国际音标_PPT.ppt

5/12/2020,1什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。2音素的分类：元音和辅音。3音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。4什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。5什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音协会规定的一套音标，用来记录世界各主要语言的语音。7.开音节：a)以发音的元音字母结尾的音节。辅音+元音:he,go,hi,b)以辅音字母（r.w.y除外）+不发音的e结尾的音节.辅音+元音+辅音+e:name,bike,home,plane8.闭音节：以一个或几个辅音字母（r除外）结尾中间只有一个元音字母的音节a)辅音+元音+辅音:bad,bed,sit,b)元音+辅音:it,is,of,5/12/2020,元音和辅音的定义：发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。,InternationalPhoneticAlphabet,/i:/,长元音。嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，嘴角向两边张开，好笑微笑一样，与字母e发音相同eeeaethreetreegreeneatteameathesheme,/i/,短元音.嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，嘴型扁平iysititismanytwentyhappy,/e/,短元音。嘴型扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起eaeaheadbreadpleasurelessonbetterbedyesmanyany,/,短元音。嘴张大，嘴角尽量拉向两边，成扁平形，舌尖抵下齿abaghandhappyapple,/:/,长元音。嘴型扁平，上下齿微微张开，舍身平放，舌中部稍抬起。irurearerorgirlshirtskirtbirdturnThursdaylearnearnearthtermherserve,/,短元音。嘴唇微微张开，舌身放平，舌中部稍微抬起，口腔自然放松发声erateacherspeakerfarmeragoelephantchina,a:,长元音。口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身放平，舌尖不抵下齿，下巴放低，放松发音aracarfarmcardarmgardenfastclasslastglass,短元音，嘴唇微微张开，伸向两边，舌尖轻触下齿，舌后部稍稍抬起。uoupcupbuscomemotherlove,:,双唇收起，成圆形，并向前突出，舌身往后缩alorsmalltalkballwalkshortmoresport,口腔打开，嘴张大，舌头向后缩，双唇稍收圆发音字母oahotlotfoxboxnotwantwashwatch,u:,嘴型小而圆，微微外突，舌头尽量后缩oooufoodmoonroomshoedotwotruebluefull,u,嘴唇张开略向前突出，嘴形稍收圆并放松些，舌头后缩oouolookgoodfootbookputfullpullpushwomanwolf,5/12/2020,找出蓝色字母和所给音标读音相同的选项,()1./i:/AeatBear()2./i/AbikeBfish()3./e/AbedBeraser()4./AfaceBcat()5./u/AfootBroom()6./u:/AgoodBruler()7./a:/AarmBbus()8./AduckBbat,ei,由e和i两个单音组成，口形由半开到合，和字母A发音相同aayeaaieynamecakelategateplaneAprilplaysaymaywaygreatbreakrainpaintplaintheygreyleikteikfeisgreit,ai,和字母i发音相同iybikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmytryflyeyekaitraitflainaifwaitbaikIliketoflykiteinaquietplace.,au,字母组合ouowhouseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouseouch!flowerdownnowcowhowtown,u,和字母O发音相同oowoahomecoldgonophonehostghostknowlowbelowgrowblowshowflowboatcoatgoalgubutnucutruptu,字母组合oyoiboytoyjoysoyoilsoilboilvoicechoicecoin,i,字母组合eerearbeerdeercareerearnearheartearherefierceidea,(e),字母组合earairerepearbearchairairfairstairtherewherecare,uau,字母组合ouroweroorurehourtourgourdflowershowerpoorpuresure,5/12/2020,看音标选单词,eicaketakei:beeseeaibikekiteunosenoaucowshowipeargeartherehere,5/12/2020,/p/,双唇紧闭，然后快速张开，让气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音，声带不震动ppppianopleasepetparrothip-hopslipperapplepineapplehappy,5/12/2020,/b/,和/p/发音相似，双唇紧闭，然后快速张开，让气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音，但声带需震动。bbbbookballbananabirdbarkbreakrabbitcabbagenebbishcobblehobby,5/12/2020,/t/,舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后突然弹开舌尖，让气流从空腔中喷出，声带不震动ttttabletasktaxidotratfatTokyohatattentionbattlecattlemattercottonTimmyscatiskeepingfit.Butshelikestochasefatrats.,5/12/2020,/d/,和/t/发音相似，舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后弹开舌尖，让气流从口腔中喷出，但声带需震动。dddeddishdestdoordanceDannysmiledpulledsingedLetsdance,Mr.Donald!MissDaisyisdancingonthedesk!,5/12/2020,/k/,舌后部抵住软腭，憋住气，然后突然离开，将气送出来，像咳嗽一样，声带不震动ckchckqueclockcoatclevercreamcapmilkcookbookkeytechniqueChristmaschorus,5/12/2020,/g/,和/k/发音相似，舌后部抵住软腭，憋住气，然后舌头突然离开，将气送出来，声带需震动gggghgueglassgolfgoodghostgasgumblogguessgivegoogleplagueGotogetthebigboxformybigdog.,5/12/2020,/s/,双唇微微张开，舌头自然放松，气流从上下齿隙间送出，声带不振动scsssesunsnakesmokeStevenricefacegracechoicegrasskissglassaddressassistantsuccesscasephrasechasedose,26个英文字母及发音音标如下:AaeiBbbi:Ccsi:Dddi:Eei:FfefGgd3i:HheitIiaiJjd3eiKkkeiLlelMmemNnenOouPppi:Qqkju:Rr:SsesTtti:Uuju:,5/12/2020,/z/,口形和/s/相似，双唇微微张开，舌头自然放松，气流从上下齿隙间送出，但声带需振动。zszeeszerozipzoozebranosecheeserosebusytearsfreeze,5/12/2020,/,双唇收圆并稍微突出，舌头稍微上卷，舌尖接近上齿龈，送气，声带不振动sshcisiti/ef/chef/ip/ship/i:p/sheep/w/wash/k/cash/rik/shrink/ip/ship/elf/shelf/fi/fish,5/12/2020,/,口形与/相似，双唇收圆并稍微突出，舌头稍微上卷，舌尖接近上齿龈，送气，但声带需振动。smeasure/me/pleasure/ple/television/telivin/treasure/tre/vision/vin/leisure/le/,5/12/2020,/t/,双唇略微张开突出，舌尖抵住上齿龈，用力吐气，声带不振动chtchteacher/ti:t/peach/pi:t/watch/wt/church/t:t/chalk/t:k/witch/wit/Whereisthecheese?Thechildrenhaveitonthebeach.,5/12/2020,/d/,和/t/发音相似，双唇略微张开突出，舌尖抵住上齿龈，用力吐气，但声带需振动。gjdgecage/keid/jam/dm/jump/dmp/ginger/dind/judge/dd/bridge/brid/orange/rind/,5/12/2020,/f/,上齿轻轻接触下唇，然后吹气，让气流从唇齿间通过，形成摩擦，声带不振动fffphghfork/f:k/giraffe/dira:f/phone/fun/elephant/elifnt/laugh/la:f/fan/fn/freik/fkt/dif/,5/12/2020,/v/,口形和/f/相似，上齿轻轻接触下唇，然后吹气，使气流从齿间通过，形成摩擦，但声带需振动vvest/vest/video/vidiu/five/faiv/wave/weiv/vase/va:z/love/lv/Momlovesyou.Weallloveyouveryverymuch.,5/12/2020,/,舌尖微微伸出，上下齿轻轻咬住舌尖，送气，声带不振动ththumb/m/teeth/ti:/throat/rut/three/ri:/thread/red/thin/in/Ithinkthethincatisthirty-three.,5/12/2020,/,口形和/相似，舌尖微微伸出，上下齿轻轻咬住舌尖，送气，但声带需振动thfeather/fe/father/fa:/mother/m/leather/le/brother/br/though/u/this/is/that/t/,5/12/2020,/ts/,舌尖先抵住上齿，堵住气流，使气流从舌尖和齿龈间送出，声带不振动tstesseats/si:ts/goats/guts/gates/geits/kites/kaits/coats/kuts/pets/pets/catshatsmateshatesbats,5/12/2020,/dz/,和/ts/发音相似，舌尖先抵住上齿，堵住气流，使气流从舌尖和齿龈间送出，但声带需振动dsdesseeds/si:dz/woods/wudz/spades/speidz/friends/frendz/words/w:dz/birds/b:dz/bedssandskidssandsswordsgoods,5/12/2020,/tr/,双唇收圆向前突出，舌尖上翘抵住上齿龈，声带不振动trtree/tri:/trousers/trauzz/train/trein/strawberry/str:bri/trash/tr/truchtraffictruthtrooptradeShetriedandtriedtocatchthetrain.,5/12/2020,/dr/,和/tr/发音相似，双唇收圆向前突出，舌尖上翘抵住上齿龈，声带需振动drdraw/dr:/drink/drik/dragon/drgn/driver/draiv/drum/drm/dress/dres/drabdreaddreamdroitdroll,5/12/2020,/h/,嘴唇自然张开，自然呵气，声带不振动hwhhead/hed/hole/hul/who/hu:/hair/he/ham/hm/heart/ha:t/haus/heit/hm/hud/hathorsehoweverhitchhikehorizon,5/12/2020,/r/,舌尖向上卷起，舌头不要接触任何部位，双唇稍微突出，声带振动。rrrrhwrrice/rais/room/ru:m/mirror/mir/parrot/prt/write/rait/ring/ri/riverracerightrumbleeraserwronggiraffedrunkrobotrock&roll,5/12/2020,/l/,舌尖抵住上齿龈，舌尖轻微用力弯曲，气流从舌头旁边送出，声带振动llllight/lait/lock/lk/ball/b:l/tail/teil/balloon/blu:n/dollar/dl/loose/lu:s/lun/laud/la:f/k:l/l/dumplingbulllionflaglycheenail,5/12/2020,/m/,双唇紧闭，舌头平放，气流从鼻腔送出，声带振动mmbmmmouth/mau/monkey/mki/comb/kum/moon/mu:n/thumb/m/climb/klaim/broom/bru:m/swimmilkjamgrammar/mst/,5/12/2020,/n/,双唇微开，舌尖抵住上齿龈，气流从鼻腔出来，声带振动nk