自考英语二串讲(珍藏版).ppt

英语二串讲(自考乐园版),主讲：李佳其更多优质自考资料尽在百度贴吧自考乐园俱乐部（,目录,第一讲课程说明第二讲重点知识讲解回顾第三讲题型精析，答题策略与千万自考生同行，你准备好了吗?自考乐园,第一讲课程说明英语（二）是高等教育自学考试全国统考课程之一，即将进行的英语二的考试，根据考试大纲的说明，将继续沿用以往的题型，考查学生词汇、语法的掌握情况和阅读、翻译等语言运用能力。命题题型、分值、难度和效度都将与以往试题保持整体上的一致，基本上不做变化。考试采用闭卷笔答形式，限时150分钟。试卷由试题册、答题卡和答题纸组成，所有答案均须按要求填写在答题卡和答题纸上。试题由客观题和主观题构成，各占50%，试题题量以中等水平的考生能在规定的时间内答完全部试题并有适量时间检查答案为度。评分采用百分制，60分为及格。试卷结构如下表：,串讲目的：通过对课程重点内容的整理概括、知识点的梳理总结，着重讲解考点，分析难点。同时分析考试命题趋势，指导学生答题方法，提示学生考前复习计划，目的是帮助应试者通过本课程考试，达到考试要求。本次串讲重点讲述：重点词汇、短语：大纲要求考生能够认知3943个单词，熟练掌握2000个常用词即重点词汇,考试高频词；重点、难点句子详解：教材课文中一些句子含有较多、较集中的知识点或者句子结构很复杂包含了多重语法现象，需要给同学们单独列出讲解；一些句子不易理解，包含了英语中的不常见用法，需要给同学们提示；通过分析这些句子强化考点，同时提高同学们的语言应用能力；考题举例：讲解知识点的同时，通过分析历年考题，强化了知识点，并使学生了解命题的方向、范围、难度；题型分析、答题策略：分析试卷的7大考题题型，逐一提出考查的知识点、出题来源、复习重点、答题方法和答题时间；复习计划和考情交流：分析考试命题趋势，提示学生考前复习计划；,参考教材：大学英语自学教程下册，高远主编，高等教育出版社参考资料：英语（二）自学考试大纲，全国高等教育自学考试指导委员会制订，高等教育出版社出版,第二讲重点知识讲解回顾,Unit1,重点单词和短语objectiveaccomplishpredictaccompanyattainschemeskilledarguedefineinterviewprospectcourseofactionintheway(bytheway,innoway,inaway)makeaguessatcontributetoandthelike(andsoon)seektodosth.inpartpointofviewvaryfromtoapplyfor(to)havenoideabringabouttakethetroubletodoputoneselfinonesplacetoonesadvantageatadisadvantageaskforinhandturndown(up,on,off,out,over,back),重点、难点句子详解1.Adecisionisachoicemadefromamongalternativecoursesofactionthatareavailable.解析：coursesofaction意思是行动方案、做事步骤；made是过去分词；fromamong为二重介词例：Wellinformyouassoonasticketsbecome_.(06-4)A.valuableB.capableC.acceptableD.available(D)2.somesuggestthatthemanagementprocessisdecisionmaking.解析：suggest表示认为、提出、暗示意思，后面不用虚拟语气，表示建议意思，后面用虚拟语气。例：Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beheld(hold)atsomeothertime.,3.decisionmakingincludeslimitingalternativesaswellasidentifyingthem.解析：aswellas意思是既又4.Infact,Ididhaveseveralquestions,butyouhavealreadyansweredthemall.解析：助动词do在肯定句中用在动词之前表示强调，意思是确实。5.butdonotletitworryyoutoomuch.解析：动词let,make,have,hear,see,observe等词之后的宾语补足语为省略to的不定式结构。6.Thereislittlelikelihoodthat对比：Thereisa/every/nolikelihoodthat/of例：Thetwosistersare_inmanyways,notonlyinappearancebutalsointemperament.(06-4)A.likeB.likelyC.alikeD.lively(C),Unit2,重点单词和短语exertcollapseshrinkbasislaunchconvinceoperaterevolveglitterunlikely(belikelyto)whereasconcerned(beconcernedabout)plateauintheoryapplytodependonresearchintoswallowupmakeuseoftogetherwithineveryrespectinotherwordsconsistofagreatmanyunderthecircumstancesmakeadifferenceaboveallasaruleseektodosth.inpartpointofviewvaryfromto例：Ihopemyboyfriendwillbehandsome,strongand_kind.(06-4)A.aboveallB.inallC.atallD.afterall(A)重点、难点句子详解1.Einsteinclaimedthatmatterandenergyareinterchangeable例：爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的，因此没有绝对的时间和空间。(05-4-68)2.Itisonlyrecentlythatastronomershavebegunspecificresearchintoblackholes.,例1：ItisonFriday_wewillholdthemeeting.A.thatB.whenC.inthattimeD.what(A)例2:Asapainter,Tedwasvery_aboutthecolorsheused.(03-10)A.specificB.specialC.peculiarD.particular(D)3.Theearthisoneofmineplanetswhichmoveinorbitroundthesun.对比：Theearthistheonlyoneofthenineplanetswhichhaslifeonit.4.Thetotalwaterareaisaboutthreetimesaslargeasthelandarea.解析：数词+times+as+形容词+as是表示倍数的表达法。例：Itisimportanttonotethatareadingof4indicatesanearthquaketentimesasstrongasonewithareadingof3.(unit6textB)5.Themorewelearnaboutotherpeople,thebetterweunderstandtheirideas,and,asarule,thebetterwelikethosepeoplethemselves.解析：the+比较级，the+比较级结构，意思是越越，第一个从句中谓语动词不用倒装，第二个从句谓语动词可以用倒装，也可以用正装语气。例：_weare,_webecome.A.theoldest;thewiserB.older;wiserC.theolder,themorewiseD.theolder;thewiser(D),Unit3,重点单词和短语deterioratedebate(on/upon)requestensureoppose(beopposedto)burdensensitiveprivilegeappointbiasaccessiblerecruitbeaffectedwithcarryoutinadditiontointhiscaseopenupcarefortakeintoaccounthaveatheartbesensitivetooptoutofforshortamounttoon(the)averagecompetewithblamesb.forsth.bynaturewhenitcomestoberelatedtobeworthdoing,重点、难点句子详解1.Itisveryeasyinsocietynowfortheelderly,thedisabledandthedependenttofeelthattheyareburdens.例：Itisimportant_thereintime.A.foryoutogetB.toyoutogetC.yourgettingD.ofyougetting(A)2.Anditmaybeworthrememberingthat解析：beworth意思是值得，后面接名词、代词以及主动形式的动名词。3.Manypeople,though,aretotallyagainstthepracticeofeuthanasia.解析：Though是一个起连结性作用的副词，意思相当于however,but.4.“Well,itsnotasifImplanningtomurderacrowdofpeoplewithamachinegun.”解析：Asif引出的从句，谓语动词根据实际情况选择用虚拟语气形式还是一般陈述语气。例：Itseemsasifitwerespringnow.使用虚拟语气,Unit4,重点单词和短语domesticexploitcampaignexecuteconvictincidencedeservedespitedeportminimummaintenanceguiltimmigrantweeddenydegradeinhumanecivillibertydisaffectionargumentcircusbringoverwatchoverinunisoncalluppaybackuptoagreatdealofbesupposedtoconvictoffeellikeprotectfromriskdoingsth.dealwithaccordingtobedeservingofthreatentodosth.agreetodosth.distinguishfromreacttocleanup,重点、难点句子详解1.Andtheycanhavetheirpassportsremoved,makingleavingor“escaping”virtuallyimpossible.解析：making是分词短语，表示结果，impossible做宾补。removed是过去分词作宾补，表示有完成和被动的含义。2.Itis,theysay,therighttochangeemployerswhichdistinguishesemploymentfromslavery.解析：theysay是插入语，本句是一个强调句式，which可以改成that,句子会更正式。3.Sixoutofeverytenprisonersinchainsareblack,whichiswhythechaingangscallupimagesofslaveryincenturiesgoneby.解析：数字+outofevery+数字，意思是每个中就有个；which引导非限定性的定语从句修饰前面整个句子;goneby是分词短语修饰centuries表示已经完成。4.Whattheywilldoismakeprisonersmoreangry,morehostile解析：what引导的主语从句中带有实义动词do,表语不定式可以带to,也可以省略to.,Unit5,重点单词和短语folktransformationdistinctsentimentoriginatespontaneoussynthesisreadilyamplifierelectronicsstudiopenetratingtherebyparticipatemultimedialiveinspireinvariablyimproviseconstructivecreativepreliminarypainstakingconceptiontempermolddiversifiedconventionalharmonyevidenttakeovertakeontakeuptakeovertakeplacebuildoutofinexistenceinasenseatastretchserveasinadvanceforthesakeofbeborninfashionbeginwithitgoeswithoutsayingthat,重点、难点句子详解1.Whathappened,aswellasitcanbeputintowords,wasthis.解析：第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词，well是副词修饰put,注意区别aswellas;例:Thosestories,aswellasthisboringone,havebeentoldalmosthundredsoftimes.2.Electronicsdid,infact,makepossiblesoundsthatnoinstrumentuptothattimecouldproduce.解析：make是谓语动词，soundsthatnoinstrumentuptothattimecouldproduce是宾语，possible是宾补前置了，英语中有时为了句子结构的平衡，可对句子结构进行调整。3.Itisdifficulttosummarizethecomposingmethodsofsodiversifiedagroup.解析：so/too+形容词+a/an+名词以及such+a/an+形容词+名词是固定搭配，例如：Hewasnotsobigafoolashelooked.4.ThecreativeactwithPalestrinaisnotthematicconceptionsomuchasthepersonaltreatmentofwell-establishedpattern.解析：notsomuchas意思是与其说不如说，不像那么,Unit6,重点单词和短语efficiencyappliancespecificshadeprevalentincreasinglyswitchdefectivespraypersonnelcompletionassemblecastreductioncriticalintensifywarningprecedespeculatepartialreliabilityforecastdecaysubsideanalyzeshiftexposesth./sb.totoadegreeconvertto/intopreventfrominbetweenberesponsibleforinquestiondifferfromworkoninthatplentyofbecapableoftootobeonthealertsetupassociatewithbeinvolvedin,重点、难点句子详解1.Therobotsusedinnuclearpowerplantshandletheradioactivematerials,preventinghumanpersonnelfrombeingexposedtoradiation.解析：usedinnuclearpowerplants,过去分词短语作定语，修饰robots;preventingfrom是一个现在分词短语作目的状语。2.Itisnotyetknownwhetherrobotswillonedayhavevisionasgoodashumanvision.解析：it是形式主语，whether引导的从句为真正主语，whether不能由if代替，if不能引导主语从句，只能引导宾语从句和条件状语从句。3.Whilethisisasmallstart,itisstillabeginning.解析：while这里是连词引导让步状语从句，意思相当于though,although;还可以做转折连词，意思为但是、然而；也可以引导时间状语从句，意思是当时候，在期间；,Unit7,重点单词和短语possessionrelaxationdesirableportrayunderlieacquiremotivateurbanparticipationattainmentsatisfactionpositivetrickyflexibleprojectrealisticemergencycrashdeemassignmenttemptationattachimportancetointermsofimparttoputtouseberelevanttoonthepartofbeconcernedwithsetasobjectivecontributetolookaheadfallbythewaysidehangupthrowoffworkoutkidintodoingsth.stickwith/indevotetothemorethemore,重点、难点句子详解1.Thus,peoplewhoneedtoexertmuchenergyintheirworkwillfindrelaxationmostdesirableinleisure.解析：exertoneselftodosth.意思是努力做某事；find+宾语+补语（adj,-ing,-ed,不定式，介词短语）。2.Hence,itcanbearguedthatthepeoplewithwhomwecomeintocontactinthesevariouscontextsare解析：Itcanbearguedthat是以it作形式主语的被动语态结构，类似的还有：Itissaidthat,Itisbelievedthat,Itisreportedthat,Itisthoughtthat;withwhom是介词+关系代词的限定性定语从句，修饰people.Comeintocontactwith与接触3.Itisnothowmuchtimeyouallocateforstudythatcountsbuthowmuchyoulearnwhenyoudostudy.解析：这是一个强调句式，被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语、状语以及从句，可用that,which,who引导。4.Thiswillnotonlykeepthestudyhabitalivebutalsokeepyouuptodateonyourclassassignmentsandprojects.解析：keep+宾语+adj.意思是使保持某种状态；uptodate意思是最新的，切合目前情况的。,Unit8,重点单词和短语internalexternalovercomedestinationresetneutralfeasibleproceedingalarmpromoteinteractfadedurationmoderatedistractionexceptionalremedyproductivityappreciatemisleadtypicaleffectonblamesth.onsb.=blamesb.forsth.asfreshaspaintnowthatleavealoneoutofstepintimeashortcutcomeacrossduetoattendtofallapartbetrueoflackofathandatonceplayaroleinbefacedwithaccountfortodate=sofar=uptonow,重点、难点句子详解1.Confused?SowasJohnFosterDulles,theAmericanSecretaryofState.解析：confused是areyouconfused?的省略句；当以So开头表示与前边情况类似的句子时，要用倒装语序。例如：MybrothercanspeakFrench,socanmysister.2.Itisnotfeasibletowaitfourdaysuntilthebodyisusedtothenewtimezone.解析：it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式结构，until与not连用，翻译为直到才，例如：Dontopenthedooruntilthetrainstops.3.Thereisevidence,ofcourse,thatmotivationplaysanimportantroleinovercomingtheeffectsofdistractorsandthatthereareconsiderabledifferencesin解析：两个that引导的同位语从句，说明evidence;,Unit9,重点单词和短语dependencyupwardsliabilityrevisionlengthenalterproportionappreciationacknowledgeneglectesteemhandleappropriatewithdrawworthlessapproximatetobeclassifiedasratherthaninonesthirtiesintermsoftakeadvantageofcopewithnootherthanlookdownonviewasexchangefor例：Itwouldbebettertomakeadecisionnow,_leaveituntilnextweek.(06-4)A.otherthanB.ratherthanC.lessthanD.morethanB,重点、难点句子详解1.becauselotsofdependentbabiesaremoreofaliabilitythannumbersoftheinactiveaged.解析：be+of+名词,表示具有与该名词同源的形容词的性质。例:Thegirlisofbeauty.=Thegirlisbeautiful.Anumberof=numbersof表示一些、若干，谓语动词用复数thenumberof表示的数目，谓语动词用单数。2.ThereisoftenresistancetotheideathatitisbecausethebirthratefellearlierinWesternandNorthwesternEuropethanelsewhere,ratherthanbecauseofanychangeinthedeathrate,thatwehavegrownsoold.解析：theidea后的that引导同位语从句，同位语从句部分是一个itisthat结构的强调句型，强调部分是原因状语从句；ratherthan意思是“而不是”。3.Childrenneedhelpunderstandingthattheirself-esteemandtheself-esteemofthosetheyinteractwithhaveadirecteffectoneachother.解析：that引导的宾语从句，包含一个省略that的定语从句，theyinteractwith修饰those;haveaneffecton/upon对有影响。,Unit10,重点单词和短语strategyrepresentativedemocraticnomineecertaintydeclinecongressloyaltyprovisionelectionstirpursuedominatecompetitoroppositionnominatecollectivelyautomaticallycontestassaultstandnochanceofidentifyasimpactoneitherordrawawayfromfocusonlosesth.tosb.innumberbreakupintherunningin/outofpowerinfavorofcomeintopowercarryonanumberofasaconsequenceofasaresultofbreakdown,重点、难点句子详解1.Althoughpresidentialelectionsoccurevery4years.解析：occur意思是发生，occurto被想起，例如：Anideahasoccurredtome.2.Indecidingwhethertopursueacourseofaction,theytrytoestimateitslikelyimpactonthevoters.解析：courseofaction意思是行动方案；3.Theadvantageofthesecondpartyoverthethirdissogreatthatitistheonlypartythatislikelytobeabletooverturnthepartyinpower.解析：haveanadvantageover优于；sothat如此以至于引导结果状语从句，that引导的状语从句中，包含一个that引导的定语从句。4.Usuallythesmallpartiescollectivelypolllessthan5percentofthevotecastinnationalelection.解析：cast是过去分词。,Unit11,重点单词和短语disorderirrelevantmisleadingsimulatereplaceundergonegativeremarkreliefdepriveprevaildelightfulliteralneverthelesstouchingcontentedimperativedevotionrefinedoresearchintoaimfortakeforgrantedfeelbitteratsacrificetobecentraltodoexperimentonbeirrelevanttobringoutgoingsandcomingsateasepleafornot(never)foramomentcatch/seizeholdof例：你所说的与我们正在讨论的毫不相干。（06-4）,重点、难点句子详解1.Thefamousexampleofthalidomideisacaseformoreanimaltesting,notless.解析：for意思是infavorof;support;case案例、病例、实例例：Doctorsbelievethatbadnervesarethecauseofsleeplessnessinninety-nine_outofahundred.A.examplesB.eventsC.instancesD.cases(D)2.Whenitcomestoresearchintoheartdiseaseanditseffectsonthebody,ordiseaseofthebrainforexample,wedonothaveadequatesubstitutesfortheuseofanimals.解析：whenitcomesto是一个固定句型，意思是当谈到的时候；substitutefor意思是代替、替换，for后面是被替换的对象；例如：Honeycansubstituteforsugar.3.Manyothernewtechniquesarenowavailablethatenablemoreresearchtobedoneinthetesttube解析：that引导的是定语从句，修饰techniques;available意思是可以应用、使用。,Unit12,重点单词和短语symptomintellectualdetailenhanceinitialconfrontsensitivitysurroundingcharactermodestmiserableadministrationrespectivelyvolunteeridentityprimarilypsychologyundertakegamblebecontrarytoputoffbeconfrontedwithdrawondreamofatseaimpressoninrealityletgoofgazeonbeawareofinonesmindseyegooverfreefromputaside=setasidebebeneficialtoadduptoatonesbestinfluenceoninturningeneralmakeadifference例：1.Withallthisdone,Ihavebeenfreed(free)fromalltroublesandresponsibilities.(05-4)2.Althoughsheisverybusy,Mum_sometimeeverydaytoreadtous.A.setsoffB.setsforC.setsasideD.setsupC,重点、难点句子详解1.Notonlyaretheylessabletodealwiththepressureofday-to-dayexistence,butalso解析：notonly放在句首，后面的谓语动词采取倒装形式。2.InanotherexperimentatYaleUniversity,Dr.Jeromefoundthatdaydreamingresultedinimprovedself-controlandenhancedcreativethinkingability.解析：improved,enhanced都是过去分词做定语，修饰后面的名词词组；resultin意思是导致、结果是。3.“youcanrelatethistowakeningpsychology,wherebeingaloneleadstomoreunhappiness.”解析：where翻译成在刚睡醒的状态下，引导定语从句修饰wakeningpsychology.,Unit13,重点单词和短语compelvoluntarycoincidewitheliminatesubtleoutragetightenexcessivecompetitionencounterseriesassemblydisapprovalresponseataguessgoinforexpecttodosofarassb.knowsattitudetowardstakeiteasyonandoffputanendtoexpectsth.ofsb.inreturnhaveanedgeon/oversolongasapplyoneselftoatpresentonoccasionsitdownoninvainwithaviewto,重点、难点句子详解1.becausetheycanputtheiraggressionintotheirwork,beitphysicalliketheworkofasmith,ormentalliketheworkofascientistoranartist.解析：beitor意思就是whetheritisor,就是一个让步状语从句，省略引导词,be提前；参见教材166页，注释3。2.Sincethebossescannotdowithoutprofit,workershaveanedge.解析：dowithout没有也行；haveanedge有优势。3.Mostpeoplenotdirectlyengagedindailyworkexpressdisapprovalwhentheyhearofpeopleworkingonandoff.解析：engagedin是过去分词短语，修饰people.,Unit14,重点单词和短语mitsuicidecutoff,重点、难点句子详解1.ThatswhereherpathcrossedthatofMichaelLaSane,who,policesay,wantedjustsuchacartocelebratehis17thbirthday.解析：where引导的是表语从句，crossonespath意思是与某人相遇；that代指path.2.Hewillnotmakea_onLaSanessideoftheconversation.(03-10)A.statementB.referenceC.commentD.note3.AnditisthisthatinflictsthetrueterriblewoundonSouthAfricansociety.解析：这是一个强调句式，inflictsth.onsb.使某人遭受打击、惩罚。4.Thetensionsarereal,thethreatofaviolenteruptionconstant.解析：thethreatofaviolenteruption后面省略了谓语动词is。,Unit15,重点单词和短语sensiblepersistprofusionlogicevaluateultimateobscureconcreteconquerprolongproofpossessexpansionsecondarypromotiondiplomaawardsociologyestablishmentjournalismdiversityeconomicspulldownmistakeforcometotermswithendinreflectoncomeaboutenabletodorespectformakeoverspeculateononthecontraryasfor/todemandforgotolawagainstgoalongwith,重点、难点句子详解1.Factsareterriblethingsifleftspreadingandunexamined.解析：if从句后面省略了theyare.2.Itcouldobscuremansawarenessoftheneedtocometotermswithhimself.解析：cometotermswith习惯于、满足于3.Anditrequiressomethingfarscarcerthanmoney解析：far修饰比较级，much,alot,alittle,even,still后面都可以修饰比较级。,第三讲题型精析，答题策略,I.VocabularyandStructure,题型概述：10题，10分，考察词汇、语法的灵活使用。考查的知识点：大纲所要求的词汇、语法，重点考查其在实际句子中的灵活应用。出题来源：以课本课文为主，尤其是下半年考题。复习重点：背诵生词词组，复习语法，熟悉课文，同时做课后练习。答题方法：从三个方面考虑答题：语义线、语法线、结构线，三线合一选择出最佳答案。答题时间：15分钟,II.Cloze,题型概述：完形填空是测试语言知识的有效手段，试题为一篇200-250词长度的文章，其中留出10个空格，要求考生从短文后面所附的选择项中选出最佳答案填入空格中，使短文意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。考查的知识点：本题考查的重点为语法,一些常用词和惯用词的搭配使用、固定用法。以及阅读理解能力。出题来源：选自教材以外。复习重点：1）明确考查的目标；2）把握文章大意；3）注意句子的语法结构；4）认真对比备选答案答题方法：1）瞻前顾后，注意文章的连贯,理解透彻掌握大意、观点；2）圈点标注；3）分析句子结构；4）对比答案答题时间：15-20分钟,III.Readingcomprehension,题型概述：英语二的阅读理解部分属于综合能力考查题目，要求考生掌握基本阅读技能，能正确理解语言难度略低于课文内容，生词不超过3%的一般题材的文章，共3篇，15题，30分。考查的知识点：词汇、语法，考查逻辑分析能力、记忆信息的能力，语言的使用能力，洞察力、领悟力。出题来源：体裁以议论、说明为主；题材主要是文化、教育、习俗、历史，甚至家庭的一些东西以及科普知识，绝对不会考一些特别专业的天文地理知识。复习重点：1）读懂长句；2）读懂细节并短时记忆；3）理解把握住作者的观点、文章大意；答题方法：1）圈点到位；2）把握问题题干中的信号词；3）反复对比答案，择优而选答题时间：40-50分钟，也可以稍微多一点,IV.Wordspelling,题型概述：本题型是直接考查考生对大纲所要求的生词的掌握情况，要求根据汉语意思和词性以及首字母提示和规定的字母数量来写出所需要的单词。20小题，每题0.5分。考查的知识点：大纲以及课文所要求的生词。出题来源：大纲中，以及课文中出现的单词，有时也包括上册书中的。复习重点：背诵单词。答题方法：看汉语意思及词性，然后试填，遗留下来的最后再填，最后检查一遍。答题时间：10分钟,V.Wordform,题型概述：本题型10题10分，这个题型考查考生的综合语言应用能力。效度很高。考查的知识点：尤其是考察动词时态、语态，非谓语动词，虚拟语气，形容词副词比较级，单词各种变形。出题来源：少量来自课本课后习题。复习重点：重点语法的复习，平时多练习。答题方法：你要先判断是考动词、形容词、虚拟语气还是词形变化。然后做出相应形式变化。答题时间：10-15分钟,VI.TranslationfromChineseintoEnglish/fromEnglishintoChinese,题型概述：本题型是直接考查考生的英汉互译能力。汉译英是5个句子，每题3分，共15分。英译汉是一篇150字左右的英文文章翻译成汉语，15分。考查的知识点：词汇、语法，翻译能力。出题来源：汉译英出自教材，5个句子基本出自