Congratulations(congratulation):handsinfrontofthemouthheightoftherubbingaction,害羞”(shame)：双臂伸直，向下交叉，两掌反握，同时脸转向一侧。Shy(shame):armsstraightdowncross,twohandsan