（新课标）2021高考英语一轮总复习 语法四、形容词和副词教案 牛津译林版

四、形容词和副词对应学生用书p164在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1(2019全国卷)itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen_(poor) studied.2(2019全国卷)scientistshaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集) aroundhumansettlements, leadingtotheillusion(错觉) thatpopulationsare_(high) thantheyactuallyare.3(2019全国卷)wearesoproudofher.its_(wonder)4(2019全国卷)theyalsosharedwithusmany_(tradition) storiesabouthawaiithatwere_(huge) popularwithtourists.5(2019浙江卷)whenthechildrenarewalkingorcyclingtoschoolondarkmornings, cardriverscan_(easy) seethem.6(2018全国卷)accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal, runnerslivethreeyears_(long) thannonrunners.7(2018全国卷)runningischeap, easyanditsalways_(energy)8(2018全国卷)atasteformeatis_(actual) behindthechange: animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens, pigs, andcattle.9(2018全国卷)accordingtotheworldbank, chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal_(globe)fertilizerconsumption.答案与解析1poorly。考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词hasbeenstudied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。2higher。考查形容词比较级。根据其后thantheyactuallyare可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。3wonderful。考查形容词做表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式做表语，故填wonderful。4traditional；hugely。第一空：考查形容词。空格修饰名词stories，应用形容词形式，tradition的形容词为traditional，故填traditional。第二空：考查副词。空格处修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词为hugely，故填hugely。5easily。考查副词。分析句式可知，设空处所给词是修饰动词see，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用easy的副词形式。故填easily。6longer。句中有than，故用long的比较级longer。7energetic。and连接两个并列分句，两个分句都表示跑步的特征，and前面的cheap和easy均为形容词，故此处应用形容词energetic做表语，意为“需要能量的，剧烈的”。8actually。副词actually修饰谓语动词is。9global。形容词做定语。对应学生用书p165(一)形容词和副词的作用与位置作用举例形容词短语做定语，定语后置；单个形容词做定语，定语前置achildfiveyearsold，alanguagedifficulttomaster，aleaningtowerabout180feethigh，afiveyearoldchild表语形容词(afraid，alike，alone，asleep，awake，alive等)做定语，定语后置amanalive，theboyawake修饰由不定代词one，no，any，some和every与thing构成的复合不定代词anything，something，everything，nothing等时，定语一律后置ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.willyoutellusanythingnew？enough，nearby修饰名词前置或后置均可；enough修饰形容词、副词时，必须后置enoughbooksbooksenough，oldenough，rapidlyenough副词做定语，定语后置thepersonthere/hereiswaitingforyou.else“其他的，别的”常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语；other用于名词前whatelse.，whoelse.，whereelse.，nothingelse频度副词如：often，always，usually，never，hardly，seldom等在be动词、助动词、情态动词后，行为动词前youareoftenlate.sheisalwaysworried.icanhardlyspeakjapanese.表原意(无ly)的副词：deep，wide，low，high引申意(有ly)的副词：deeply(深入地)，widely(广泛地)，highly(高度地)，lowly(地位卑微地)digtheholedeep，flyhigh/lowbemoveddeeply，thinkhighlyof，beusedwidely有无ly意义大不相同的副词：dead完全，绝对，deadly非常；pretty相当，prettily漂亮地；close近，closely密切地；late晚、迟，lately最近bedeadasleep&bedeadlytiredbeprettycertain&beprettilydresseddontsitclose.&watchclosely！arrive/comelate&seesb.lately注意：有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well，faint，ill只做表语。例如：heisasickperson.(定语)()heisanillperson.(定语)()thepersonissick/ill.(表语) ()takethismedicineandithasnoilleffectonyourhealth.(做定语意为“bad”)(二)形容词和副词的比较等级比较级指两者相比较，最高级必须三者或三者以上相比较。比较级和最高级的常用句型，也是高考的焦点之一。现总结如下。名称句型例句相等as原级as(as原级名词as)itsnotashardasithought.hedoesnthaveasmuchmoneyashisfriend.不及notas/so原级as(notas/so原级n.as)less原级thansheisnotas/sobeautifulashersister.比更比较级thanhealthismoreimportantthanwealth.超越the比较级ofthetwo“两者中较的一个”heisthetallerofthetwo.用于否定no比较级than“和一样不”hedidnobetterthani.用于否定“再不过”hisworkcouldntbeworse.程度递增erander/moreandmore多音节词原级：“越来越”higherandhigher；moreandmoreimportant两种情况同时变化the比较级，the比较级(“越，就越”)theharderheworks，thehappierhefeels.三者或三者以上比较the最高级of/in比较范围(“之中最”)ofallthingsintheworld，peoplearethemostprecious.(三)比较级和最高级的修饰词语1表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语，常见的有：many，afew(用于“more可数名词”前)，50%，onethird，alot，much，abit，even，alittle，still，agreatdeal，far，byfar，rather，twoyears，tenpercent，threetimes，etc.等修饰。例如：heworksevenharderthanbefore.2用于形容词和副词最高级前，如：thevery，much，byfar，thefirst/second等。例如：thishatisbyfarthelargestintheworld.goldistheverymostvaluableofallmaterials.3修饰一些特殊形容词的修饰语有：bewellworth/prepared，quitedifferent/ready，muchthesame，terriblycold/frightening，freezingcold修饰以a开头的形容词，