利用反拍卖技术提高企业和政府采购透明度(ppt 35页).ppt

1,如何利用反拍卖技术提高企业和政府采购透明度降低采购成本HowCanEnterprisesLackofdirectcompetitionamongsellersduringnegotiation,1/供应商渠道有限LimitedSuppliers,8,传统采购方式的不足之处2LimitationsofTraditionalBuying(2),3/在招标采购中，卖方的定价心理是“在低价中标的同时争取价格最高”，在只有一次出价机会的投标过程中必然导致侥幸取胜的行为，从而使降价空间缩小。Duringbuyingthroughpublicbidding,sellerspricingstrategyis“thehighestpricepossibletowinthetender”,whichleaveslittleroomforpricecutunderthethoughtoffluke.,9,传统采购方式的不足之处3LimitationsofTraditionalBuying(3),4/招投标过程许多环节需要通过人为因素来确定，这种“面对面”方式，容易产生卖方价格同盟、买卖双方人为的权力或利益干扰等因素，使降价空间缩小。Subjectivefactorsaffectpricesduringpublicbiddingsuchaspriceleague,thepowerandthebenefitofthesellerorthebuyer,etc.,10,传统采购方式的不足之处4LimitationsofTraditionalBuying(4),5/是典型的非信息对称搏奕过程，买方无法有效的分析供应商的成本区间，竞争远不彻底；Buyersareunabletoeffectivelyanalyzethecostofsuppliers.,6/造成决策者对采购管理上的困难。Createsdifficultiesinpurchasingmanagementfordecisionmakers.,11,反拍卖的概念ConceptofRAT,反拍卖技术ReverseAuctionTechnology（RAT）,一种革命性的采购方式RevolutionaryWayofPurchasing,12,拍卖与反拍卖AuctionVs.ReverseAuction,13,反拍卖采购流程RATPurchasingFlow,确认招标文件Identifybiddingdocuments产品标准Productspecifications商务标准Businessstandards标底价格Openingprice供应商认证CertificateofSuppliers选定准投标人Bidderselection技术培训Technicaltraining网上竞价（限时多次出价）Bidontheweb(multiplebidswithinlimitedtime)自动产生中标方Automaticallygeneratesuccessfulbidder,14,传统采购流程示意图TraditionalPurchasingFlowChart,15,反拍卖采购流程示意图RATPurchasingFlowChart,16,反拍卖采购系统结构RATPurchasingSystemStructure,易讯反拍卖采购竞价平台GlobalratElphoneRATBiddingPlatformGlobalrat服务器端Server监控端MonitoringTerminal客户端ClientTerminal,易讯反拍卖采购招投标管理系统ElphoneRATBiddingManagementSystem,中国反拍卖采购网.chinarat.,17,反拍卖采购招投标管理系统RATBiddingManagementSystem,招标文件管理BiddingDocumentsMgmt投标报名管理BidderRegistrationMgmt供应商库管理SupplierPoolMgmt资格认证管理SupplierCertificateMgmt合同管理ContractMgmt历史数据管理HistoricalDataMgmt,18,中国反拍卖采购网WebsiteofChinaReverseAuctionProcurement,19,反拍卖采购系统拓扑图RATPurchasingSystemTopology,20,服务器端Server,核心系统用于接收、发送及处理来自监控端和客户端的所有数据，包括：网络延时处理、身份认证、数据的有效性、准确性及可靠性的判断；意外情况（如：连接中断、数据超时）的处理；紧急数据恢复等。Coresystemreceives,processesandtransmitsdatafrommonitoringandclientterminals,includinginternetdelaymanagement,identitymanagement,datavalidity,accuracyandreliancemanagement;internetaccidentmanagement(connectioninterruption,datatimeout);emergencydatarecovery.,21,监控端MonitoringTerminal,安装于采购方，是反拍卖采购系统的核心系统主体构成。采购方通过监控端可以监控到竞价过程的每个出价的详细信息，并接收从服务器端的数据分析及统计资料，用于分析供应商的集体成本区间。Installedonthebuyersend.ItisthekeystructureoftheRATpurchasingsystem.Thebuyercanmonitorthedetailsofeverysinglebidthroughthemonitoringterminal,receivethedatastatisticsandanalysisfromtheservertoidentifythesupplierscollectivecost.,22,监控端示意图MonitoringTerminalWindow,23,客户端ClientTerminal,安装于投标方（供应商），投标方（供应商）经过身份认证后登录易讯反拍卖采购系统，能够实时查看投标过程中的当前价格，并根据当前价格以“背靠背”的方式多次出价（向下竞价）。Installedonthebidders(suppliers)end.ThebidderscanlogontotheElphoneRATBiddingPlatformafteridentityconfirmationtoviewthereal-timebiddingpricesandtomakemultiplebids(biddingdown).,24,客户端示意图ClientTerminalWindow,25,新奥燃气XinAoGas,项目名称：PE80管材采购项目（670吨）Project:PE80Purchase(670tons)招标编号（BidSerialNo.）：EKN0145891竞价日期（BidDate）：September27,2004投标方数量（NumberofBidders）：5家本次竞价历时52分钟，共出价74次；Thebidlasted52minuteswithatotalof74bids降价幅度达4.21；4.21%pricecut.,26,客户端示意图ClientTerminalWindow,27,创维集团SkyworthGroup,项目名称：近200个项目（电子元器件）Project:near200projects(electroniccomponents)竞价日期（BidDate）：May16-18,2005NumberofBidders:20单项竞价采购降幅最低为4.2，最高降幅达61.3Pricecutrangesfrom4.2%to61.3%项目总平均节约采购成本达28.3Averagesavingofpurchasingcostreaches28.3%,28,其他案例OtherCases,29,反拍卖采购适用范围RATApplications,采购品为非独占性产品，采购条件明确；Non-exclusivecommoditieswithclearpecifications采购的产品须具备三个以上的供应商；Morethan3suppliers产品供大于求，处于买方市场；Greatersupplythandemand,buyersmarket数量多、价额大，对竞标者有足够吸引力；Largequantities,bigamount,attractivetobidders采购条件和标准确定的主动权在采购方。Proactivebuyerssetupthepurchasingconditionsandstandards,30,不断的技术创新ContinuousTechnologyInnovations,专业的反拍卖采购技术与服务提供商ProfessionalRATServiceProvider多指标竞价技术Multi-targetRAT密价竞价技术ConfidentialBiddingRAT多区域多项目混拍技术Multi-territoryMulti-projectRAT拍卖等Auction,31,RAT对企业/政府采购的重要意义SignificanceofRATtoEnterprise/GovernmentPurchasing,最大限度降低采购成本；Reducepurchasingcosttothemostextent,降低交易成本Cuttransactioncost,提高采购的工作效率，精简采购组织和人力；Improvepurchasingefficiency,streamlinepurchasingorganization,减少人为因素的干扰，铲除滋养腐败的土壤。Reducesubjectiveeffects,removethefoundationforcorruption,32,RAT对企业/政府采购的重要意义SignificanceofRATtoEnterprise/GovernmentPurchasing,提高企业的竞争力ImproveEnterpriseCompetitionAbility,交易成本的降低有利提高企业的利润率；Reducedtransactioncostincreasestheoverallprofitability,成本的降低直接提高其产品的竞争力Reducedcostimprovestheproductscompetitionability,促使供应商不断创新、提高综合竞争力Urgeinnovationsandimprovementsfromthesuppliers,有利于提高整个行业竞争力Increasecompetitionintheindustry,培养大型企业的成长，缩短与世界大型企业的差距。Helpgrowenterprises,33,RAT对企业/政府采购的重要意义SignificanceofRATtoEnterprise/GovernmentPurchasing,提高招投标过程的透明度；Increasetransparencyofthebidding,管理水平的提高Improvemanagementefficiency,34,共建节约型社会EstablishEconomicalSociet