英语中的省略.ppt

英语课标教学课件,必修5,Ellipsis,Unit5Grammar,本单元我们将接触一种新的语法现象,在英语交谈或写作中，为了使语言简洁或避免重复，我们要怎样做呢?,省略,Objective,Tolearntheusageofellipsis.,Lookatthefollowingsentences.,1.shesaid(that)itwouldbeaninterestingexperience.(必修1)2.ButIwasalwayssolonelystandingtherebymyself,untilintheearly1960stheygavemeafamily(thatwas)connectedbyanetwork.(必修2),3.RODERICK:YoureanAmerican?HENRY:Thatsright,(Icome)fromSanFrancisco.(必修3)4.Janehasstudiedthesefamiliesofchimpsformanyyearsand(Janehas)helpedpeopleunderstandhowmuchtheybehavelikehumans.(必修4)5.(Youshould)waittillyouremoreexperienced.(必修5),Sentencesfromthisunit:,1.Theseburnsareseriousand(theseburns)takeafewweekstoheal.2.Oftentheillnessorinjuryisnotserious,butthereareothertimeswhen(theillnessorinjuryisseriousand)givingfirstaidquicklycansavelives.,3.Burnsarecalledfirst(degreeburns),second(degreeburns)orthirddegreeburns,4.Theseaffectboththetop(layeroftheskin)andthesecondlayeroftheskin.5.Ifburnsareonarmsorlegs,keepthemhigherthantheheart,if(itis)possible.,Pleaseunderlinethewordsthatcanbeleftout.,1.shesaidthatitwouldbeaninterestingexperience.2.ButIwasalwayssolonelystandingtherebymyself,untilintheearly1960stheygavemeafamilythatwasconnectedbyanetwork.3.RODERICK:YoureanAmerican?HENRY:Thatsright,IcomefromSanFrancisco.,go,Ready?,4.JanehasstudiedthesefamiliesofchimpsformanyyearsandJanehashelpedpeopleunderstandhowmuchtheybehavelikehumans.5.Youshouldwaittillyouremoreexperienced.6.Theseburnsareseriousandtheseburnstakeafewweekstoheal.,7.Oftentheillnessorinjuryisnotserious,butthereareothertimeswhentheillnessorinjuryisseriousandgivingfirstaidquicklycansavelives.8.Burnsarecalledfirstdegreeburns,seconddegreeburnsorthirddegreeburns,9.Theseaffectboththetoplayeroftheskinandthesecondlayeroftheskin.10.Ifburnsareonarmsorlegs,keepthemhigherthantheheart,ifitispossible.,1.-Alice,whydidntyoucomeyesterday?-I_,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.A.hadB.wouldC.wasgoingtoD.did,2.-CouldIborrowyourdictionary?-Yes,ofcourseyou_.A.mightB.willC.canD.should3.-Dontforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.-_.A.IdontB.IwontC.IcantD.Ihavent,以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。,为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可以省略。省略可分为以下几种情况：,GrammarEllipsis(省略）,1)(You)Comein,please.2)(I)Seeyoutomorrow.3)(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.4)(I)Begyourpardon.,简单句中的省略,1.省略主语:祈使句中的主语通常被省略;其他省略主语的情况多限于少数现成的说法。,1)(It)Soundsagoodidea.2)(Willyou)Haveasmoke?3)(Wouldyoulike)Somethingtodrink?4)(Youcome)Thisway,please.,2.省略主语或谓语的一部分,3.省略宾语,-DoyouknowMissHu?-Idontknow(her).,可以省略宾语的全部;,Tomenjoysdancing,butPeterhates(dancing).,1)Donttouchanythingunlesstheteachertellsyouto(touch).2)-Areyouateacher?-No,butIwanttobe(ateacher).3)-Hehasntfinishedthetask.-Well,heoughttohave(finishedit).,可以省略作宾语的动词不定式,只保留to,但如果该宾语是动词be或完成形式,则须在to后加上be或have。,-Areyouthirsty?-Yes,Iam(thirsty).2)Hisbrotherisntlazy.Norishissister(lazy).,4.省略表语,1)-Areyoufeelingbetternow?-(Imfeeling)Better(now).2)-Whendidyoureadthenovel?-(Ireadit)Longago.3)Letsmeetattheschoolgateasthesameas(wemet)yesterday.,5.同时省略几个句子成分,两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。,Myfatherisadoctorandmymother(is)anurse.2)Istudyatcollegeandmysister(studies)athighschool.3)Linsfatherwasnotathome,buthismotherwas(athome).,并列句中的省略,1)(Im)Sorrytohearthatyouareill.2)(Itsa)Pitythatyoumissedsuchagoodchance.,主从复合句中的省略,1.主句中有主语和谓语被省略,Theydonotvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughtto(visittheirparents).,Thesooner(youdoit),thebetter(itwillbe).,2.省略从句中与主句相同的部分,3.主句与从句各有一些成分被省略,1.that的省略,(1)宾语从句中常省略that,但多个宾语从句并列时,通常只省略第一个that。,Hesaid(that)thetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.,(2)在定语从句中that在作宾语时才能省略。,Thebook(that)Iborrowedyesterdaywashers.,其他省略,2.在某些状语从句中,当从句的主语与主句的主语一致或者从句主语为it,且从句谓语部分有be动词时,可省去“主语+be”部分。,When(hewas)stillaboyof10,hehadtoworkdayandnight.2)As(hewas)achild,helivedinIndia.3)If(youare)askedyoumaycomein.4)Though(heis)young,heknowsalot.,3.不定式符号to的省略,(1)并列的不定式可省去后面的to。Itoldhimtositdownandwaitforamoment.(2)help当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带。Iwillhelp(to)doitforyou.Iwillhelpyou(to)doit.(3)介词but前若有动词do,后面不定式不带to。,Theboydidnothingbutplay.,(4)某些使役动词（let,make,have）及感官动词（see,watch,hear,notice,observe,feel,lookat,listento等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须将to复原。Isawtheboyfallfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallfromthetree.Thebossmadeuswork12hoursaday.Weweremadetowork12hoursaday.,(5)主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的to可带可不带。Whatwecandonowis(to)wait.,4.条件从句中有should,were或had时,可以省略if,但要将should,were或had提至句首。,IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.,Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldnthavegotoverthedifficulties.Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldnthavegotoverthedifficulties.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?,Weuseellipsiswhenwedonotwanttorepeatwordsorphrasesthatareobvious.,Ellipsis,总结,Review,1.省略的概念：为了使语言简洁或避免重复，省略句中的一个或几个句子成分。2.可省略的成分。3.用省略的情况。,Individualactivity,注:另附word文档。点击此处链接,1.Itsoundslikesomethingiswrongwiththecarsengine._,wedbettertakeittothegarageimmediately.(2011江苏)A.OtherwiseB.IfnotC.ButforthatD.Ifso,QuizI:Multiplechoice.,2.WecouldinviteJohnandBarbaratotheFridaynightparty.Yes,_?Illgivethemacallrightnow.(2011全国I)A.whynotB.whatforC.whyD.what,3.Howcouldyoubesorudeastowalkinhereinthemiddleofmyclass?_(2011四川)A.Nothingmuch.B.Nothingserious.C.Neveragain.D.Nevermind.4.Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?_,thankyou.Ivejusthadsomewater.(2011辽宁)A.EitherB.BothC.AnyD.Neither,5.When_forhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.(2012安徽)A.askingB.askedC.havingaskedD.tobeasked,1.Haventseenyouforages.2.Somemoretea?3.Soundslikeagoodidea.,Ihaventseenyouforages.,Wouldyoulikesomemoretea?,That/Itsoundslikeagoodidea.,QuizII:Findoutwhathavebeenleftout.,4.Doesntmatter.5.Sorrytohearthat.,Itdoesntmatter.,Imsorrytohearthat.,6.Pityyoucouldntcome.7.Thisway,please.,Its/Whatapityyoucouldntcome.,Step/Comethisway,please.,8.Terribleweather!9.Joiningusforadrink?10.Goingtothesupermarket?,Whatterribleweatheritis!,Areyoujoiningusforadrink?,Areyougoingtothesupermarket?,1.我的兄弟抽烟，而我不抽烟。,Mybrothersmokes,butIdont(smoke).,QuizIII:Translation.,2.一旦出版，这部小说将成为今年的畅销书之一。,Whenpublished,thenovelwillbecomeoneofthebestsellersoftheyear.,3.他还是象年轻时那样，是一位运动爱好者。,Hewasaloverofsportsashehadbeeninhisyouth.,4.那钱他花了部分，其余的他都存了起来。,Hespentpartofthemoney,andtheresthesaved.,5.我喜欢他更甚于喜欢她。,Ilikehimmoret