自考英语Unit-4-Text-Bppt课件

HowtoStartYourOwnBusiness,Unit4TEXTB,2,Paradox,asituationthatseemsstrangebecauseitinvolvestwoideasorqualitiesthatareverydifferent:Itsaparadoxthatinsucharichcountrytherecanbesomuchpoverty.死亡本身就是自相矛盾的，既是终结也是开始。Deathitselfisaparadox,theendyetthebeginning.,2,.,3,Liein,ifaproblem,ananswer,blameetcliessomewhere,itiscausedby,exists,orcanbefoundinthatthing,person,orsituationtheproblem/answeretclieswith/insomethingThedifficultyliesinprovidingsufficientevidence.Thestrengthofthebookliesinthefactthatthematerialisfromclassroomexperience.,3,.,4,Simultaneous,thingsthataresimultaneoushappenatexactlythesametime:Uptotwentyuserscanhavesimultaneousaccesstothesystem.simultaneouswithThewithdrawalofBritishtroopsshouldbesimultaneouswiththatofUSforces.,4,.,5,Reward,Theschoolhasasystemofrewardsandpunishmentstoencouragegoodbehaviour.rewardfor(doing)somethingSeveraloftheparentsweregivingtheirchildrenrewardsforpassingexams.,5,.,6,Entrepreneur,他是个航运企业家。Heisashippingentrepreneur.这位企业家变成了新闻人物。Theentrepreneurhasbecomeanewsfigure.,6,.,7,Exclude,Thearmyshouldbeexcludedfrompoliticallife.excludesomethingfromsomethingSomeofthedatawasspecificallyexcludedfromthereport.-includeHisjobincludeslookingafterunder-21teams.Serviceisincludedinthebill.,7,.,8,Tragic,Theparentswerenottoblameforthetragicdeathoftheirson.LillianBoardsdeathat22wasatragiclossforBritishathletics.-tragedyaverysadevent,thatshockspeoplebecauseitinvolvesdeath:Thetragedyhappenedastheywerereturninghomefromanightout.Therealtragedyisthatthecitywillnolongerhaveanorchestra.,8,.,9,Passion,withpassionHespokewithconsiderablepassionabouttheimportanceofartandliterature.Theissuearousesstrongpassions.passionforhispassionforfootballGardeningwashergreatpassion.,9,.,10,Sound,sensibleandlikelytoproducetherightresultspoor:Thebookisfullofsoundadvice.amanofgreatintegrityandsoundjudgement,10,.,11,Process,theIsraeli-EgyptianpeaceprocessRcessoftheprocessofeconomicchangethementalprocessesinvolvedindecision-making,11,.,12,Bargainfor,usuallyinnegativestoexpectthatsomethingwillhappenandmakeitpartofyourplans:Theyhadntbargainedforsuchadramaticchangeintheweather.这项政策带来的影响是政府始料未及的。Theeffectsofthispolicyweremorethanthegovernmenthadbargainedfor,12,.,13,Crucial,crucialtoThisaidmoneyiscrucialtothegovernmentseconomicpolicies.Theconservationoftropicalforestsisofcrucialimportance.,13,.,14,Privileged,beprivilegedtodosomethingIwasprivilegedtoleadtheteam.Ifeelextremelyprivilegedtoworkinyourcompany.,14,.,15,Motivation,somebodysmotivationeffortstoimproveemployeesmotivationJackisanintelligentpupil,buthelacksmotivation.ahighlevelofmotivation-motivate1)tobethereasonwhysomeonedoessomething=drive:Washemotivatedsolelybyadesireforpower?motivatesomebodytodosomethingWemayneverknowwhatmotivatedhimtokillhiswife.2)tomakesomeonewanttoachievesomethingandmakethemwillingtoworkhardinordertodothis:motivatesomebodytodosomethingTheprofit-sharingplanisdesignedtomotivatethestafftoworkhard.Motivatingfactors,15,.,16,Writeout,towritesomethingonpaper,especiallyinaneatandclearway,includingallthenecessarydetails:Thechildrenwereaskedtochoosetheirfavouritepoemandwriteitoutintheirbesthandwriting.,16,.,17,Prioritize,Youneedtoprioritizeyourtasks.现在我会将所有任务排出优先次序然后制定出计划。Inowprioritizeallofmytasksandcreateaplan.-prioritythethingthatyouthinkismostimportantandthatneedsattentionbeforeanythingelse:first/top/mainpriorityThechildrenareourfirstpriority.Afterseveralburglariesinthearea,securityisnowahighpriority,17,.,18,Pattern,theregularwayinwhichsomethinghappens,develops,orisdone:Weatherpatternshavechangedinrecentyears.Thechildshowedanormalpatternofdevelopment.patterninTheynoticedpatternsinthedata.Ageneralpatternbegantoemerge.Theirdescriptionsseemedtofollowasetpattern(=alwaysdevelopinthesameway).,18,.,19,Uniquely,anactoruniquelysuitedtothepart-unique1)unusuallygoodandspecial:auniqueopportunitytostudytheserarecreatures2)existingonlyinaparticularplaceorinrelationtoaparticularpersonorpeople:uniquetosomebody/somethingTheissuesbeingdiscussedherearenotuniquetotheUS.,19,.,20,Bringtothetable,Thenewmanagerhasbroughtalotofinternationalexperiencetothetable.新任经理带来了许多国际性的经验。我们需要那些能带来技能、才干和能力的人。Weneedthepeoplewhocanbringtheskills,talents,abilitiestothetable.,20,.,21,beat/in/totheforefrontof,tobeinaleadingpositioninanimportantactivitythatistryingtoachievesomethingordevelopnewideas:Thecompanyhasalwaysbeenattheforefrontofscienceandtechnology.Prisonconditionshavebeenpushedtotheforefrontofpublicdebate.Fearofunemploymentwasattheforefrontofeveryonesminds.,21,.,22,Strategy,thegovernmentslong-termeconomicstrategyacompanysbusinessstrategystrategyfordoingsomethingastrategyfordealingwithcrime我们将讨论有关今年销售策略的问题。Wewilldiscussoursalesstrategythisyear-strategicastrategicdecisiontomoveproductiontoHungary,22,.,23,Routine,Johnsdeparturehadupsettheirdailyroutine.Trytogetintoaroutine(=developafixedorderofdoingthings).mydailyexerciseroutineDressingisataskwhichwedoeverydayasamatterofroutine,23,.,24,Sight,InplainsightAmericanEnglishifsomethingisinplainsight,itiseasytoseeornotice,especiallywhenitshouldbehidden:Dontleaveyourvaluablesinplainsight.,24,.,25,Solely,Scholarshipsaregivensolelyonthebasisoffinancialneed.-solethesoleAmericanintheroomGriffithsisthesolesurvivorofthecrash.,25,.,26,Logistics,thepracticalarrangementsthatareneededinordertomakeaplanthatinvolvesalotofpeopleandequipmentsuccessful:theday-to-daylogisticsinvolvedwithmininglogisticsofthelogisticsoftravellingwithsmallchildren,26,.,27,Locally,Ilivelocally,soitseasytogettotheoffice.-locallocalhospitallocalresidents,27,.,28,Competitor,Lastyeartheysoldtwiceasmanycomputersastheircompetitors.major/maincompetitorsThecompanysfourmajorcompetitorshavenothingtorivalthenewproduct.-competecompetewithTheyfoundthemselvescompetingwithforeigncompaniesforashareofthemarket.,28,.,29,Determine,tofindoutthefactsaboutsomething=establish:Investigatorsarestilltryingtodeterminethecauseofthefire.determinehow/what/whoTheaimoftheinquirywastodeterminewhathadcausedtheaccident.,29,.,30,Room,thechancetodosomething,orthepossibilitythatsomethingexistsorcanhappenroomforThereslittleroomforinnovation.roomfordoubt/debate/argumentTheevidencewasclear,andtherewaslittleroomfordoubt.,30,.,31,drawsomebodyin,togetsomeoneinvolvedinsomething:Weshouldusethedemonstrationasanopportunitytodrawmoresupportersin.Despitehimself,hefoundhimselfbeingdrawninbythemanswarmthandease.,31,.,32,Niche,relatingtosellinggoodstoaparticularsmallgroupofpeoplewhohavesimilarneeds,interestsetc:nichemarketinganichemarketanicheproduct,32,.,33,Survive,tocontinuetobesuccessful:Thecarindustrycannotsurvivewithoutgovernmenthelp.Alotofsmallerfirmsdidnotsurvivetherecession.,33,.,34,Frontend,Yes,butwhysitcalledafront-endloan?那么，什么叫初期贷款？Functionaldepartmentsshouldcloselyco-ordinatewiththefrontendsalesforce.职能部门应当与前端销售人员紧密合作。,34,.,35,Client,ameetingwithanimportantclientPotentialclient,35,.,36,Finance,financespluralthemoneythatanorganizationorpersonhas,andthewaythattheymanageit:concernsaboutthecompanysfinancesSherefusedtoanswerquestionsaboutherpersonalfinances.-financialItwasawonderfulfilm,butnotexactlyafinancialsuccess(=somethingthatmakesaprofit).financialdifficulties/problems/crisisfinancialobligationsfinancialboundariesafinancialadvisorfinancialviabilityfinancialloss,36,.,37,Purchase,Youcanpurchaseinsuranceon-line.thegrowingdemandtopurchasegoodsoncreditWheredidyoupurchasethecar?,37,.,38,Obligation,amoralorlegaldutytodosomethingThegovernmentmustpayforhealthcareforwarveterans-itisanobligationweowetothem.amoralobligationtohelpthepoorEmployershaveanobligationtotreatallemployeesequally.,38,.,39,Extendbeyond,toaffectorincludepeople,things,orplacesextendto/beyondetcMydutiesattheschoolextendbeyondjustteaching.Thevotewasextendedtoallwomenaged21andoverin1928.,39,.,40,Downpayment,apaymentyoumakewhenyoubuysomethingthatisonlypartofthefullprice,withtheresttobepaidlater:Wevealmostgotenoughmoneytomakeadownpaymentonahouse.,40,.,41,Mortgage,alegalarrangementbywhichyouborrowmoneyfromabankorsimilarorganizationinordertobuyahouse,andpaybackthemoneyoveraperiodofyears:Theyvetakenouta30yearmortgage(=theywillpayfortheirhouseoveraperiodof30years).WedecidedtouseFredsredundancymoneytopayoffthemortgage,41,.,42,Fixture,apieceofequipmentthatisfixedinsideahouseorbuildingandissoldaspartofthehouse:lightfixturesfixturesandfittingsBritishEnglish(=alltheequipmentthatisnormallyincludedaspartofahouseorbuildingwhenitissold),42,.,43,Landscape,Theareaaroundthepondhasalsobeenlandscaped.Agreatdealofworkwasdoneatthattimeinenlargingandlandscapingthepark.Landscapingequipment,43,.,44,Exceed,Workinghoursmustnotexceed42hoursaweek.Hisperformanceexceededourexpectations.Hewasfinedforexceedingthespeedlimit.,44,.,45,Boundary,boundaryoftheboundariesofhumanknowledgewithin/beyondtheboundariesofsomethingwithintheboundariesofthelaw,45,.,46,Exhaustive,anexhaustiveinvestigationThelistisbynomeansexhaustive.Therescueteammadeanexhaustivesearchofthearea.他对这个问题进行了彻底的研究。Hehasmadeanexhaustivestudyoftheproblem.,46,.,47,Viability,thelong-termeconomicviabilityofthecompany-viableaviableidea,plan,ormethodcanworksuccessfullyThecommitteecameforwardwithoneviablesolution.economically/commercially/financiallyviableWillahotelherebefinanciallyviable?,47,.,48,Run,Forawhile,sheranarestaurantinBoston.Manypeopledontcarewhorunsthecountry.,48,.,49,Assume,tothinkthatsomethingistrue,althoughyoudonothavedefiniteproof=presumeassume(that)Ididntseeyourcar,soIassumedyoudgoneout.Itseemsreasonabletoassumethatthebookwaswrittenaround70AD.Ithinkwecansafelyassume(=itisalmostcertain)thatinterestrateswillgoupagainsoon.我想你已经决定不买新汽车了。Iassumeyouvedecidedagainstbuyinganewcar.,49,.,50,Alleviate,tomakesomethinglesspainfulordifficulttodealwithalleviatetheproblem/situation/sufferinganewmedicinetoalleviatethesymptomsofflumeasurestoalleviatepoverty,50,.,51,Seekout,totrytofindsomeoneorsomething,especiallywhenthisisdifficult:Ourmissionistoseekouttheenemyanddestroythem.Seekoutadvice,51,.,52,Seasoned,seasonedtraveller/observerArtiewasbythenaseasonedmusicianwithsixalbumstohiscredit.,52,.,53,Offer,toprovidesomethingthatpeopleneedorwantofferadvice/help/supportYourdoctorshouldbeabletoofferadviceondiet.,53,.,54,Aspire,todesireandworktowardsachievingsomethingimportantaspiretocollegegraduatesaspiringtocareersinfinanceaspiretodosomethingAtthattime,allseriousartistsaspiredtogotoRome.千千万万的年轻球手立志要想成为象他那样的英雄。Andthousandsofyoungplayersaspiretobelikehim.,54,.,55,Various,Thejacketisavailableinvariouscolours.Therearevariouswaystoansweryourquestion.Hedecidedtoleaveschoolforvariousreasons.,55,.,56,Makeshift,madetobeusedforashorttimeonlywhennothingbetterisavailable:Therefugeessleptinmakeshifttentsatthesideoftheroad.他们把箱子做成一张临时用的桌子Theymadeamakeshifttablefromboxes.,56,.,57,Director,someonewhocontrolsormanagesacompanyexecutivedirectorofaformerdirectorofGartmorePensionsLtdThecompanyisrunbyaboardofdirectors(=agroupofdirectors).,57,.,58,Inplace,existingandreadytobeused:Fundingarrangementsarealreadyinplace.,58,.,59,License,Thedealersappliedforanexportlicence.Hewasarrestedfordrivingwithoutalicense.,59,.,60,Presence,theabilitytogainsalesbecauseyourbusinessisstrongornoticeable:acompanywithastrongpresenceinallmajorworldmarkets,60,.,61,Unparalleled,anachievementunparalleledinsportinghistoryGermanysunparalleledprosperityisbasedonwiseinvestments.德国空前的繁荣是建立在明智的投资基础之上的。该国正面临着一场二战以来前所未有的危机。ThecountryisfacingacrisisunparalleledsincetheSecondWorldWar.,61,.,62,Professional,relatingtoajobthatneedsspecialeducationandtrainingWhatprofessionalqualificationsdoeshehave?Itisessentialtogetgoodprofessionaladvice.Youmayneedtoseekprofessionalhelp.,62,.,63,Career,ajoborprofessionthatyouhavebeentrainedfor,andwhichyoudoforalongperiodofyourlifecareerinacareerinjournalismateachingcareerHerealizedthathisactingcareerwasover.,63,.,64,Feed,toincreasethestrengthofanemotion,desireetc:Herdepressiongrew,fedbyherbitterexperiences.,64,.,65,Phrases,BargainforFeelprivilegedtoHavecontroloverWriteoutMotivatingfactorsBringtothetableAttheforefrontMarketingstrategiesDailyroutineInplainsightStayfocusedonDrawin,NichemarketPotentialclientsKeepaliveExtendbeyondDownpaymentLightfixturesExceedboundariesGetupAlleviatetheburdenSeekoutadviceAspireto,65,.,Writing,Simple,compound,complexandcocompound-complexsentences,67,Thesimplesentence,Thebannersflutteredgaily.Thecoloredbannersflutteredgailyinthebreeze.Thebrightlycoloredbannersflutteredgailyintheearlymorningbreeze.Wavingonhigh,thebrightlycoloredbannersflutteredgailyintheearlymorningbreeze.,67,.,68,Structureofsimplesentence,Subject+verb+(object)Learningaforeignlanguagetakesbothpracticeandpatience.Subject+verb+(object)+(prep.+n)Theyusedtogettoschoolhalfanhourbeforeclass.Subject+verb+(object)+(todo)Iampleasedtobehereonthisoccasiontocongratulateyouonyoursuccess.Subject+verb+(object)+(participles)HedecidedtoreturntoChina,nowknowingawordofFrench.Subject+verb+(object)+(n./pron+doing/done/todosth/adj./adv/prep.)Allthingsconsidered,theplannedtripwillhavetobecalledoff.Thepolicemanwassearchingthehouse,guninhand.Herodealong,hisdogrunningandbakingafterhim.Herfaceblackfromthesun,shecamebackfromthecountryside.,68,.,69,Thecompoundsentence,Coordinatingconjunctionsand,or,nor,for,so,but,yetconjunctiveadverbshowever,therefore,moreover,then,accordingly,nonetheless,besides,indeed,otherwise,thus,consequently,likewise,furthermore,meanwhile,nevertheless,hence,69,.,70,Structureofcompoundsentence,Independentclause+coordinatingconjunctions+independentclauseIndependentclause+conjunctiveadverbs+independentclause,70,.,71,Coordinatingconjunctions,1.theAndgroup2.theButgroup3.theOrgroup4.theSogroup,71,.,72,1.theAndgroup,IlikeEnglishandhelikesFrench.Notonlythefurcoatissoft,butitisalsowarm.Roadswereflooded,andentirehomeswerewashedaway.Thecompanywentbankruptandconsequentlyhelosthisjob.Pleaseinformusofyourdecisionandwewillactaccordingly.Mymiddle-agedbodyissore;mymiddle-agedfaceiswrinkled.,72,.,73,2.theButgroup,Thecoatwasthinbutitwaswarm.Thecarwasquitecold,yetitwasinexcellentcondition.Inspiteof/Despiteitsage,thecarwasinexcellentcondition.,73,.,74,3.theOrgroup,Youmustworkhard,oryouwillfailinthefinalexam.NeitheryounorIamtoblame.Manystudentsdonotliketostudyfortests,nordotheyliketowritetermpapers.Eitheryouranswerormineiswrong.,74,.,75,4.theSogroup,ForeignstudentsmusttakeEnglishclass,fortheymustbeabletocommunicateeasilyinspeakingandwriting.Therainbegantofall,sowewenthomePeterwasill,soIwentinhisplace.,75,.,76,Conjunctiveadverbs,递进besides,furthermore,moreover,inaddition相同likewise,similarly,inthesameway转折和让步however,nevertheless,still,instead,incontrast,ontheotherha