六西格玛培训资料流程图解读

Notes:Notes:Notes:Notes:Have no fear Cause and Effects tools, the Process FMEA and Control Plans are all topics covered in subsequent modulesThe emphasis here is simply that you must Process Map before you can move forward with the project.5Notes:A process map is useful in graphically showing the process. Take a step back and ask yourself Does this make sense? Is there a better way of doing this? Keep in mind, process mapping is a team activity. However, you should always personally review the process to ensure you have captured the entire process “as-is”not the theoretical, “this is what the manager or engineer says it is”Notes:Notes:Involve as many resources as necessary to draw a complete process map. This may include large sections of the organization, however, their input is essential and does not indicate a long term commitment to the team. In such a case, you could have a “core team”and a “process mapping team”.8Notes:You should always investigate the “as-is”or “actual”process in process. You may uncover additional steps that your team could not. Another method to mapping would be to bring the team to the shop floor and follow the flow. Have someone take notes and reconvene later to record your observations.Notes:We must be thankful that we have found those sources ofvariation!Perhaps the operators have a better way of working the processRemember the discussion on unconsciouscompetent tasks? An operator is the closest person to theprocess often they have insight to the process that asupervisor or engineer does not.There was a maintenance man who worked for a manufacturing outfit that decided to retire after 25 years of service. Not too soonafterwards, a very important piece of equipment broke down. The local supervisor got the approval to have him come back in to fix the machine considering no one else could figure out the problem. The maintenance man came back him, put his ear up to the machine, felt out an area with his hand and quickly whacked it with a hammer! Miraculously the machine began to work. The maintenance man then handed over his bill to supervisor -$5,000. The supervisor, taken aback by the large amount, asked why the charge was so high if all he had to do was hit the machine with a hammerThe man replied, “Hitting the machine with the hammer only cost you $5.00 it was knowing exactly where to hit the machine that cost you $4,995.00”.Notes:Some processes can be entirely non-value added, however, that does not indicate that they are “bad”or faultyNotes:Notes:Remember to include things that happen infrequently, such as monthly cleanings, preventive maintenance, seasonal changes, etc.Notes:If the problem could be solved in a broad summary analysis, management could do it. Map the process based on events (each process step, movement, walk, wait, each step in a set-up)Notes:Generally, a macro map is good tool when first investigating the project. It is commonly used by Champions to define projects and can be used to focus the teams efforts in the right area by including specifications and further detailing.Notes:Notes:Notes:There are numerous symbols used in process mapping activities. The symbols above are very generic and common