英语作文写作技巧ppt课件

.,1,英语写作技巧LectureofWriting,.,2,Outline,写作基本要求过渡语替换新词，改换句式写作的“四化”写作增词的技巧,.,3,一、写作基本要求：,.,4,2.段落分明2.115%的开头，70%的主体，15%的结尾2.2每段首行缩进4-5个字母,.,5,二、过渡语,1.表文章结构顺序，列举：Firstofall，Firstly/First，Secondly/SecondAndthen，Finally，Intheend，Atlast2.表并列补充关系的，另外：Whatismore，Besides，Moreover，Furthermore，Inaddition3.表转折对比关系的：However，Although+clause(从句)，OnonehandOntheotherhand；,.,6,4.表因果关系的：Because，Thus，Therefore，Asaresult5.表换一种方式表达：Inotherwords6.表进行举例说明：Forexample，句子;Forinstance，句子;suchas+n/doing7.表陈述事实：Infact，asamatteroffact8.表达自己观点：AsfarasIknow，Inmyopinion9.表总结：Inshort，Inaword，Inconclusion，Insummary,.,7,7,三、替换旧词，改变句式,许多考生的作文错误倒不多，相当符合语法要求，但用词贫乏，过多使用如moreandmore,Ithink,asyouknow等表达，并且句子结构过于简单。统计结果表明，差的作文中简单句多，而好的作文简单句少；差的作文从句、连词、分词结构出现的频率大大低于好的作文；差的作文中关键词和同义表达出现的频率低于好的作文。用词的丰富和句式的多样应该主要通过多看好文章，仔细琢磨好文章中的用词和句子来提高。换句话说，也就是要从阅读中学习写作。,.,8,8,在措词方面存在的问题：,1、可供“调遣”的词汇量贫乏，局限于中学词汇。比如，我们一提到“重要的”大多数同学首先会想到“important”这个单词它的如下同义词：significant,vital,crucial,critical，etc,.,9,9,2、表达相近意义时，常重复用一个词，用词单调。比如，我们一提到“大”大多数同学首先会想到“big”这个单词它的如下同义词：great,large,huge,vast,enormousetc.,在措词方面存在的问题：,.,10,10,应对之策,1、调动大学期间学过的更生动，更丰富的词汇。Eg.引起、导致Cause,leadto,resultin,bringabout,giverise/birthto,.,11,11,2、用具体，生动，有针对性的词语。Eg.利用Use,makeuseof,make(good,effective,wide,wise,full)useofsth,take(full)advantageof,.,12,12,3、文中如需要多次表达同一词义时，以同义词，近义词等避免重复使用同一词。Eg.适应Adaptto,adjustto,makefit,getusedto,beaccustomedto,.,13,13,少用老掉牙词汇,垃圾词汇:helpful典型例句:Sthishelpful(tosb)替代语conducive有助于e.gSthisconducivetosb垃圾词汇:think典型例句:ithink-替代语deem，harbortheideathat垃圾词汇:because典型例句:xxxbecausexxx替代语inthat/inasmuchas垃圾词汇:about典型例句:itisabout250timesofthat替代语itisapproximately-垃圾词汇:if替代语provided，supposing,.,14,1.people,persons的替换词:individuals,characters,folks2.good的替换词:positive,favorable,rosy(美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect,pleasurable,excellent,outstanding3.bad的替换词:dreadful,unfavorable,poor,adverse(有害的)如果bad做表语，可以有belessimpressive代替,24个经典替换词,.,15,24个经典替换词,4.many的替换词:anarmyof,anoceanof,aseaof,amultitudeof,manyifnotmost.Eg.Manyindividuals,ifnotmost,harbortheideathat.,5.some的替换词:asliceof,quietafew,several6.thing的替换词:affair,business,matter,.,16,16,7.think的替换词:harbortheideathat,taketheattitudethat,holdtheviewthat,itiswidelysharedthat,mon的替换词:shared9.getmuchbenefit的替换词:reaphugefruits10.inmyopinion的替换词:formypart,frommyownperspective,24个经典替换词,.,17,11.moreandmore的替换词:increasingly,growing当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly注意没有growingly这种形式.Eg.sthhasgainedgrowingpopularity.sthisincreasinglypopular.12helpful的替换词:benefitialrewarding13.very的替换词:exceedingly,extremely,24个经典替换词,.,18,14.cause的替换词:giveriseto,leadto,resultin,trigger15.reasonsforsth的替换词:thereareseveralreasonsbehindsth16.want的替换词:desire17.payattentionto的替换词:pourattentioninto18.remember的替换词:bearinmindthat,24个经典替换词,.,19,19,19.sbbeinterestedinsth的替换词:sthappealstosb,sthexertsatremendousfascinationonsb20.attractonesattention的替换词:captureonesattention21.have的替换词:enjoy,possess,24个经典替换词,.,20,20,munication的替换词:interaction23.beagainst,disagreewithsth的替换词：frownonsth24.forexample的替换词：tonameonlyafew,asanexample,24个经典替换词,.,21,21,善用词组,如果我们能够在单词的基础上，进一步想到与之同义的词组，那么文章就会显得与众不同，更具有英语的味道。比如上面所说的“重要的”这个单词，当我们想到important的时候，如果从语法角度再稍加考虑一下，我们会想到“beofimportance”。因为，语法中规定：形容词等于of加这个形容词的名词形式。如果再提升一步，我们还学过一个常用的词组“playanimportantrolein-”。,.,22,22,句型多样，制造亮点,简单句，并列句和复合句交替使用，灵活使用各种句子结构如：插入语，倒装句，强调句，非谓语动词，疑问句等。若要写好作文，要写好句子，首先要掌握句子结构和句式变化及句子类型，可通过对泛读课文经典句子的背诵提高应用语言基本句型的能力。Imitationisagoodwaytolearn.,.,23,23,适当用代替主动，这样能更客观的反映事实,句子开头不要总是用we/I(比如不用weshouldpayattentionto而用Attentionshouldbepaidto.)Inaword,thelocalgovernmentshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestosolvetheproblem.Itis,therefore,hightimethatsomeapplicableapproacheswereimplementedbythelocalgovernmentlikethat.,被动句以及倒装句,.,24,24,四、写作的“四化”：,a.语言准确化b.语言多样化c.结构清晰化d.内容简单化,.,25,Recently,theproblemofhasarousedpeoplesconcern.Internethasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.Ithasbroughtalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.Recentlytheissueoftheproblemof/thephenomenonof.hasbeenbroughtintofocus.Inflation/Corruption/Socialinequality.isyetanotherofthenewandbittertruthwehavetolearntofacenow/constantly.,Beginning文章开头,.,26,Peoplesviewsonvaryfrompersontoperson.Someholdthat.However,othersbelievethat.Attitudestowards(drugs)varyfrompersontoperson.TherearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleastoPeoplemayhavedifferentopinionsonDifferentpeopleholddifferentattitudestoward(failure).,Differentopinions不同意见,.,27,Asfarassomethingisconcerned,.ItwasobviousthatItmaybetruethat,butitdoesntmeanthatItisnaturaltobelievethat,butweshouldntignorethatThereisnoevidencetosuggestthat,Incorrectopinions,.,28,Frommypointofview,itismorereasonabletosupportthefirstopinionratherthanthesecond.IcannotentirelyagreewiththeideathatPersonally,IamstandingonthesideofIsincerelybelievethatInmyopinion,itismoreadvisabletodothantodo.Finally,tospeakfrankly,thereisalsoamorepracticalreasonwhy,Youropinions,.,29,Thisphenomenonexistsforanumberofreasons.Whydid?ForonethingForanother.PerhapstheprimaryreasonisIquiteagreewiththestatementthatthereasonsarechieflyasfollows.,Thereasons,.,30,HerearesomesuggestionsforhandlingThebestwaytosolvethetroublesisPeoplehavefiguredoutmanywaystosolvethisproblem.,Solutions,.,31,Theprimaryreasonis/tobeginwith/tostartwith/Inthefirstplacebesides/furthermore/inaddition/whatsmorelastbutnotleast；Previously,simultaneously,eventually；Foronething,foranotherOnonehand,ontheotherhand,Sequence顺序,.,32,Takingallthesefactorsintoconsideration,wenaturallycometotheconclusionthatTakingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemayreasonablycometotheconclusionthatHence/Therefore,wedbettercometotheconclusionthatThereisnodoubtthat(job-hopping)hasitsdrawbacksaswellasmerits.Allinall,wecannotlivewithoutButatthesametimewemusttrytofindoutnewwaystocopewiththeproblemsthatwouldarise.,Conclusion结论,.,33,Itishightimethatweputanendtothe(trend).ItistimetotaketheadviceofandtoputspecialemphasisontheimprovementofThereisnodoubtthatenoughconcernmustbepaidtotheproblemofObviously,.Ifwewanttodosomething,itisessentialthatOnlyinthiswaycanwe