英语五大句子基本结构

英语句法（一）,语法系列,一.英语句子的基本成分有8种：,主语(subject)谓语(predicate)宾语(object)定语(attribute)状语(adverbial)补语(complement)表语(predicative)同位语(Appositive),主语不及物动词Shecame/Myheadaches.主语及物动词宾语ShelikesEnglish.主语系动词主语补语Sheishappy主语双宾动词间接宾语直接宾语ShegaveJohnabookSheboughtabookforme.主语宾补动词宾语宾语补语ShemakeshermotherangryTheteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.There+beThereliesabookonthedesk.,简单句基本句型实例,简单句的基本词序,主语动词部分宾语状语（谓语）方式地点时间Iboughtahatyesterday.Thechildrenranhome.Thetaxidrivershoutedatmeangrily.Weateourmealinsilence.Thecarstoppedsuddenly.Ayounggirlwalkedconfidentlyintheroom.Theydrovehimawayinapolicecar.,基本句型实例,1.SV(主语不及物动词)Shecame.Myheadaches.Thebabyiscrying.,基本句型实例,2.SVC(主语系动词表语)SheishappyHeisastudent.,基本句型实例,3.SVO(主语及物动词宾语)ShelikesEnglish.Sheboughtaskirt.,基本句型实例,4.SVoO(主语动词间接宾语直接宾语)ShegaveJohnabookSheboughtabookforme.,基本句型实例,5.SVOC(主语动词宾语宾语补语)ShemakeshermotherangryWebelievedhimhonest.Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.,基本句型实例,6.SVA(主语动词状语)TheyliveinLosAngeles.7.SVOA(主语+动词+宾语+状语)Heputthecoininhismouth.,附属成份,基本成份的修饰语，可以是：定语：即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或从句状语：即用来修饰名词或代词以外的词的单词、短语或从句。,句子成分随堂练习找出下列各句中所包含的句子成分,LastweekIwenttothesupermarket.LastweekIwenttothesupermarket.状主谓状Theplaywasveryinteresting.Theplaywasveryinteresting.主系状表Icanthearaword.Icanthearaword.主谓宾Theyweretalkingloudly.Theyweretalkingloudly.主谓状,ItwasSunday.ItwasSunday.主系表IgetupearlyonSundays.IgetupearlyonSundays.主谓状状Ilookedattheyoungmanandtheyoungwomanangrily.Ilookedattheyoungmanandthe主谓宾youngwomanangrily.宾状,Ireadafewlines,butIdidntunderstandaword.Ireadafewlines,butIdidnt主谓定宾连主谓understandaword.谓宾Myholidayspassedquickly,butIdidntsendcardstomyfriends.Myholidayspassedquickly,butI主谓状连主didntsendcardstomyfriends.谓宾状,Igotupearlyandboughtthirtycards.Igotupearlyandboughtthirtycards.主谓状连谓定宾HeisworkingforabigfirmandhehasalreadyvisitedagreatnumberofdifferentplacesinAustralia.Heisworkingforabigfirmandhehas主谓状连主谓alreadyvisitedagreatnumberofdifferent状谓定定placesinAustralia.宾定,HehasjustboughtacarandhasgonetoAliceSprings,asmalltowninthecentreofAustralia.Hehasjustboughtacarand主谓状谓宾连hasgonetoAliceSprings,asmalltown谓状同位语inthecentreofAustralia.定,Hecallsateveryhouseinthestreetonceamonthandalwaysasksforamealandaglasso