2009年英语专业四级阅读解析版本

.TEXT ADo you realize that every time you take a step, the bones in your hip are subjected to forces between four and five times your body weight? 81When you are running, this force is increased further still. What happens if through disease a hip-joint ceases to be able to resist such forces? For many years hip-joints and other body joints have been replaceable either partially or completely. It is after all a simple ball and socket joint; it has certain loads imposed on it; it needs reliability over a defined life; it must contain materials suitable for the working environment. 82Any engineer will recognize these as characteristic of a typical engineering problem,(工程师觉得这是一个典型的机械问题) which doctors and engineers have worked together to solve, in order to bring a fresh lease（租约；租期；租赁物；租赁权）of life to people who would otherwise be disabled.This typifies the way in which engineers work to help people and create a better quality of life. The fact that this country has the most efficient agricultural industry in the world is another good example. 84Mechanical engineers have worked with farmers and biologists to produce fertilizers, machinery and harvesting systems. This team effort has now produced crops uniformly waist high or less so that they are better suited to 83mechanical harvesting. Similar advances with other crops have released people from hard and boring jobs for more creative work, whilst 83machines harvest crops more efficiently with less waste. Providing more food for the rapidly increasing population is yet another role for the mechanical engineer.81. According to the passage, when would most weight be imposed on hip-joints?A. When one is walking. B. When one is running.C. When one is standing. D. When one is lying down.解析：细节类。第一段开头“when you are running, this force is increased further still”当你跑步的时候，这种受力会加重。关键：读懂题目。就算没有读懂，其他三项也没有提到，因此可以排除。“Do you realize that every time you take a step, the bones in your hip are subjected to forces between four and five times your body weight?”你是否意识到自己每次迈步的时候，胯关节的受力是体重的四至五倍？。此句话的主干是 “Do you realize that”that后面引导一宾语从句。宾语从句的主干是：the bones in your hip are subjected to forces；“every time you take a step”作时间状语从句，between four and five times your body weight作后置定语，修饰前面的forces。 *are subjected to易遭受 Steel surfaces are subjected to wetting before painting。 底材表面在涂装前受到湿润。82. Engineers regard the replacement of hip-joints as a(n) _ problem.A. mechanical B. medicalC. healthD. Agricultural解析：细节类。Mechanical : adj. 机械的；力学的；呆板的；无意识的；手工操作的； engineering n. 工程，工程学 v. 设计；管理（engineer的ing形式）；建造83. According to the passage, how do engineers contribute to increasing efficiency of the agricultural industry?A. By working with farmers. B. By working in teams.C. By growing crops of the same height. D. By making agricultural machinery.解析：推断类。第二段提到“mechanical harvesting”，“machines harvest crops more efficiently。”可以推断出工程师致力于推进农业的机械化进程。并不因为A.B 而使得效率性高。C 也是达到机械化农业的其中一个因素。Similar advances 指的就是agricultural machinery.84. According to the context, “This team effort” in Paragraph Two refers to _.A. mechanical engineers B. doctors and engineersC. biologists, doctors and farmers D. farmers, biologists and engineers解析：指代类。“mechanical engineers have worked with farmers and biologists to produce fertilizers， machinery and harvesting systems”，这个团队的努力包括农场主、生物学家和工程师。TEXT B：Hello? Im glad you calledNowadays, 85Aa cellphone service is available to everyone, everywhere. Probably thousands of people have already been using it, 85Dbut I just discovered it, so Im going to claim it and also name it: Fake Foning. （然而是我刚刚发现它的，所以我打算对此项发现申报享有权，并给它命名为Fake Foning。）85BThe technology has been working well for me at the office, but there are infinite applications. Virtually（事实上，几乎）in any public space. （这项技术对我来说在办公室一直很是管用，但是它能无限开发，几乎任何公共空间都没问题：事实上它的用处远不止这些。）Say you work at a big university with lots of talky faculty members buzzing about. Now, say you need to use the restroom. The trip down the hall will take approximately one hour, because a person cant walk into those talky people without getting pulled aside for a question, a bit of gossip, a new read on a certain line of Paradise Lost.（假设你在一所规模较大的大学工作，周围净是一些多嘴多舌的教职员工且不提多嘴多舌的学生整天叽叽喳喳。话说你内紧需要上厕所，你知道，光穿过大厅就得 花费你大约一个小时的时间。这是因为，遇上那些嘴上闲不着的人，不管你愿意不，就得与他们交谈。他们也许会问你一个问题，也许传播点有关某人的流言蜚语， 也许是对某个文学名著的一个句子的一些新的解释。）So, a cellphone. Any cellphone. Just pick it up. Dont dial. Just hold that phone to your face and start talking. Walk confidently down the hall engaged in fake conversation, making sure to tailor both the topic and content to the person standing before you whom you are trying to evade.（所以，一部手机，随便什么样的手机，拿起来就是了，但不要拨号，把它放在耳边开始说话，一边装模作样地进行对话，一边表情从容地走过大厅。对话的大意和内容要因人而异，让站在你面前的那个你极力要回避的人确实感到，你无法和他（她）说话。）For standard colleague avoidance, I suggest fake chatting about fake business:“Yes, Im glad you called, because we really need to hammer out the details. Whats that? Yes, I read Page 12, but if you look at the bottom of 4, I think you can see the problem begins right there.”（说到标准的同事之间的回避，我建议假装聊些业务方面的事情：“是啊，这就是为什么我很高兴你打电话来，细节方面我们确实需要仔细推敲推敲。什么？啊对，12页我看了，不过如果你看了4页下面的内容，我想你就会明白，问题正是从那儿开始的。”）87Be animated. Be engaged in your fake fone conversation. 87 ABCMake eye contact with the people passing, nod to them, gesture keen interest in talking to them at a later time, point to your phone, shrug（耸肩）and move on.要栩栩如生，装得象真事似的。要全神贯注于你的虚假谈话之中。对路过的人用眼神接触，向他们点头致意，指指你的手机，耸耸肩，表示你很想与他们交谈，只是现在不行，然后继续前行。Animate v. Adj. 有生气的，鼓动Animated adj:-an animated cartoon/movie/show: a movie or program made by photographing a series of pictures,or by drawing a series of pictures with a computer-showing a lot of interest and energy: We had a very animated discussion about womens right.Engage 吸引，占用；使参加；雇佣；使订婚；预定Engage in sth: to take part or become involved in an activity: the two companies are engaged in a price war.Shoppers should consider fake foning anytime they spot a talky neighbor in the produce department pinching (用手捏) unripe peaches. Without your phone at your face, youd be in for a 20-minute speech on how terrible the world is.购物者在果蔬部看到爱扯老婆舌的邻居正在掐捏未成熟的桃子，应考虑随时进行“fake foning”。没有手机在你的耳边，你恐怕得忍受一个关于这个世界如何如何糟糕的言论。88One important caution about fake foning The other day I was fake foning my way past a colleague, and he was actually following me to get my attention. I knew he wanted to ask about a project I had not yet finished. I was trying to buy myself some time, so I continued fake foning with my doctor. “So I dont need the operation? Oh, doctor, that is the best news.”打“fake foning”电话要格外谨慎。有一天，我碰到一个同事时打了fake foning”。他实际上眼睛一直盯着我想引起我的注意，我知道他想问一个我还没有完成的项目，我想尽量给自己再争取点时间,所以我继续和我的医生打虚假电话：“那么说，我不需要要手术了？天哪，大夫，这是我听到的最好的消息。”And then: Brrrrrmg! Brrrrrmg! Brrrrrmg! My phone started ringing, right there while it was planted on my face. My colleague looked at me, and I at him, and naturally I gasped. 89“What is the matter with this thing?” I said, pulling the phone away to look at it, and then putting it back to my ear.“Hello? Are you still there?”Oops. int. 哎哟（表示惊讶，狼狈时所发的喊声）这时，嘟!嘟!嘟! 我的手机铃声响了，而此时，我的手机正在我的耳边，我的同事诧异地看着我，我也看着他，自然地吸了口气说：“这东西咋得了？”将手机从耳边拿开看了看，然后重新放回耳边。“喂，你还在吗？”哎呀。85. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Cellphone service is popular among people. B. Cellphone has much use in office.C. Fake foning is a new cellphone service. D. Fake foning is a new discovery.解析：推断类。可用排除法。从第一、二段可以知道，手机业务在人民当中非常流行，可用于办公室中，Fake foning 指的是作者有一个新的发现：假装接手机，而不是新的业务。86. What is fake foning?A. A strategy to avoid people. B. A device newly produced.C. A service provided everywhere. D. A skill of communication.解析：推断理解类。作者假装借手机是为了躲避和某些人交谈。87. In the authors opinion, in order to make fake foning look real one has to _.A. talk about interesting matters B. behave politely to people passing byC. hold the phone while walking D. appear absorbed in conversation解析：细节类。Be animated. Be engaged in your fake fone conversation. 为了让假装接收机显得更加逼真，应该更加投入到手机交谈中。A.B和C都只是让假装的手机交谈显得更加逼真的表现之一。88. What does the last example show?A. One effective way is to fake fone ones doctor. 错误，只是假装跟医生讲电话B. One has to be careful while fake foning.C. Fake foning may not deceive people. D. Fake foning is always quite successful.解析：推断类。One important caution about fake foning 这段主旨句，接下来讲例子。文章最后的例子是作者在假装接手机的时候，手机突然响了，作者用了这个特别有趣的例子告诉我们要小心露馅。89. After his phone suddenly began ringing, the author _.A. immediately started talking to the callerB. immediately started talking to his colleagueC. put the phone away and stopped talkingD. continued with his fake conversation解析：细节类。当作者的手机开始响起来的时候，作者还是继续把戏演了下去。看懂！90. What is the tone of the passage? 态度类。A. Critical. B. Humorous.C. Serious. D. Unclear.解析：作者用非常幽默的口吻,有趣的事例来介绍假装接手机来躲避不愿与之交谈的人。TEXT CIt was late in the afternoon, and I was putting the final touch on a piece of writing that I was feeling pretty good about. I wanted to save it, 91but my cursor had frozen计算机屏幕上的光标不能移动了. I tried to shut the computer down, and it seized up altogether. Unsure of what else to do, I yanked (用来猛拉) the battery out.Cursor: 光标 move the cursorMouse：鼠标 click the mouse1. freeze frozen freezing2. ADJ If the ground is frozen it has become very hard because the weather is very cold. (地面) 冰冻的例：It was bitterly cold now and the ground was frozen hard.现在天气冷极了，地面冻硬了。3. ADJ Frozen food has been preserved by being kept at a very low temperature. 冷冻的 (食物)例：Frozen fish is a very healthy convenience food.冻鱼是一种非常健康的方便食品。4. ADJ If you say that you are frozen, or a part of your body is frozen, you are emphasizing that you feel very cold. 冻僵的例：Im frozen out here.我在这儿要冻僵了。PHRASE: - Frozen stiff means the same as frozen. 冻僵的 (同frozen) - be frozen with fear/terror/fright: to be so afraid, shocked etc. That you cannot moveUnfortunately, Windows had been in the midst of a delicate and crucial undertaking. The next morning, when I turned my computer back on, it informed me that a file had been corrupted and Windows would not load. Then, it offered to repair itself by using the Windows Setup CD.corrupt krpt Vt 1. 使腐败(尤指通过贿赂)；行贿：He tried to corrupt the policeman with money. 他设法用金钱向警察行贿。2. 使堕落；使走邪路：She has corrupted her children. 她把孩子给惯坏了。3. 使腐烂：One corrupt apple corrupts many sound ones. 一个烂苹果可以使许多好苹果烂掉。一颗老鼠屎，坏掉一锅汤4. 使讹误；讹用：The text was corrupted by careless copyists. 原文因抄写者粗心而有讹误。Vi. 变腐败，腐化；堕落：Power tends to corrupt. 掌权者容易腐化堕落。I opened the special drawer where I keep CDs. But no Windows CD in there. I was forced to call the computer companys Global Support Centre全球客户支持中心. My call was answered by a woman in some unnamed, far-off land. I find it annoying to make small talk （闲聊，聊天)with someone when I dont know what continent theyre standing on. Suppose I were to comment on the beautiful weather weve been having when there was a monsoon(季风，雨季）at the other end of the phone? So I got right to the point.“My computer is telling me a file is corrupted and it wants to fix itself, but I dont have the Windows Setup CD.”“So youre having a problem with your Windows Setup CD.” 92She has apparently been dozing (打瞌睡)and, having come to just as the sentence ended, was attempting to cover for her inattention漫不经心.92It quickly became clear that the woman was not a computer technician. Her job was to serve as a gatekeeper, a human shield for the technicians. Her sole duty, as far as I could tell, was to raise global stress levels女接线员让作者越来越恼怒。shield/ild/( shields, shielding, shielded )1. N- Something or someone which is a shield against a particular danger or risk provides protection from it. 防护物; 保护人例：He used his left hand as a shield against the reflecting sunlight.他用左手遮挡反射过来的阳光。2. V-T If something or someone shields you from a danger or risk, they protect you from it. 保护例：He shielded his head from the sun with an old sack. 他用一个旧袋子遮住头来防晒。3. V-T If you shield your eyes, you put your hand above your eyes to protect them from direct sunlight. 遮挡例：He squinted and shielded his eyes. 他眯着眼并遮住眼睛。4. N- shield is a large piece of metal or leather which soldiers used to carry to protect their bodies while they were fighting. 盾例：He clanged his sword three times on his shield. 他用他的剑当当当地敲了3下盾。5. N-COUNTA shield is a sports prize or badge that is shaped like a shield. 盾形奖章; 盾形徽章To make me disappear, the woman gave me the phone number for Windows creator, Microsoft. This is like giving someone the phone number for, I dont know, North America. Besides, the CD worked; I just didnt have it. No matter how many times I repeated my story, we came back to the same place. She was calm and resolutely polite.When my voice hit a certain decibel (分贝), I was passed along, like a hot, irritable potato, to a technician.“You dont have the Windows Setup CD, maam, because you dont need it,” he explained cheerfully. “Windows came preinstalled on your computer!”“But I do need it.”“Yes, but you dont have it.” We went on like this for a while. 93Finally, he offered to walk me through the use of a different CD, one that would erase my entire system. “Of course, youd lose all your e-mail, your documents, your photos.” 94It was like offering to drop a safe on my head to cure my headache. “You might be able to recover them, but it would be expensive.” He sounded delighted. “And its not covered by the warranty (产品保证书) !” The safe began to seem like a good idea, provided it was full.93I hung up the phone and drove my computer to a small, friendly repair place Id heard about. A smart, helpful man dug out (dig out 翻出)a Windows CD and told me it wouldnt be a problem. An hour later, he called to let me know it was ready. I thanked him, and we chatted about the weather, which was the same outside my window as it was outside his.91. Why did the author shut down her computer abruptly?A. She had saved what she had written. B. She couldnt move the cursor.C. The computer refused to work. D. The computer offered to repair itself.Abrupt: abruptly: abruptness-sudden and unexpected: there may be an abrupt change in weather patterns.-seeming rude and unfriendly: “change it” he says in his abrupt, no-nonsense style.我想要保存它，可是鼠标动不了。我试图关掉电脑，可是失灵了。由于不知道该怎么办，我猛地拉出了电池。可见作者突然关掉电脑，是因为电脑失灵了，即没法正常工作了，所以答案为C.而A选项保存她所写的文档，文中并未提及，而且她的文档并没有保存。B选项她没法移动鼠标，只是电脑失灵的一个方面。D选项跟题目完全不干。92. Which of the following is the authors opinion about the woman at the Global Support Centre?A. She sounded helpful and knowledgeable.B. She was there to make callers frustrated.C. She was able to solve her computer problem.D. She was quick to pass her along to a technician.解析：raise global stress levels提高全球压力。 即使打进电话的人感到挫折，对应于B选项，故此题答案为B.A选项说她乐于助人，且学识渊博，可文中说她只是个看门的，可见学识并不渊博。文中提到cover for her inattention掩盖她的不注意，说明她对打过电话的人说的话都不怎么注意听，更加不可能说她是乐于助人的，故排除此项。C选项说那个接线员可以解决她的电脑问题，可文中说她并不是电脑技术工，也不能解决她的电脑问题，故也排除。D选项说她很快把她的电话转入给技术工，No matter how many times I repeated my story, we came back to the same place.可文中说了是在她们谈了很久之后才给转入的，故也排除。93. According to the passage, the solution offered by the technician was _.A. effective B. economicalC. Unpractical 不切实际的 D. Unacceptable解析：推断类。从第12段可以看出技术人员提出的解决方案毫无用处。技术工给他提供另外一个CD，可是这样会消毁以前的系统，以前电脑上的东西会全都没有了。这个方法就是掉一个保险柜在我头上来治好我的头痛一样，是不切实际的，对应于D选项。94. “It was like offering to drop a safe on my head to cure my headache” in the last but one paragraph means that _.A. the technicians proposal would make things even worseB. the technicians proposal could eventually solve the problemC. files stored on her computer were like a safeD. erasing the entire system was like curing a headache掉一个保险柜在我头上来治好我的头痛一样。这样只会带来更大的伤害，头痛只是小事，但保险柜掉在头上，有可能会使头破裂，流血。故对应于A选项。95. It can be inferred from the passage that the differences between the Global Support Centre and the local repair shop lie in all the following EXCEPT _. A. efficiency B. locationC. setup CDs D. Attitude解析：推断类。可用排除法。CD盘的重装都是一样的。此题问的是他们之间的不同点有哪些，除了以下的哪个？首先：那个 Global Support Centre 接线员是：No matter how many times I repeated my story, we came back to the same place.谈了多少次，总是回到原点。而the local repair shop man :An hour later, he called to let me know it was ready. 一小时候，就打电话给我说修好了，这说明高效率，排除A选项。 My call was answered by a woman in some unnamed, far-off land. 说明the Global Support Centre 离作者住的地方很远，we chatted about the weather, which was the same outside my window as it was outside his.说明那个老人和作者就住在相同的地方，排除B选项。She has apparently been dozing and, having come to just as the sentence ended, was attempting to cover for her inattention. A smart, helpful man dug out a Windows CD and told me it wouldnt be a problem. 一个是不注意别人的谈话，另一个是helpful，即双方态度不同，排除D选项。而C选项，作者需要的CD是一样的，所以选择答案为：C.Lie: lay lain lying 平躺，位于，说谎，展现Be in a place: to be in a particular place: the town lies in a small wooded valley.Exist: used to say where sth such as a reason or answer can be founded: the solution lies in alternative sources of power.TEXT DNot long ago, a mysterious Christmas card dropped through our mail slot（位置；狭槽；水沟；硬币投币口）. The envelope was addressed to a man named Raoul, who, I was relatively certain, did not live with us. The envelope wasnt sealed（adj. 密封的；未知的）, so I opened it. The inside of the card was blank. Ed, my husband, explained that the card was both from and to the newspaper deliveryman. His name was apparently Raoul, and 96Raoul wanted a holiday tip邮递员通过寄送空白明信片的方式来索要小费. We were meant to put a check inside the card and then drop the envelope in the mail. When your services are rendered at 4 a.m., you cant simply hang around, like a hotel bellboy expecting a tip. You have to be direct. 当你是在凌晨4点进行工作时，不可能像酒店的服务员一样，