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1586-卧式钢筋切断机的设计(一)

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1586 卧式 钢筋 切断 设计
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1586-卧式钢筋切断机的设计(一),1586,卧式,钢筋,切断,设计
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附件3:邵阳学院毕业设计(论文)任务书年级专业03机制本科学生姓名李辉学 号19课题名称卧式钢筋切断机的设计设计(论文)起止时间2007 年 3月 26 日至2007 年 6 月 8 日课题类型工程设计、应用研究、开发研究、软件工程、理论研究、其他课题性质真实、模拟、虚拟一、 课题研究的目的与主要内容主要内容:设计一台卧式钢筋切断机,最大切断钢筋直径14mm,切断次数15次/分课题目的:通过本毕业设计课题使学生基本掌握机械结构设计和计算的基本方法和步骤,掌握建筑钢筋切断机的结构特点和使用方法并了解其现状。培养学生综合运用所学过的基本理论知识和专业知识及专业技能的能力,使学生的专业能力和综合素质进一步得到提高。二、 基本要求1 翻译相关英文科技资料3000-5000汉字以上;2 毕业设计中的全部文件资料符合学校规定的格式和要求;3 绘制的图纸数量合零号图4张以上;4 设计计算说明书要在1.5万汉字以上; 5. 以上所有资料刻录光盘一张; 注:1、此表由指导教师填写,经各系、教研室主任审批生效;2、此表1式3份,学生、指导教师、教研室各1份。三、课题研究已具备的条件(包括实验室、主要仪器设备、参考资料)1、 学校实习工厂。2、 机械与能源工程系机械设计实验室,数控加工中心实验室,主要仪器设备有:线切割加工机床,电火花成形加工机床,数控加工中心等。3、 机械类相关课程、主要参考资料现代机械传动手册 、机械设计手册软件版 R2.0、机械设计大典、机械加工工艺设计手册、简明机械零件设计手册等。四、设计(论文)进度表 3月26号4月1号:搜集、整理、熟悉分析、翻译相关资料; 4月1号4月7号:书写并上交开题报告;4月7号5月1号:设计钢筋切断机的传动方式并绘制其传动原理图;5月1号5月18号:设计钢筋切断机的结构并绘制其装配图;绘制主要部装图和零件图; 5月18号6月8号:书写、整理、检查和打印毕业论文; 6月9号6月10号:毕业答辩五、教研室审批意见教研室主任(签名) 年 月 日六、院(系)审批意见院(系)负责人(签名) 单位(公章) 年 月 日指导教师(签字) 学生(签字) 本科毕业设计说明书(论文) 第 30 页 共 30 页本设计已经通过答辩,如果需要图纸请联系QQ 251133408 另专业团队代做毕业设计,质量速度有保证1 引言11 概述钢筋切断机是钢筋加工必不可少的设备之一,它主要用语房屋建筑、桥梁、隧道、电站、大型水利等工程中对钢筋的定长切断。钢筋切断机与其他切断设备相比,具有重量轻、耗能少、工作可靠、效率高等特点,因此近年来逐步被机械加工和小型轧钢厂等广泛采用,在国民经济建设的各个领域发挥了重要的作用。国内外切断机的对比:由于切断机技术含量低、易仿造、利润不高等原因,所以厂家几十年来基本维持现状,发展不快,与国外同行相比具体有以下几方面差距。1)国外切断机偏心轴的偏心距较大,如日本立式切断机偏心距24mm,而国内一般为17mm看似省料、齿轮结构偏小些,但给用户带来麻烦,不易管理因为在由切大料到切小料时,不是换刀垫就是换刀片,有时还需要转换角度。2)国外切断机的机架都是钢板焊接结构,零部件加工精度、粗糙度尤其热处理工艺过硬,使切断机在承受过载荷、疲劳失效、磨损等方面都超过国产机器3)国内切断机刀片设计不合理,单螺栓固定,刀片厚度够薄,40型和50型刀片厚度均为17mm;而国外都是双螺栓固定,2527mm厚,因此国外刀片在受力及寿命等综合性能方面都较国内优良。4)国内切断机每分钟切断次数少国内一般为2831次,国外要高出1520次,最高高出30次,工作效率较高。5)国外机型一般采用半开式结构,齿轮、轴承用油脂润滑,曲轴轴径、连杆瓦、冲切刀座、转体处用手工加稀油润滑国内机型结构有全开、全闭、半开半闭3种,润滑方式有集中稀油润滑和飞溅润滑2种。6)国内切断机外观质量、整机性能不尽人意;国外厂家一般都是规模生产,在技术设备上舍得投入,自动化生产水平较高,形成一套完整的质量保证加工体系。尤其对外观质量更是精益求精,外罩一次性冲压成型,油漆经烤漆喷涂处理,色泽搭配科学合理,外观看不到哪儿有焊缝、毛刺、尖角,整机光洁美观。而国内一些一些厂家虽然生产历史较长,但没有一家形成规模,加之设备老化,加工过程拼体力、经验,生产工艺几十年一贯制,所以外观质量粗糙、观感较差。全球经济建设的快速发展为建筑行业,特别是为建筑机械的发展提供了一个广阔的发展空间,为广大生产企业提供一个展示自己的舞台。面对竞争日益激烈的我国建筑机械市场,加强企业的经营管理,加大科技投入,重视新技术、新产品的研究开发,提高产品质量和产品售后服务水平,积极、主动走向市场,使企业的产品不断地满足用户的需求,尽快缩短与国外先进企业的差距,无疑是我国钢筋切断机生产企业生存与发展的必由之路。12 题目的选取本次毕业设计的任务是卧式钢筋切断机的设计。要求切断钢筋的最大直径14mm,切断速度为15次/分。在设计中通过计算和考虑实际情况选则合适的结构及参数,从而达到设计要求,同时尽可能的降低成本,这也是一个综合运用所学专业知识的过程。毕业设计是对四年大学所学知识的一个总结,也是走上工作岗位前的一次模拟训练。13 钢筋切断机的工作原理工作原理:采用电动机经一级三角带传动和二级齿轮传动减速后,带动曲轴旋转,曲轴推动连杆使滑块和动刀片在机座的滑道中作往复直线运动,使活动刀片和固定刀片相错而切断钢筋。2 电机选择 传动方案简述:选择三级减速,先是一级带减速,再两级齿轮减速。首先采用一级带传动,因为它具有缓冲、吸振、运行平稳、噪声小、合过载保护等优点,并安装张紧轮。然后采用两级齿轮减速,因为齿轮传动可用来传递空间任意两轴间的运动和动力,并具有功率范围大,传动效率高,传动比准确,使用寿命长,工作安全可靠等特点。动力由电动机输出,通过减速系统传动,把动力输入到执行机构。由于传动系统作 的是回转运动,而钢筋切断机的执行机构需要的直线往复运动,为了实现这种转换,可以采用曲柄滑块机构,盘行凸轮移动滚子从动件机构,齿轮齿条机构。考虑现实条件我决定采用曲柄滑块机构作为本机械的执行机构。2.1切断钢筋需用力计算为了保证钢筋的剪断,剪应力应超过材料的许应剪应力。即切断钢筋的条件为: 查资料可知钢筋的许用剪应力为:MPa,取最大值142MPa。由于本切断机切断的最大刚筋粗度为:mm。则本机器的最小切断力为: 取切断机的Q=22000N。2.2 功率计算由图可知,刀的速度小于曲轴处的线速度。则切断处的功率P:W 查表可知在传动过程中,带传动的效率为= 0.940.97; 二级齿轮减速器的效率为= 0.960.99; 滚动轴承的传动效率为= 0.940.98; 连杆传动的效率为= 0.810.88;滑动轴承的效率为由以上可知总的传动效率为:= 0.940.960.980.81=0.72由此可知所选电机功率最小应为 kw查手册并根据电机的工作环境和性质选取电机为:Y系列封闭式三相异步电动机,代号为Y112M-6,输出功率为2.2kw,输出速度为960 r/min。3. 传动结构设计3.1 基本传动数据计算3.1.1 分配传动比电动机型号为Y,满载转速为960 r/min。a) 总传动比 b) 分配传动装置的传动比 上式中i0、i1分别为带传动与减速器(两级齿轮减速)的传动比,为使V带传动的外廓尺寸不致过大,同时使减速器的传动比圆整以便更方便的获得圆整地齿数。初步取i0 =2,则减速器的传动比为 c) 分配减速器的各级传动比按展开式布置,查阅有关标准,取 i11=6.4,则i22=5。(注以下有i1代替i11,i2代替i22)3.1.2 计算机构各轴的运动及动力参数a) 各轴的转速 轴 轴 轴 b) 各轴的输入功率 轴 轴 轴c) 各轴的输入转矩 电动机输出转矩 轴 轴 轴 3.2 带传动设计3.2.1 由设计可知:V带传动的功率为2.2kw,小带轮的转速为960r/min,大带轮的转速为480r/min。查表可知 工况系数取 KA=1.5 ,Pc=1.52.2=3.3kw。根据以上数值及小带轮的转速查相应得图表选取A型V带。3.2.2 带轮基准直径:查阅相关手册选取小带轮基准直径为d1=100mm,则大带轮基准直径为d2=2100=200mm3.2.3 带速的确定:3.2.4 中心矩、带长及包角的确定。由式 0.7(d1+d2)a02(d1+d2) 可知: 0.7(100+200)a02(100+200) 得 210a0600 初步确定中心矩为 a0=400 根据相关公式初步计算带的基准长度: 查表选取带的长度为1250mm计算实际中心矩: 取386mm验算小带轮包角: 3.2.5 确定带的根数: 查表知 p1=0.97 p1=0.11 ka=0.965 kl=0.93 则 取Z=43.2.6 张紧力 查表 q=0.10kg/m 3.2.7 作用在轴上的载荷: 3.2.8 带轮结构与尺寸见零件图图1 带轮的结构与尺寸图3.3 齿轮传动设计3.3.1 第一级齿轮传动设计a) 选材料、确定初步参数1) 选材料 小齿轮:40Cr钢调制,平均取齿面硬度为260HBS 大齿轮:45钢调制,平均取齿面硬度为260HBS2) 初选齿数 取小齿轮的齿数为20,则大齿轮的齿数为206.4=1283) 齿数比即为传动比 4) 选择尺宽系数d和传动精度等级情况,参照相关手册并根据以前学过的知识选取 d=0.6初估小齿轮直径d1=60mm,则小齿轮的尺宽为b=d d1=0.660=36mm5) 齿轮圆周速度为: 参照手册选精度等级为9级。6) 计算小齿轮转矩T17) 确定重合度系数Z、Y:由公式可知重合度为则由手册中相应公式可知:8) 确定载荷系数 KH 、KF确定使用系数 KA:查阅手册选取使用系数为KA=1.85确定动载系数Kv:查阅手册选取动载系数Kv=1.10确定齿间载荷分布系数KHa、KFa:则 载荷系数KH、KF 的确定,由公式可知b) 齿面疲劳强度计算1) 确定许用应力H 总工作时间th,假设该切断机的寿命为10年,每年工作300天,每天工作8个小时,则: 应力循环次数 N1、N2 寿命系数 Zn1、Zn2 ,查阅相关手册选取Zn1=1.0、Zn2=1.15 接触疲劳极限取:hlim1=720MPa、hlim2=580MPa 安全系数取:Sh=1.0 许用应力 h1、h2 2) 弹性系数ZE 查阅机械设计手册可选取3) 节点区域系数ZH查阅机械设计手册可选取ZH=2.54) 求所需小齿轮直径d1 与初估大小基本相符。5) 确定中心距,模数等几何参数 中心距a: 圆整中心矩取222mm 模数m:由中心矩a及初选齿数Z1 、Z2得: 分度圆直径d1,d2 确定尺宽:取大齿轮尺宽为 b1=600.6=36mm 小齿轮尺宽取 b2=40mmc) 齿根抗弯疲劳强度验算1) 求许用弯曲应力 F 应力循环次数NF1、NF2 寿命系数Yn1、Yn2 ,查阅相关手册选取Yn1=1、Yn2=1 极限应力取:Flim1=290MPa、Flim2=220MPa 尺寸系数Yx:查阅机械设计手册选,取Yx=1.5 安全系数SF:参照表9-13,取SF=1.5 需用应力F1 、F2 由式(9-20),许用弯曲应力 2) 齿形系数YFa1、YFa2 由图9-19,取 YFa1=2.56 YFa2=2.153) 应力修正系数Ysa1、Ysa2 由图9-20,取 Ysa1=1.62 Ysa2=1.824) 校核齿根抗弯疲劳强度 由式(9-17),齿根弯曲应力 3.3.2 第二级齿轮传动设计:a) 选材料、确定初步参数1) 选材料 小齿轮:40Cr钢调制,平均取齿面硬度为260HBS 大齿轮:45钢调制,平均取齿面硬度为260HBS2) 初选齿数 取小齿轮的齿数为28,则大齿轮的齿数为285=1403) 齿数比即为传动比 4) 选择尺宽系数d和传动精度等级情况,参照相关手册并根据以前学过的知识选取 d=2/3初估小齿轮直径d1=84mm,则小齿轮的尺宽为b=d d1=2/384=56mm齿轮圆周速度为: 参照手册选精度等级为9级。5) 计算小齿轮转矩T16) 确定重合度系数Z、Y:由公式可知重合度为则由手册中相应公式可知:7) 确定载荷系数 KH 、KF确定使用系数 KA:查阅手册选取使用系数为KA=1.85确定动载系数Kv:查阅手册选取动载系数Kv=1.0确定齿间载荷分布系数KHa、KFa:则 载荷系数KH、KF 的确定,由公式可知c) 齿面疲劳强度计算1) 确定许用应力H 总工作时间th,假设该弯曲机的寿命为10年,每年工作300天,每天工作8个小时,则: 应力循环次数 N1、N2寿命系数 Zn1、Zn2 ,查阅相关手册选取Zn1=1.33、Zn2=1.48接触疲劳极限取:hlim1=760MPa、hlim2=760MPa安全系数取:Sh=1许用应力 h1、h2 2) 弹性系数ZE 查阅机械设计手册可选取3) 节点区域系数ZH查阅机械设计手册可选取ZH=2.54) 求所需小齿轮直径d1 与初估大小基本相符。5) 确定中心距,模数等几何参数 中心距a: 圆整中心矩取252mm 模数m:由中心矩a及初选齿数Z1 、Z2得: 分度圆直径d1,d2 确定尺宽:取大齿轮尺宽为 b1=842/3=56mm 小齿轮尺宽取 b2=60mmc) 齿根抗弯疲劳强度验算1) 求许用弯曲应力 F 应力循环次数NF1、NF2 寿命系数Yn1、Yn2 ,查阅相关手册选取Yn1=1、Yn2=1 极限应力取:Flim1=290MPa、Flim2=230MPa 尺寸系数Yx:查阅机械设计手册选,取Yx=1.5 安全系数SF:参照表9-13,取SF=1.5 需用应力F1 、F2 由式(9-20),许用弯曲应力 2) 齿形系数YFa1、YFa2 由图9-19,取 YFa1=2.56 YFa2=2.153) 应力修正系数Ysa1、Ysa2 由图9-20,取 Ysa1=1.62 Ysa2=1.824) 校核齿根抗弯疲劳强度 由式(9-17),齿根弯曲应力 3.4 轴的校核3.4.1 一轴的校核 轴直径的设计式 轴的刚度计算a) 按当量弯矩法校核1) 设计轴系结构,确定轴的受力简图、弯矩图、合成弯矩图、转矩图和当量弯矩图。图2 轴的受力转矩弯矩图2) 求作用在轴上的力如表1,作图如图2-c表1 作用在轴上的力垂直面(Fv)水平面(Fh)轴承1F2=12NF4=891N齿轮 2=N轴承3F1=476NF3=1570N带轮41056N3) 求作用在轴上的弯矩如表2,作出弯矩图如图2-d、2-e表2 作用在轴上的弯矩垂直面(Mv)水平面(Mh)截面N.mm合成弯矩截面合成弯矩4)作出转弯矩图如图2-f5)作出当量弯矩图如图2-g,并确定可能的危险截面、如图2-a。并算出危险截面的弯矩如表3。表3截面的弯矩截面截面6)确定许用应力已知轴材料为45钢调质,查表得=650MPa。用插入法查表得=102.5MPa,=60MPa。7)校核轴径如表4表4 验算轴径截面截面结论:按当量弯矩法校核,轴的强度足够。b) 轴的刚度计算所以轴的刚度足够3.4.2 三轴的校核 轴直径的设计式 轴的刚度计算a) 按当量弯矩法校核设计轴系结构,确定轴的受力简图、弯矩图、合成弯矩图、转矩图和当量弯矩图。1) 轴的受力简图如图3-a图3 轴的受力弯矩转矩图2) 求作用在轴上的力如表5,并作图如图3-c表5 作用在轴上的力垂直面(Fv)水平面(Fh)轴承1F3=1627NF1=8362N齿轮 =2381N轴承2F4=754NF3=12619N曲轴21848N3)计算出弯矩如表6,并作图如图3-d、e表6 轴上的弯矩垂直面(Mv)水平面(Mh)截面N.mm合成弯矩截面合成弯矩4)作出转弯矩图如图3-f5)作出当量弯矩图如图3-g,并确定可能的危险截面、和的弯矩如表7表7危险截面的弯矩截面截面6)确定许用应力已知轴材料为45钢调质,查表得=650MPa。用插入法查表得=102.5MPa,=60MPa7)校核轴径如表8表8 校核轴径截面截面结论:按当量弯矩法校核,轴的强度足够。b) 轴的刚度计算所以轴的刚度足够3.5 键的校核3.5.1. 平键的强度校核. a) 键的选择 键的类型应根据键联接的结构使用要求和工作状况来选择。选择时应考虑传递转拒的大小,联接的对中性要求,是否要求轴向固定,联接于轴上的零件是否需要沿轴滑动及滑动距离长短,以及键在轴上的位置等。键的主要尺寸为其横截面尺寸(键宽b 键高h)与长度L。键的横截面尺寸bh 依轴的直径d由标准中选取。键的长度L一般可按轮毂的长度选定,即键长略短于轮毂长度,并应符合标准规定的长度系列。故根据以上所提出的以及该机工作时的要求,故选用A型普通平键。由设计手册查得:键宽 b=16mm 键高 h=10mm 键长 L=30mmb) 验算挤压强度.平键联接的失效形式有:对普通平键联接而言,其失效形式为键,轴,轮毂三者中较弱的工作表面被压溃。工程设计中,假定压力沿键长和键高均匀分布,可按平均挤压应力进行挤压强度或耐磨性的条件计算,即:静联接 式中 传递的转矩 轴的直径 键与轮毂的接触高度(mm),一般取 键的接触长度(mm).圆头平键 许用挤压应力) 键的工作长度 挤压面高度 转矩 许用挤压应力,查表, 则 挤压应力 所以 此键是安全的。附:键的材料:因为压溃和磨损是键联接的主要失效形式,所以键的材料要求有足够的硬度。国家标准规定,键用抗拉强度不低于的钢制造,如 45钢 Q275 等。3.6 轴承的校核 滚动轴承是又专业工厂生产的标准件。滚动轴承的类型、尺寸和公差等级均已制订有国家标准,在机械设计中只需根据工作条件选择合适的轴承类型、尺寸和公差等级等,并进行轴承的组合结构设计。3.6.1 初选轴承型号 试选10000K轴承,查GB281-1994,查得10000K轴承的性能参数为: C=14617N Co=162850N (脂润滑)3.6.2寿命计算 a) 计算轴承内部轴向力. 查表得10000K轴承的内部轴向力 则: b) 计算外加轴向载荷 c) 计算轴承的轴向载荷 因为 故 轴承1 轴承2 d) 当量动载荷计算 由式 查表得: 的界限值 查表知 故 故 则: 式中. (轻度冲击的运转)由于 ,且轴承1、2采用型号、尺寸相同的轴承,谷只对轴承2进行寿命计算。e) 计算轴承寿命 f) 极限转速计算 由式 查得:载荷系数 载荷分布系数 故 计算结果表明,选用的10000K型圆柱孔调心轴承能满足要求。4 钢筋切断机的摩擦、磨损和润滑摩擦是不可避免的自然现象,摩擦得结果造成机器的能量损耗、效率降低、温度升高、出现噪声、性能下降的问题。摩擦必然会造成磨损,在实际应用中有许多零件都 因磨损过渡而报废。润滑则是改善摩擦、减缓磨损的有效方法。切断机中的摩擦主要是轴承的摩擦,而磨损包括滑动摩擦和滚动摩擦。轴承就是滚动摩擦,其摩擦力较小损耗也较小。摩擦得结果势必会造成磨损,而影响磨损的因素也有很多,主要有载荷大小、材料匹配、润滑状况、工作温度等。为减少磨损需要从这些方面入手,采取各种有效方法,减少磨损。减少磨损的主要方法有:1.润滑。2.注意选择材料,按照基本磨损形式正确选择材料是提高机械和零件耐磨性的关键之一。3.提高加工精度和表面质量也可以减少磨损。4.合理的结构设计,正确合理的结构设计是减少磨损和提高耐磨性的有效途径。5.正确使用和维护。 结束语本次设计的是一种结构比较简明实用的钢筋切断装置,该装置的特点是价格低廉,节省空间,维修方便。该切断机是采用电动机经一级带传动和二级齿轮传动减速后,带动曲轴旋转,曲轴推动连杆使滑块和动刀片在机座的滑道中作往复直线运动,使活动刀片和固定刀片相错而切断钢筋。并用型钢焊接了钢架,使其结构尽可能的简单。在设计中,我尽可能的采用通用部件,从而使设计周期缩短,成本降低。设计过程中,我主要考虑了机器的性能以及经济性,在保证其完成工作要求的前提下,尽可能的提高其性价比。这是我第一次搞这样的综合性的设计,所以设计中难免会出现一些漏洞或不足之处,如一些结构的设计,标准件的选用或一些经济性上的构思可能有欠妥当,造成一些不必要的浪费,敬请各位老师给予批评和指正。通过这次设计,使我的综合考虑问题的能力得到了提高,而且通过综合的运用机械知识,使自己的专业水平得到了很大的进步。够已经能初步的将理论知识运用到实践中去,为以后的工作打下良好的基础。致谢毕业设计是大学学习的最后一站,它与以往的课程设计不同。课程设计主要是针对某一门课程或几门课程进行的综合练习,而毕业设计是综合性的,它反映了学生对所学各门专业知识运用能力。通过毕业设计的锻炼,使我们运用专业知识的能力得到了进一步提高,知识得到了巩固,使我们对设备的整体设计思想有了更进一步的认识,通过对卧式钢筋切断机的设计,我们运用了各门专业课程,再一次夯实了我们的知识。本次毕业设计实在雒运强老师的悉心指导下完成的,由付其凤老师审核,对此我们表示衷心的感谢。由于我们水平有限,设计中难免有不足,欢迎各位老师指正批评。参 考 文 献 1 苏翼林主编.材料力学(第3版).天津:天津大学出版社,20012 孙桓,陈作模主编.机械原理(第6版).北京:高等教育出版社,20013 李继庆,陈作模主编.机械设计基础.北京:高等教育出版社,19994 梁崇高等著.平面连杆机构的计算设计.北京:高等教育出版社,19935 刘政昆编著.间歇运动机构.大连:大连理工大学出版社,19916 伏尔默J等著.连杆机构.石则昌等译.北京:机械工业出版社,19907 田野编写.我国钢筋调直切断机的现状及发展.建筑机械化,2005年第1期23页8 王慰椿.机械基础与建筑机械.南京:东南大学出版社,19909 高蕊.钢筋切断机切断过程分析及最大冲切力的计算.建筑机械,1995第2期24-25页10 何德誉.曲柄压力机.北京:清华大学出版社,198711 车仁炜,陆念力 王树春.一种新型钢筋切断机的设计研究.机械传动,2004年第2期48-49页12 高蕊.钢筋切断机刀片合理侧隙的保证方法.建筑机械化,1997年第4期37-38页 13 王平,张强,许世辉.钢筋调直切断机的顶刀与连切J.建筑机械,1997年第5期47-48页14 宜亚丽.钢筋矫直切断机剪切机构研究分析.机械,2004年第10期14-16页15 孟进礼,卫青珍.对钢筋切断机发展的几点看法.建筑机械化,2000年第2期14-15页16 Trans.ASME.77(2),1955Digital system in the horizontal grinder application of the status quo and development trend Modern industrial production, small and large parts for the production of products of the increasing proportion of parts complexity and precision requirements rapidly increase, the traditional general machine tools has become increasingly difficult to meet the requirements of modern production, and a high-precision CNC machine tools, high-efficiency, the use of a machine can complete complex type face processing characteristics, in particular the rapid development of computer technology and the widespread use of digital systems, digital devices from almost all major software functions to achieve, almost to a hardware, thereby making it more flexible processing, functional stronger. Manufacturing competition from lower labour costs early, product cost and improve their overall efficiency and quality of competition, to meet customer demands comprehensive, actively develop new products competitive, will face knowledge - technical - updated products has become shorter and shorter, an increasing number of small products, and the quality, performance requirements are higher, Meanwhile community to environmental protection, the growing awareness of green manufacturing. Therefore advanced manufacturing technology will be quickly won the competition and survival of the enterprise, the principal means of development. Computer information technology and manufacturing automation technology more closely integrated, flexible production automation as an important foundation for digital machine in the production of machine tools to share more. First, digital Ping finds the status quo and digital systems primaril. First, digital Ping finds the status quo and digital systems primarilyHorizontal grinder compared to the lathe, milling machine, using digital systems later, the special requirements because of its digital systems. In the past decade, with the technical facility, grinder, the grinding wheel for repair, automatic compensation, automatic exchange grinding wheel, and more workstations, such as automatic transmission and Zhuangjia working inoperable realized, and digital technology in the horizontal grinder, gradually spread. In recent Hanover, Tokyo, Chicago, and other large domestic machine tool exhibition, CNC grinder throughout the grinder, for the majority of the exhibits, such as Germany Blohm company ELB companies such famous grinder factories no longer produce ordinary grinder Japanese Forces, Japan, the company also Hing bulk production facility-wide functional ping himself. in the development of high-grade digital ping himself while actively developing, low digital ping himself. German production company a few years ago ELB brilliant series two coordinates facility shaped grinder, the vertical and horizontal axis for digital, vertical for hydraulic control, grinding wheel repair work platform installed in a roller diamonds, the application of broader; SUPER-BRILLIANT series is one-dimensional and shaped grinder Sanzuobiao facility, the beds are manufactured using natural granite, high geometric accuracy, slide away from straight rolling guide, driving without recoiling machinery, thus ensuring a better working surface smoothness; BRILLIANT-FUTURE series of improvements to the above two products, using artificial granite bed was produced by static pressure vertical guide, Chixing belt transmission, vertical and horizontal guide for pre reinforced straight rolling guide, Gunzhusigang transmission, three-axis CNC control AC servo electrical, measuring 0.5 m 16ug image. ELB company has also developed the latest technology grinder contemporary products, and integration with computer and technology-based series of soft skills CAM-MASTER processing modules CAD-MASTER series and COMPACT-MASTER series grinding processing center, a maximum of up to 24 axis control axis, As the full implementation of modular design and manufacture of dedicated grinder cycle shortened ELB company has also developed a variety of highly efficient dedicated grinder, such as SFVG100/2 dedicated grinder, which will tilt Motou, continuous improvements, to ease into, ramps while grinding function with 11 root axis CNC control, as one finds processing center. British and American companies JONES&SHIPMAN A-B company developed A-B8600 digital systems for digital FORMAT5 type ping himself from the facility hydraulic control valves, driven vertical movement can be governor, to the use of horizontal and Motou into Gunzhusigang deputy, Electrical DC servo-driven, intermittent style grinding wheel repair, CRT graphics simulation showed. Also be used with other types of digital systems to meet different user requirements.Currently, the semiconductor master degrees continual increase in the newly introduced system in the appearance of smaller, more compact structure, functions increased distance communications, remote diagnosis, multiple plane networking etc.; Interface to the Windows operating system to increase the mouse, remote operation of vehicles. Fanuc major company this year launched 18I, 16I, 20I, 21I system Siemens is 840D, 810D, 802D are tight structure type system. There are a number of manufacturers such as : Taiwan Precision Machinery Research and Development Center developed PA8000NT series CNC controls on the use of the Windows operating system of NC, and NT immediate multi-processing core, single-section procedures for processing speed 2,000 pieces / s, single-section pre-1000 time to deal with a few pieces, with Aart (pre-adaptation technologies) and the parameters of the best learning function would follow error convergence to zero, the software processing path filter to reduce machining process generated by the acceleration changes excessive mechanical resonance, thereby improving surface roughness; with the use of servo flexible, with +, -10V analogy servo interface It also provides international standards SERCOS digital servo communications interface design Tixingtu ;PLC procedures, structure expressions, functional pieces, instructions code, flowcharts, five grammar, facilitate design, communication and maintenance; long-range communications with the computer, instant remote maintenance functions; control can be extended to a maximum axle and spindle axis 64. I/O points which can be expanded to 792/528 point, the introduction of Pentium processors, high-speed Plc processing speed to 25K. Apart from the world famous Siemens, Fanuc digital systems, such as professional development and production of the plant has been applied to many horizontal or shaped grinding system, a number of production plants Ping finds itself actively developed application in the digital grinder system. Notably : Siemens SINUMERIK 840D of the system, the system has more than 20 roots servo axis, the coordinates for the trip control, manual data entry or imported through external computer, remote diagnosis may reduce the grinding wheel diameter change itinerary, grinding wheel repair of automatic compensation Gunzhusigang gap error compensation. Siemens 3G system is specifically for grinding and processing development, for both dialogue with the presentation devices operate in axis tilt, can also be straight and arc widely in grinding, recurring operational cycle, such as the main axis swing, and use external signal interruption implementation procedures, grinding wheel cut, grinding wheel repair, and other special functions for the preparation of a fixed cycle procedures. Not only can use its external measurement devices (switches signal), but when connected to a suitable time to first measurement and control devices directly to the ultimate size comparison. American companies ALLEY-BRANDLY production 8400CNC, 8600CNC digital series apply lathe, milling machine and grinder, 8400CNC up to 6 roots servo axis control, the Section 2 axle may drain, the three axis may helix spaced, six axle straight drain. 8600CNC series of coordinates to control 17, including eight in the drain axle, eight spaces control axle and one allegation that a graphic shown that the expansion of branch procedures that processing time, high-speed access procedures, cutlery life monitoring function. Japanese companies developed FANUC OG high-speed high-performance digital systems, which O-GSG applicable to horizontal grinder, the grinding parts under different shapes, four different methods of grinding, a grinding wheel axle angle control function shortage grinding, Cumo, Jingmo, no spark grinding a grinding cycle of grinding wheel flow position after finishing compensation function, Compared to repair vehicles were repaired round normal line direction control functions roller outer arc radius compensation for the rehabilitation of the functional, grinding wheel shape graphics and grinding parameters show that the functional, system smallest unit set 0.1 16ug m, a tight - type digital systems, lower prices.There are also companies such as Germany and the University jointly developed by ELB UNICON system. Japanese big cove ironworker OSP5000G-G,OSP30-NF such as self-development and shaped grinding digital print system, the maximum control OSP5000G-G nine coordinates, which can be linked six coordinates, a 12-inch hall, interactive programming, automatic identification of cutting factor used diskettes imported, into automated systems, the smallest pulse equivalent, the mobile equivalent and testing equivalent 16ug are 0.1 m, Ping himself also used simultaneously by the entire loop detectors. Although there is the ping himself factory using digital Zhujichang system, but self-development of software, use it more suitable for horizontal and shaped grinding, such as German company Siemens SINUMERIK 810 Jung based, the company specialized software used by Jung Kontur programming language for a shaped grinding wheel repair, and graphics supporting operational functions. Japan sincerely companies in Fanuc digital systems hardware companies, the OPL development language for grinding processing, and so on. The linear electrical, balance, technology, the growing due process, and greatly enhance the efficacy of machine tools, the application of appropriate measurement techniques for the development and use of digital systems, machine tools and electrical automatic control functions to redouble their might. Second, the development of domestic digital Ping finds Since the start of production digital horizontal grinder 1980s, the development of the manufacturers have developed separately, the development of cooperation with universities and research units direct to introduce mature digital systems development. For example : Hangzhou Machine Tool Plant is a history of 50 years of professional graphic grinder of factory production, which began production in the mid-1980s from digital ping himself, has developed a production MGK7132 straight axle rule Taiwan high-precision ping himself, MK7130 series ordinary digital ping himself, MLK7140 digital relief to shape himself into, MGK7120, MK7163, MK7150 straight axle rule Taiwan digital ping himself, MKY7760 vertical shaft digital double carry noodles himself, MKY7660, MKY7650/101 straight axle digital double carry noodles himself, and HZ-K1610,HZ-K2010,HZ-050 CNC,HZ-KD2010, HZ-K3015, HZ-K3020, such as dedicated digital Dragon Gate Type HZ-K4020 horizontal grinder and guide. The development and application of digital systems, developed in cooperation with universities and scientific research units in the Shanbanji system, but also for self-development to the mainframe Chanpianji the simple control system, and the use of digital Zhujichang mature digital production system. Ping finds its production MGK7120 high-precision, the company introduced Japan Fanuc MATE-D purchased digital recording system to control Motou chin, chin to the smallest volume 0.1 16ug m, a complete automatic grinding cycle functions. MKY7650/101 carry noodles grinder is fully automatic digital double technical cooperation with the Italian company Viotto products using Siemens Simatic S5-115U programmable controller control CRT display, machine tools left, right Motou driven by the two axis DC servo electrical, machine tools capable of manual and automatic grinding cycle of adjustment options. Equipped with Italian Maerbosi E9-measurement systems, the first two measurements, a measurement grinding wheel, grinding wheel wear and tear of feedback to the control system, Abrasive Wheels compensation; Another measure after her first measurements grinding, and measurements of the control system into the servo compensation for electrical; Left and right Motou used for position measurement Viotto raster control, Having achieved a whole sets from the expected completion of the entire loop grinding and fully automatic processing. HZ-050CNC digital linear rolling guide dedicated grinder is the Shanghai Science and Technology for the production of key industrial projects in the third research and development project dedicated grinder. Both functional and shaped grinding flat grinding function, and it has adopted the U.S. company A-B 8400MP digital production system, a seven-kan digital axis machine tools, X, Y, Z into three roots Motou to axle and U, V, W 3 root grinding wheel repair axle direct control by the system, Another Q for the horizontal grinding wheel horizontal axis into the (one-dimensional with grinding) through SLC programmable controller plus wife positioning module, the mainframe system I/O imported 8400MP control its position, with continuous improvements in the grinding, grinding wheel or gap-type grinding wheel to repair such automatic processing into compensation.HZ-KD2010 six-axle double-Motou Dragon Gate digital g
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本文标题:1586-卧式钢筋切断机的设计(一)
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