新人教版八年级下册英语动词不定式详细讲解.ppt

人教课标版八年级英语（下册）,课题：动词不定式的用法执教人：许文卿,四川省巴中市恩阳区关公乡中心小学,知识回顾,比较下列两组句子第一组:EverymorningikeepdoingexercisingHepracticesplayingtennisafterschool.第二组:Myfriendswantmetogooutwithhim.Jackinvitesmetogoshopping.,不定式定义及构成,(一)动词不定式定义:动词不定式是指动词的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的形式，属于非谓语形式。(二)动词不定式构成：to+动词原形省“to”的不定式,to+动词原形,A:Iwanttobuysomebooks.B:Theywantedtobuysomebooks.C:Hedecidestogohomebyhimself.,动词后省to的不定式,(一)感官动词：see,watch,notice,lookat，hear,listento,feel.A:Hesawsomebirdsfallintotheriver.B:Ioftenhearthegirlsinginthenextroom.C:Theylookedatthatpersonwentintothestore.,动词后省to的不定式,(二)使役动词:make,let,have.A:Mymothermakesmegotoschool.B:Lettheboygo.,动词后可省可不省“to”的不定式,(三)特殊动词HelpA:Ioftenhelpmymotherdohousework.B:MyclassmateshelpmetolearnEnglish.,不定式的否定形式,1.带to的动词不定式的否定Iwantyoutogonow.Iwantyounottogonow.直接在“to”前加not2.省to的动词不定式的否定Lettheboygoout.Lettheboynotgoout.直接在动词前加not,动词不定式用法,动词不定式放在一些动词后面可以作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语、表语等。,动词不定式用法,(一)动词不定式作宾语动词不定式可以放在一些动词后用作宾语，动词不定式作宾语的常用动词有:beginask,want,forget,remember,learn,hate等。A：Iwanttogohomenow.B:Sheforgetstotakesomemedicine.C:Mymotherlearnstodance.,不定式作宾语结构,WanttodosthNeedtodosthDecidetodosthLearntodosth,WishtodosthTrytodosthHopetodosthPlantodosth,练习,A:我想买一些书。Iwanttobuysomebooks.B:他们需要做更多的运动。Theyneedtodomoreexercise.C:他希望离开学校。Hehopestoleaveschool.,动词不定式用法,(二)动词不定式作宾语补足语。动词不定式作宾语补足语表示宾语所做的动作，可以用动词作宾语补足语的动词有：tell,ask,want,invite,encourage,help等。,A:Iwantyoutogonow.B:Herparentswishhertobeateacher.C:Heinvitesmetogoswimming.,动词不定式作宾补结构,AsksbtodosthInvitesbtodosthTellsbtodosthExpectsbtodosth,WantsbtodosthWishsbtodosthAdvisesbtodosth,根据汉语完成句子:我们需要想出一个好计划Weneed_aplan.我们每人打电话给10个人,请他们来.Weeach_tenpeopleandaskthem_.他们总是自愿贡献他们的时间来帮助他人.Theyalways_theirtime_otherpeople.他咳嗽的厉害,他的医生让他戒烟.Hehasaterriblecough.Hisdoctoraskedhim_smoking.,动词不定式的用法,(三)动词不定式作目的状语。动词不定式作目的状语常用在go,come,hurry等不及物动词后，表目的。A:Hewenttoseehissisteryesterday.B:ShegoestoEnglandtolearnEnglish.,Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup.Shestillsthereonceaweektohelpkidslearntoread.Shewenthometohavebreakfast.Imakealotof