初中定语从句

初中定语从句讲解,什么是定语从句呢？,答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,结构：先行词+关系词+句子,Matchthetwosentences1.Imreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._3.Idontliketheman.Heissmoking._4.Whereisthepicture?Youboughtitlastweek._,Imreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.,Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.,Idontlikethemanwho/thatissmoking.,Whereisthepicturethatwhichyouboughtlastweek?,Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.,先行词,_,_,关系词,_,定语从句,关系词,关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词:when,where,why,关系代词：指物：thatwhich指人：who(主/宾格)thatwhom（宾格）,关系代词：指物：thatwhich指人：who(主/宾格)thatwhom（宾格）,关系代词that,which引导的定语从句:如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应用that、which.(作主语或宾语),Thisisadream.Thedreamwillnevercometrue.,Thisisadreamwhich/thatwillnevercometrue.,Thedoghasbeenfound.Thedogwaslost.,Thedogwhichwaslosthasbeenfound.,Practise:Thisisthehousewhichisforsale.2.Thebookwhichislyingonthefloorismine.,which/that作主语.(不能省),（作主语）,which/that作宾语：（可省略）,Thisisthecard.Ivejustreceivedthecard.,Thisisthecardwhich/thatIvejustreceived.,Practise:Thisisthemistakewhich/thatIalwaysmake.Istillkeeptheletterswhichshewrotetome.Ilostthepenwhichmyfatherboughtme.,(),（作宾语）,关系代词who,that,whom引导的定语从句:如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用who,that(作主语或宾语)whom(作宾语),who/that作主语.(不能省),Thisisthefilmstar.ThefilmstarisverypopularinChina.,ThisisthefilmstarwhoisverypopularinChina.(作主语),TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledRoy.Doyouknowthemanwhospokeatthemeetingyesterday?Thegirlwhoiswateringtheflowersismycousin.,/that,who/whom/that作宾语：(可省略),Themanisafamouswriter.Hedescribedthemanjustnow.,Theman(who/whom/that)hedescribedjustnowisafamouswriter.(作宾语）,Theboywho(m)Imlookingforismyfriend.Thethiefhasbeensenttoprison.Thepolicecaughtthethieflastnight.,Thethiefwhomthepolicecaughtlastnighthasbeensenttoprison.,小结：that既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。which指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.,who指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）,注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。,有时只能用that,不用which,常见的情况有六种：,当先行词是all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,everybody,nobody,everyone,noone或被它们修饰时。ThatsallthatIknow.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked.2.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时ThatisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.,ThefirstthingthatIshoulddoistoreviewmylessons.3.当先行词有thevery,theonly,thesame等修饰时。ThatstheonlythingthatIcandonow.Thesearetheverywordsthatheused.4.当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句的关系词用that,而不用which或who.Whoisthegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow?Whichisthepenthatyoulost?,5.先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.ThemanandhisdogthatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.,whose作定语,表示所属关系。,Theboyismyclassmate.Theboysfatherisapoliceman.,Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate.,Achild_parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan(孤儿).A.whoB.whoseC.whosD.which,Exercise1:用关系代词填空,Theboy_isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.Thee-mail_Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.Ihatepeople_talkmuchbutdolittle.Thecar_myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.,who/that,which/that,who/that,which/that,5.Theman_hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.6.Isthereastudent_fatherisabusinessman?7.Thisisthehouse_wehavelivedfor10years.8.Iveneverheardofthepeopleandthings_youtalkedaboutjustnow.,whose,whose,where,that,当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.,Exercise2.,Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthings_theycouldntremember.Sayall_youknow.Isthereanything_Icandoforyou?,that,that,that,当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等词时，关系代词只能用that.,4.Thisisthefirstplay_IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_Ihaveread.,that,that,当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.,6.Whoisthegirl_isstandingunderthetree?7.Whichisthemachine_weusedlastSunday.,当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.,that,that,关系副词：when/where/why,when作时间状语:Shewillneverforgettheday.Shewasmarriedonthatday.,Shewillneverforgetthedaywhenshewasmarried.,Itwastheyear.TheWorldWarIbrokeoutintheyear.,ItwastheyearwhentheWorldWarIbrokeout.,where作地点状语,Iwanttoknowtheplace.Iwasbornthere.,IwanttoknowtheplacewhereIwasborn.,why作原因状语,其先行词常常是thereason.,Thatisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Imlate.,Iknowthereasonwhyhesaidit.,why=forwhich,Exercise,1.October1,1949istheday_thePRCwasfounded.whichB.whenC.thatD.onthat2.Isthatthereason_youarefortheplan.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat,3.October1,1949istheday_thePRCwasfounded.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.onthat4.Isthistheplace_youwereborn?A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that,挑战高难度！,1.Isthistheplace_youwereborn?A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that2.Isthistheplace_someGermanfriendsvisitedlastyear?A.whichB.whereC.whatD.why,3.Thehouse_thefamouswriterwrotehisworksisamuseu