unit 4 A red light for scofflaws

Unit1TextA,EnglishandAmericanConceptsofSpaceEdwardT.Hall,ANewEnglishCourse新编英语教程7,.,2,Contents,Lead-indiscussion,Backgroundknowledge,Rhetoric,Textanalysis,Homework,Vocabulary,Structure,Discussion,.,Lead-indiscussion,CulturaldifferencesLookatthefollowingpicturesanddiscussabouttheculturaldifferencesinthem.,.,4,在餐厅,.,5,意见,.,6,生活方式,.,7,旅游,.,8,人际关系,.,9,对待愤怒,.,10,周日的街景,.,11,排队,.,12,自我,.,13,胃疼时的饮品,.,14,聚会,.,15,准时,.,16,交通工具,.,17,美丽的标准,.,18,处理问题,.,19,三餐,.,20,老人的日常生活,.,21,领导,.,22,沐浴的时间,.,23,孩子,.,24,对待新事物,.,25,时尚,.,26,想象中的对方,.,27,心情与天气,.,28,Visiblebehaviour,Likeaniceberg,9/10ofcultureisbelowthesurface.,Tipoftheiceberg,Food,dress,music,dance,crafts,celebrations,language,AttitudesUnspokenrules,ValuesUnconsciousrules,Conceptofspace,conceptoftime,facialexpressions,bodylanguage,Traditions,experiences,.,PPTInterculturalcommunicationVideoInterculturalcommunication,.,31,Howdowelookatdifferentcultures?,.,32,WorldmappublishedinChina,.,33,WorldmappublishedinEurope,.,34,WorldmappublishedinNorthAmerica,.,35,WorldmappublishedinAustralia,.,36,MeltingpotSaladbowlMosaic,.,37,ImprovelanguageLearnwesternculturesBecomeabetterinterculturalcommunicator语言+文化+跨文化交际能力对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性、处理差异的灵活性文化间交流与合作的能力、协调能力、适应工作的能力、独立提出建议和讨论问题的能力、组织能力、知人处事的能力、灵活应变的能力Interculturalcommunication,.,Backgroundknowledge,Backgroundknowledge,.,Vocabulary,Vocabulary,.,40,Structure,I.P1differentconcepts:basicreasonsAm.spaceasawayofclassifyingpeople;address,acuetoonesstatusBr.thesocialsystem;positioninthesocialsystemII.P2-3differentconceptsofspaceP2AmericanconceptofspacehisownspaceP3EnglishconceptofspacespacesharedwithothersIII.P4-5culturalclashandthereasonP4culturalclash(implications):anexampleP5reasonoftheclash:differentwaysofseekingseclusionAm.dependonarchitecturalfeaturesforscreeningBernalizeasetofbarriers,.,41,Textanalysis,GeneralunderstandingQsThesisstatement?Purposeofwriting?Howisthethesisstatementdeveloped?,contrasts,.,42,Wordsorphrasesusedtoindicatecontrasts,P1intheUnitedStates,whereasinEnglandTheEnglishman,however,P3Themiddle-andupper-classEnglishman,ontheotherhand,P5TheEnglish,ontheotherhand,.,43,P1developmentofP1,TheEnglishandtheAmericansaredifferent:language,culture,Thesis:differentconceptsofspacebetweenE.andA.,Oneofthebasicreasons:spaceawayofclassdistinctions,Elaboration:examples,Extension:differencesinhowspaceisallotted,P2,3,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,910,11,12,.,44,P1,InwhatsensedoesHallusetheword“separate”inthefirstsentence?madeculturallydifferentWhat,accordingtothewriter,hasreallyseparatedtheEnglishandtheAmericans?,.,45,P1,Analyzethefollowingsentence:ThedifferencesforwhichlanguagegetsblamedmaynotbeduesomuchtowordsastocommunicationsonotherlevelsbeginningwithEnglishintonation(whichsoundsaffectedtomanyAmericans)andcontinuingtoego-linkedwaysofhandlingtime,spaceandmaterials.ThedifferencesforwhichlanguagegetsblamedmaynotbeduesomuchtowordsastocommunicationsonotherlevelsbeginningwithEnglishintonation(whichsoundsaffectedtomanyAmericans)andcontinuingtoego-linkedwaysofhandlingtime,spaceandmaterials.,.,46,Communication,verbal-nonverbal-,wordlanguageintonation,bodylanguagevisualaids:graphs,photosconceptsoftime,space,materials,.,47,P1,DifferencesbetweentheEnglishandtheAmericansLanguage:pronunciationwordssentencepatternsdiscourseCulture:theEnglish-conservativetheAmericans-frontier/pioneeringspirit,pluralism,meltingpot,.,48,P1,Publicschool:(AmE)anelementaryorsecondaryschoolintheUnitedStatessupportedbypublicfundsandprovidingfreeeducationforchildrenofacommunityordistrict.(BrE)aprivatesecondaryboardingschoolwithapreuniversitycurriculuminGreatBritainforpupilsbetweentheagesof13and18.Theybegantakingpupilswhoseparentscouldaffordresidentialfees.Apublicschoolgenerallypreparesstudentsacademicallyforhighereducation.Therefore,studentswhogotopublicschoolsaresupposedtobebettereducatedthanthosewhogotocomprehensiveschools.e.g.EtonCollege(1440,HenryVI)andHarrowSchool(1571)ofU.K.Usu.onlyfornoblepeople(aristocrat)androyalfamily.,.,49,P1,Middle-classAmericansareaheterogeneoussocioeconomicgroupingcomposedprincipallyofbusinessandprofessionalpeoplesuchasmanagers,doctors,lawyers,teachers,governmentofficials,somefarmersandskilledworkers.Theyarecharacterizedbyacomfortablematerialstandardofliving,andrespectforproperty.SinceWorldWarII,themiddleclasshasbeenthelargestsocialclassintheUnitedStates.IntheU.S.A.,mostpeopleidentifythemselvesas“middle-class”.,.,50,P1,BritishschoolsCompulsoryeducation:4to14yearsoldKindergarten:4to6yearsoldJuniorschool/primaryschool:5to11yearsold-11plusSecondaryschool:Grammarschool:forchildrenwhopassthe11plusPublicschoolComprehensiveschool:childrenofallabilityandsocialbackgroundaretaughttogetherTechnicalschool(secondarymodern,before1960s):forchildrenwhoarethoughtnotsointelligentandlearnpracticalsubjectsCollege:studentshavetogetatleast2or3O-levelsand2A-leveltogetintoUniversity,.,51,P1,Britain:class-consciouscountryroyalfamilyaristocracy/nobility(hereditarytitles:duke,marquis,earl,viscount,baron)-knighthooduppermiddleclassmiddleclassworkingclass,.,.,53,P1,in:adj.fashionable,stylish,chic,poshbeworlds/aworld/polesapartfrom:becompletelydifferentfrom截然相反，天壤之别e.g.Theirpoliticalviewsareworldsapart.Thishalfofthecountryisworldsapartfromthewesternruralprovinces.tone:thegeneralquality,effect,oratmosphere情调,格调e.g.aroomwithaneleganttone具有优雅情调的房间Thathorriblebuildinglowersthewholetoneoftheneighborhood.Herroomhasaconservativetone.thetoneofaschool,.,Brooklyn,PalmBeach,.,Miami,CapeCod,.,56,P1,allot:giveasasharee.g.allotoneroomtoeverynewteacherallottwentyminutestostudentspresentation,.,57,P2,3,P2Americanconcept:astrongsenseofonesownspaceP3Englishconcept:astrongsenseofsharedspace,.,58,P2,topicsentence?HowisP2developed?,3examples:sharedroominafamilycloseddoors,.,59,P2,shutoneselfoff:bealoneandnotdisturbed,avoidseeingorhavingcontactwithpeople,.,60,P3,conditionto:accustomtoe.g.conditionyourselftouniversitylifeconditionyourselfnottodependonyourparentsbeconditionedtoe.g.Shefeltdifficulttobeconditionedtotheabsenceofherboyfriend.Somepeopleareconditionedtobeacceptingratherthanquestioning.,.,61,P3,beentitledto(do)sth.:havetherighttoe.g.Allemployeesareentitledtoanannualpaidleaveof15days.Everychildinthiscountryisentitledtofreeeducation.Hebelievesthathisdaughterisentitledtomarryanyoneshechooses.,.,62,P3,Br.parliamenttheHouseofLords(theUpperHouse)theHouseofCommons(theLowerHouse)MemberofParliament(MP)Am.congresstheSenatesenatortheHouseofRepresentativescongressman,.,63,P3,Inregardtotheneedforwallsasascreenfortheego,thisplacestheAmericanssomewherebetweentheGermansandtheEnglish.Whohasthestrongestsenseofspace?,.,64,P4,WhatwouldhappenifanEnglishmanandanAmericanliveinthesameroom?Whoismorelikelytogetfrustratedfirst?,.,65,P4,remarkableimplicationstypifyexperiencestraininhisrelationshipwithAmericanspickupthesubtleclues,.,66,P5,reasonoftheclash:differentwaysofseekingseclusionAm.dependonarchitecturalfeaturesforscreeningBernalizeasetofbarriers,.,67,P5,ultimate:worst,best,biggeste.g.“TheRollingStoneistheultimaterockandrollband.Theultimatetesttohimisdeath.asuresign:asignthatsth.iscertainlygoingtohappene.g.Thoseblackcloudsareasuresignofrain.Learningtoappreciatewhateverlittlesurpriseslifepreparesforusisasuresignofmaturity.,.,68,P5,refuge:aplacethatprovideshelterusespaceasarefugefromothers:usespacetostayawayfromothers/toescapeineffect:infactbeineffect:(lawetc.)beusede.g.Ineffect,weareearninglessthanlastyear.Thehousingpolicyisstilline