大学英语四级-选词填空-专项训练2014-2015共12套

大学英语六级-cloze 专项训练Cloze 5 (10 minutes) CET 6 2014/6-1A) advantages B) assess C) bother D) conserved E) deductionF) discount G) embarrass H) features I) fluctuate J) indefiniteK) insured L) major M) naturally N) potential O) simultaneouslyFor investors who desire low risk and guaranteed income, US government bonds are a secure investment because these bonds have the financial backing and full faith and credit of the federal government. Municipal bonds, also secure, are offered by local governments and often have_ 36_such as tax-free interest. Some may even be_37_. Corporate bonds are a bit more risky.Two questions often_38_first-time corporate bond investors. The first is “If I purchase a corporate bond, do I have to hold it until the maturity date?” The answer is no. Bonds are bought and sold daily on_39_securities exchanges. However, if you decide to sell your bond before its maturity date, youre not guaranteed to get the face value of the bond. For example, if your bond does not have_40_ that make it attractive to other investors, you may be forced to sell your bond at a_ 41_, i.e., a price less than the bonds face value. But if your bond is highly valued by other investors, you may be able to sell it at a premium, i. e ., a price above its face value. Bond prices generally_42_inversely (相反地) with current market interest rates. As interest rates go up, bond prices fall, and vice versa (反之亦然）. Thus, like all investments, bonds have a degree of risk.The second question is “ How can I_43_the investment risk of a particular bond issue?”Standard & Poors and Moodys Investors Service rate the level of risk of many corporate and government bonds. And_44_, the higher the market risk of a bond, the higher the interest rate. Investors will invest in a bond considered risky only if the _45_ return is high enough.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2作答。【答案与解析】 36.A)advantages 【解析】这里应该填入名词，suchas是举例，例子后面是免税，是政府债券的好处。此处答案应该表示好处。答案为A。 37.K)insured 【解析】be后面应该跟动词的过去分词形式。这里仍然是讲政府债券的好处，因此答案为K)被担保的，体现其低风险的特点。 38.C)bother 【解析】主语是复数，questions，时态often应该是一般现在时，应该是动词原形。结合文意，应该选C)bother（困扰）。 39.H)major 【解析】空后是证券交易市场，前面应该是形容词。major（主要的）为最佳选项。 40.A)features 【解析】这里应该名词，后面的make是原形，应该是复数名词。唯一符合该条件的是features（特征，特点）。 41.F)discount 【解析】i.e.后面说售出价格比债券票面价值低，应该是打折出售，低价出售，atadiscount是固定搭配，表示打折。 42.I)fluctuate 【解析】空中应该是动词原形，表示和市场利率方向变化，选能表示变化的词即可。 43.B)assess 【解析】单词在一个问句中。随后的回答中两家公司为投资的风险评价等级，因此空中应该是评估投资风险。 44.M)naturally 【解析】应该填入一个副词，naturally表示“当然了，那还用说”的意思。 45.N)potential 【解析】这里应该填入一个形容词，前一句话提到风险越高，回报越高，因此潜在的汇报足够高时消费者才会投资高风险的项目。 【参考译文】 对于那些想要低风险和有保障的收入的投资者而言，美国国债是很安全的投资。因为这些国债有着经济后盾以及联邦政府的充足信用。地方政府债券也同样安全，它由地方政府发放，经常有点好处，比如免税。有些政府债券甚至有担保。公司的债券风险就则会高一点。 有两个问题经常困扰第一次投资公司债券的投资者。第一个是“如果我购买了公司债券，我需要一直持有债券到到期日么？”答案是否定的。债券每天都会在主要的证券交易市场进行买卖。但是，如果你决定要在到期日之前卖掉债券，你就不一定得到债券的票面价值。譬如说，你的债券缺乏吸引其他投资者的特点，你可能就会被迫打折卖掉股票，也就是以一个低于债券票面价值的价格卖掉它。但是如果你的债券被其他投资者看好，你可以以高价卖掉它，也就是比票面价值更高的价格。债券价格通常与实时市场利率的波动相反。当利率上升的时候，债券价格会下降，反之亦然。因此，就像所有的投资品一样，债券也有一定的风险。 第二个问题是“我该如何评估特定债券的投资风险？”标准普尔和穆迪投资公司为许多公司和政府债券的投资风险评级。当然了，股票的市场风险越高，投资回报率就越高。对于被认为有风险的债券，只有当它的潜在回报足够高时，投资者们才会对它进行投资。 Cloze 6 (10 minutes) CET 6 2014/6-22014.6【2】A) accustomed B) carefully C) cautiously D) concrete E) credibility F) decayed G) desire H) dimensions I) eligible J) exposed K) indication L) occasions M) permanent N) sensitivity O) translated Fear can be an effective way to change behavior. One study compared the effects of high-tear and low-fear appeals on changes in attitudes and behaviors related to dental hygiene（卫生）. One group of subjects was shown awful pictures of _36_teeth and diseased gums; another group was shown less frightening materials such as plastic teeth, charts, and graphs. Subjects who saw the frightening materials reported more anxiety and a greater_37_to change the way they took care of their teeth than the low-fear group did. But were these reactions actually_38_into better dental hygiene practices? To answer this important question, subjects were called back to the laboratory on two_39_ (five days and six weeks alter the experiment). They chewed disclosing wafers（牙疾诊断片）that give a red stain to any uncleaned areas of the teeth and thus provided a direct_40_of how well they were really taking care of their teeth. The result showed that the high-fear appeal did actually result in greater and more_41_changes in dental hygiene. That is, the subjects_42_to high-fear warnings brushed their teeth more_43_than did those who saw low-fear warnings. However, to be an effective persuasive device it is very important that the message not be too frightening and that people be given_44_guidelines to help them to reduce the cause of the fear. If this isnt done, they may reduce their anxiety by denying the message or the_45_of the communicator. If that happens, it is unlikely that either attitude or behavior change will occur. Key:36.F 37.G 38.O 39.L 40.K 41.D 42.J 43.B 44.I 45.ECloze 7 (10 minutes) CET 6 2014/6-32014.6【3】A assume B confidential C disagree D formula E forthcoming F illustrating G mysteriously H observe I optimistic J package K radically L reality M separately N spoiling O underestimateMillions of Americans are entering their 60s and are more concerned than ever about retire-ment. They know they need to save, but how much? And what exactly are they saving for-to spend more time 36 the grandkids, go travelling, or start another career? It turns out that husbands and wives may have 37 different ideas about the subject.The deepest divide is in the way spouses envisage their lifestyle in their later years. Fidelity In-vestments Inc. found 41 percent of the 500 couples it surveyed 38 on whether both or at least one spouse will work in retirement. Wives are generally right regarding their husbands retirement age,but men 39 the age their wives will be when they stop working. And husbands are slightly more 40 about their standard of living than wives are.Busy juggling(穷于应付) careers and families, most couples dont take the time to sit down,41 or together, and think about what they would like to do 5, 10, or 20 years from now. They 42 they are on the same page, but the 43 is they have avoided even talking about it.If you are self-employed or in a job that doesnt have a standard retirement age, you may be more apt to delay thinking about these issues. It is often a 44 retirement date that provides the cat -alyst (催化剂) to start planning. Getting laid off or accepting an early-retirement 45 can force your hand. But don爷t wait until you get a severance(遣散费) check to begin planning.Key:36. N 37. K 38. C 39. O 40. I 41. M 42. A 43. L 44. E 45. JCloze 1 (10 minutes) CET 6-2014/12-1A. conform B. eccentric C. environmentalist D. expeditionsE. impact F. notions G. organic H. originally I. recognition J. respond K. subordinate L. suppressing M. throne N. unnaturally O. urgingHis future subjects have not always treated the Prince of Wales with the respect one might expect. They laughed aloud in 1986 when the heir to the British (36) _ told a TV reporter that he talked to his plants at his country house, Highgrove, to stimulate their growth. The Prince was being humorous“My sense of humor will get me into trouble one day,”he said to the aides (随从)but listening to Charles Windsor can indeed prove stimulating. The royal (37)_ that been promoting radical ideas for most of his adult life, some of his (38) _ which once sounded a hit weird were simply ahead of their time. Now, finally, the world seems to be catching up with him.Take his views on farming. Prince Charles Duchy Home Farm went (39) _ back to 1996.when most shoppers cared only about the low price tag on suspiciously blemish-free(无瑕疵的)Vegetables and (40) _ large chickens piled high in supermarkets.His warnings on climate change proved farsighted; too Charles began (41) _ action on global warming in 1990 and says he has been worried about the (42) _ of man on the environment since he was a teenager.Although he has gradually gained international (43) _ as one of the a worlds leading conservationists, many British people still think of him as an (44) _ person who talks to plants This year, as it happens, South Korean scientists proved that plants really do (45) _ to sound. So Charles was ahead of the game there, too.36-40：MCFHN 41-45：OEIBJCET6- 2014.12【02】A. accidentally B. acquiring C. assumptions D. convenience E. eventuallyF. exclude G. exertion H. exploration I. formulas J. ignite K. impart L. inquiring M. passion N. provoking O. unfortunatelyChildren are natural-born scientists. They have 36 minds, and they arent afraid to admit they dont know something. Most of them, 37 , lose this as they get older. They become self-conscious and dont want to appear stupid. Instead of finding things out for themselves they make 38 that often turn out to be wrong.So its not a case of getting kids interested in science. You just have to avoid killing the 39 for learning that they were born with. It s no coincidence that kids start deserting science once it becomes formalized. Children naturally have a blurred approach to 40 knowledge. They see learning about science or biology or cooking as all part of the same act its all learning. Its only because of the practicalities of education that you have to start breaking down the curriculum into specialist subjects. You need to have specialist teachers who 41 what they know. Thus once they enter school, children begin to define subjects and erect boundaries that neednt otherwise exist.Dividing subjects into science, maths, English, etc. is something we do for 42 . In the end its all learning, but many children today 43 themselves from a scientific education. They think science is for scientists, not for them.Of course we need to specialise 44 . Each of us has only so much time on Earth, so we cant study everything. At 5 years old, our field of knowledge and 45 is broad, covering anything from learning to walk to learning to count. Gradually it narrows down so that by the time we are 45, it might be one tiny little corner within science.36.L 37.O 38.C 39.M 40.B 41.K 42.D 43.F 44.E 45.HA)accidentally adv.B)acquiringC)assumptions n.D)convenience n.E)eventually adv.F)excludeG)exertion n.H)exploration n.I)formulas n.J)igniteK)impartL)inquiringM)passion n.N)provokingO)unfortunately adv.此项屡屡失分的孩儿们真得戴个金箍了，为师负责考前念几遍紧箍咒。选词填空这种占用精力分值不高又难搞的小三题型（呸呸哒）就应当放在手握生杀大权的正房（仔细阅读及长篇阅读）之后关照的。现在，标出纯名词和副词（如上表）。36. 根据前后句子成分，They have 36 minds，发现结构完整，判定36空是修饰成分，又因为修饰minds是名词，因此36空应是一个形容词，可能带有形容词性的词有且仅有acquiring、inquiring、provoking这三姐妹，根据后半句and they arent afraid to admit they dont know something可选出最适合的选项应为inquiring（爱追根究底的）。37. Most of them, 37 lose this as they get older.本句空格去除后结构完整，修饰成分修饰lose因此为副词，accidentally、eventually、unfortunately三兄弟夹道欢迎你呢，根据前后句意义有转折，对应有转折色彩的只有unfortunately（不幸的是）。38. 此处they make 38 that often turn out to be wrong句中that从句修饰空格处的词汇，应为名词，assumptions、convenience、exertion、exploration、formulas、passion六扇门向你打开，选择吧骚年！能够和make搭配的只有assumptions、exertion、exploration，而能被wrong修饰的就只有assumptions了。39. You just have to avoid killing the 39 for learning that they were born with.由冠词the得出空格应填名词，还剩下convenience、exertion、exploration、formulas、passion备选，根据词义最佳选项应为passion。40. Children naturally have a blurred approach to 40 knowledge. 句中的an approach to意为：学习的途径。to后接名词性的词，而convenience、exertion、exploration、formulas中似乎没有和knowledge完美搭配的词，那就回到选项中寻找名词性的另一种形式：动名词。根据句义发现acquiring可以匹配，那么就决定是你了皮卡丘！41. You need to have specialist teachers who 41 what they know.由于who引导的是从句因此成分应完整，所以缺少的是动词，并由从句的先行词teachers的复数判断动词应为原型。exclude、ignite、impart三选一，根据词义排除exclude，剩下来两个词竟然都不认识！实际上，08年6月的真题中曾出现过ignite（点火）一词，但不合题意排除，得出impart（传授）最适合。42. Dividing subjects into science, maths, English, etc. is something we do for 42 . 此处需要一个名词，convenience、exertion、exploration、formulas，根据句义选择convenience。43. In the end its all learning, but many children today 43 themselves from a scientific education. 根据成分分析此处缺少一个谓语动词，且判断时态为一般现在时，符合条件的男嘉宾只有exclude、ignite可选，能和句中from配对只有exclude from（把排斥在外）。44. Of course we need to specialise 44 . 此处句子可能缺失宾语也可能不缺少成分，因为specialise可作及物也可作不及物动词，那么备选项可以是名词也可以是副词。名词还剩下exertion、exploration、formulas，意思均不符，因此再考虑副词accidentally、eventually，联系上下句发现eventually较符合文义。45. At 5 years old, our field of knowledge and 45 is broad. 此处有and并列，根据knowledge判断空格应为名词。剩余exertion、exploration、formulas中能和broad有关的只有exploration了。CET6 -2014.12【03】A. abstract B. completely C. deserted D. duplication E. everything F. identical G. Increasingly H. miniature I. nothing J. ordinary K. overturning L. separated M. surrounding N. systematically O. temptingIt was 10 years ago, on a warm July night, that a newborn lamb took her first breath in a small shed in Scotland. From the outside, she looked no different from thousands of other sheep born on 36 farms. But Dolly,as the world soon came to realize, was no 37 lamb. She was cloned from a single cell of an adult female sheep, 38 long-held scientific dogma that had declared such a thing biologically impossible.A decade later, scientists are starting to come to grips with just how different Dolly was. Dozens of animals have been cloned since that first lamb mice, cats, cows, and, most recently, a dog and its becoming 39 clear that they are all, in one way or another, defective.Its 40 to think of clones as perfect carbon copies of the original.It turns out, though, that there are various degrees of genetic 41 . That may come as a shock to people who have paid thousands of dollars to clone a pet cat only to discover that the baby cat looks and behaves 42 like their beloved pet with a different-color coat of fur, perhaps, or a 43 different attitude toward its human hosts.And these are just the obvious differences. Not only are clones 44 from the original template (模板) by time, but they are also the product of an unnatural molecular mechanism that turns out not to be very good at making 45 copies. In fact, the process can embed small flaws in the genes of clones that scientists are only now discovering.36.M 37.J 38.K 39.G 40.O 41.D 42.I 43.B 44.L 45.F Cloze 2 (10 minutes) 2015-6 CET 6-1A） benefits B） displaced C） employed D） eventually E） impact F） jobless G） primarily H） productiveI） prosperity J） responsive K） rhythm L） sentimentsM） shrunk N） swept O） withdrawnInnovation, the elixir (灵丹妙药) of progress, has always cost people their jobs. In the Industrial Revolution hand weavers were _36_ aside by the mechanical loom. Over the past 30 years the digital revolution has _37_ many of the mid-skill jobs that underpinned 20th-century middle-class life. Typists, ticket agents, bank tellers and many production-line jobs have been dispensed with, just as the weavers were.For those who believe that technological progress has made the world a better place, such disruption is a natural part of rising _38_. Although innovation kills some jobs, it creates new and better ones, as a more _39_ society becomes richer and its wealthier inhabitants demand more goods and services. A hundred years ago one in three American workers was _40_ on a farm. Today less than 2% of them produce far more food. The millions freed from the land were not rendered _41_, but found better-paid work as the economy grew more sophisticated. Today the pool of secretaries has_42_, but there are ever more computer programmers and web designers.Optimism remains the right starting-point, but for workers the dislocating effects of technology may make themselves evident faster than its _43_. Even if new jobs and wonderful products emerge, in the short term income gaps will widen, causing huge social dislocation and perhaps even changing politics. Technologys _44_ will feel like a tornado (旋风), hitting the rich world first, but _45_ sweeping through poorer countries too. No government is prepared for it.36-40 N sweptB displacedA benefitsH productiveC employed41-45 F joblessM shrunkK rhythmE impactD eventuallyCloze 3 (10 minutes) 2015/6 CET 6-2Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage. A) assess B) constrained C) contains D) explore E) influence F) interacting G) interpretation H) magnified I) mirrors J) philosophy K) potential L) sneaking M) sticking N) undermines O) violent That which does not kill us makes us stronger. But parents cant handle it when teenagers put this 36_ into practice. Now technology has become the new field for the age-old battle between adults and their freedom-seeking kids. Locked indoors, unable to get on their bicycles and hang out with their friends, teens have turned to social media and their mobile phones to socialize with their peers. What they do online often 37_ what they might otherwise do if their mobility werent so heavily 38_ in the age of helicopter parenting. Social media and smart-phone apps have become so popular in recent years because teens need a place to call their own. They want the freedom to 39_ their identity and the world a