附录2 能量平衡计算书

700万立方米/年含硫废气处理联产硫磺及甲醇项目 能量平衡计算书能量平衡计算书 中南大学PIE团队 1目 录1.1 总述11.2 热量衡算的原理和准则11.3 热量衡算任务11.4 热量衡算21.4.1 Claus硫磺回收工段能量衡算21.4.2 SCOT尾气处理工段能量衡算121.4.3 碳捕集工段能量衡算251.5 总结301.1 总述700万立方米/年含硫废气处理副产3万吨硫磺项目，在全工艺段中伴随着物料从一个体系或单元进入另一个体系或单元，在发生质量传递的同时也伴随着能量的消耗、释放和转化。其中的能量变换数量关系可以从能量衡算求得，对于新设计的车间，可以由此确定设备的热负荷。再根据设备的热负荷大小、所处理物料的性质及工艺要求选择恰当的设备。总之，通过下述能量衡算，可以为后续设计工作中提高热量的利用率，降低能耗提供主要依据。1.2 热量衡算的原理和准则工程依据化工设计中关于热量衡算的基本思想和要求，遵循基本规范与实际工艺相结合的原则，进行热量衡算书的编制。其中一个主要依据是能量平衡方程：Qin=Qout+Ql其中，Qin 表示输入设备热量的总和；Qout表示输出设备热量的总和；Ql 表示损失热量的总和。对于连续系统：Q+W=Hout-Hin其中，Q 设备的热负荷。W 输入系统的机械能。Hout离开设备的各物料焓之和。Hin进入设备的各物料焓之和。在进行全厂热量衡算时，是以单元设备为基本单位，考虑由机械能转换、化学反应释放和单纯的物理变化带来的热量变化。最终对全工艺段进行系统级的热量平衡计算，进而用于指导节能降耗设计工作。1.3 热量衡算任务在进行硫磺回收资源化装置的热量衡算中，主要通过定量计算完成下述基本任务：确定工艺单元中物料输送机械（如泵）所需要的功率，以便于进行设备的设计和选型；确定精馏等单元操作中所需要的热量或冷量以及传递速率，计算换热设备的尺寸，确定加热剂和冷却剂的消耗量，为后续设计中比如供汽、供冷、供水等专业提供设备条件；确定为保持一定反应温度所需移除或者加入的热传递速率，指导反应器的设计和选型；提高热量内部集成度，充分利用余热，提高能量利用率，降低能耗；最终计算出总需求能量和能量的费用，并由此确定工艺过程在经济上的可行性。1.4 热量衡算1.4.1 Claus硫磺回收工段能量衡算1.4.1.1 反应器（R-0101R-0104）表1-1 燃烧炉（R-0101）物流焓变计算表INOUTUnitsS0102S0103S0104PhaseVaporVaporVaporTemperatureC38.99364701115.319Pressurebar666Molar Vapor Fraction111Mass Flowskg/hr7816.4187998.6715815.09Volume Flowcum/hr849.43711291.6249126.494Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-44.70530.276961-19.0133Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-1161.499.599897-569.198Molar Entropycal/mol-K4.112535-1.5984814.76172Mass Entropycal/gm-K0.106848-0.055410.441919Molar Densitykmol/cum0.2390740.2146490.051877Mass Densitykg/cum9.201886.1927231.732877Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-9.07870.076786-9.00191HinGcal/hr-9.00191HoutGcal/hr-9.00191表1-2 燃烧炉（R-0101）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-9.00191-9.001918.43099E-11表1-3 一级Claus反应器（R-0102）物流焓变计算表INOUTUnitsS0108S0109PhaseVaporVaporTemperatureC250336.2259Pressurebar5.75.7Molar Vapor Fraction11Volume Flowcum/hr3352.7413845.373Mass Flowskg/hr14353.3814353.38Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-31.2104-31.7911Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-961.607-961.607Molar Entropycal/mol-K3.0897253.381664Mass Entropycal/gm-K0.0951960.102287Molar Densitykmol/cum0.1319020.112904Mass Densitykg/cum4.2810893.732637Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-13.8023-13.8023HinGcal/hr-13.8023HoutGcal/hr-13.8023表1-4 一级Claus反应器（R-0102）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-13.8023-13.80232.83E-15表1-5 二级Claus反应器（R-0103）物流焓变计算表INOUTUnitsS0112S0113PhaseVaporVaporTemperatureC230233.0798Pressurebar5.65.6Molar Vapor Fraction11Mass Flowskg/hr12519.0112519.01Volume Flowcum/hr3154.5573172.53Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-33.8524-33.8709Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-1148.85-1148.85Molar Entropycal/mol-K0.543190.549211Mass Entropycal/gm-K0.0184340.018628Molar Densitykmol/cum0.134680.133844Mass Densitykg/cum3.9685463.946064Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-14.3824-14.3824HinGcal/hr-14.3824HoutGcal/hr-14.3824表1-6 二级Claus反应器（R-0103）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-14.3824-14.3824-8.03E-151.4.1.2 换热器（E-0101E-0106）表1-7 废热锅炉（E-0101）物流焓变计算表INOUTUnitsS0104S0301S0105S0302PhaseVaporLiquidVaporVaporTemperatureC1115.319210350450.0349Pressurebar6405.945Molar Vapor Fraction1011Mass Flowskg/hr15815.097298.15515815.097298.155Volume Flowcum/hr9126.4948.5403813934.798513.3606Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-19.0133-64.8972-29.4489-54.4238Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-569.198-3602.34-837.477-3020.98Molar Entropycal/mol-K14.76172-30.13525.504018-10.8984Mass Entropycal/gm-K0.441919-1.672760.156525-0.60495Molar Densitykmol/cum0.05187747.434550.1143020.789132Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-9.00191 -26.2904-13.2448-22.0476HinGcal/hr-35.2923HoutGcal/hr-35.2923表1-8 废热锅炉（E-0101）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-35.2923-35.29234.64E-09表1-9 一级硫冷凝器（E-0102）物流焓变计算表UnitsS0105S0106PhaseVaporMixedTemperatureC350140Pressurebar5.95.8Molar Vapor Fraction10.984671Mass Flowskg/hr15815.0915815.09Volume Flowcum/hr3934.7982583.518Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-29.4489-31.6582Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-837.477-898.833Molar Entropycal/mol-K5.5040181.247226Mass Entropycal/gm-K0.1565250.035411Molar Densitykmol/cum0.1143020.173801Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-13.2448-14.2151HinGcal/hr-14.2151HoutGcal/hr-14.2151表1-10 一级硫冷凝器（E-0102）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error-0.9703574910-14.2151-14.21510.0682623152表1-11 一级加热器（E-0103）物流焓变计算表UnitsS0107S0304S0108S0305PhaseVaporVaporVaporLiquidTemperatureC139.9998450.0349250224.1288Pressurebar5.8455.745Molar Vapor Fraction1110Mass Flowskg/hr14353.38738.626514353.384738.6265Volume Flowcum/hr2580.46551.955833352.74140.882568Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-32.1627-54.4238-31.21043-64.6182Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-990.727-3020.98-961.6073-3586.85Molar Entropycal/mol-K1.029077-10.89843.0897251-29.5713Mass Entropycal/gm-K0.031699-0.604950.0951958-1.64146Molar Densitykmol/cum0.171340.7891320.131902346.45533Mass Densitykg/cum5.56232414.216434.2810889836.9058Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-14.2203-2.23138-13.80232-2.64934HinGcal/hr-16.4517HoutGcal/hr-16.4517表1-12 一级加热器（E-0103）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-16.4517-16.45172.01E-09表1-13 燃烧炉（R-0101）物流焓变计算表UnitsS0111S0307S0112S0308PhaseVaporVaporVaporLiquidTemperatureC120450.0349230226.745Pressurebar5.6455.644.9Molar Vapor Fraction1110Mass Flowskg/hr12519.01684.580612519.01684.5806Volume Flowcum/hr2446.52648.154183154.5570.821432Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-34.7624-54.4238-33.8524-64.566Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-1179.63-3020.98-1148.85-3583.96Molar Entropycal/mol-K-1.48994-10.89840.54319-29.4666Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.05056-0.604950.018434-1.63564Molar Densitykmol/cum0.1736430.7891320.1346846.26068Mass Densitykg/cum5.11705414.216433.968546833.3991Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-14.7678-2.0681-14.3824-2.45351HinGcal/hr-16.8359HoutGcal/hr-16.8359表1-14 二级加热器（E-0105）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-16.8359-16.83592.15E-091.4.1.3 气液分离器（F-0101F-0103）表1-15 气液分离器（F-0101）能量衡算表INOUTUnitsS0106S0107S0115PhaseMixedVaporLiquidTemperatureC140139.9998139.9998Pressurebar5.85.85.8Molar Vapor Fraction0.98467110Mass Flowskg/hr15815.0914353.381461.704Volume Flowcum/hr2583.5182580.4653.050653Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-31.6582-32.16270.749606Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-898.833-990.7273.52995Molar Entropycal/mol-K1.2472261.02907715.25922Mass Entropycal/gm-K0.0354110.0316990.071857Molar Densitykmol/cum0.1738010.171342.256327Mass Densitykg/cum6.1215335.562324479.1445Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-14.2151-14.22030.00516HinGcal/hr-14.2151HoutGcal/hr-14.2151表1-16 气液分离器（F-0101）物流焓变计算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-14.2151-14.21511.01E-07表1-17 气液分离器（F-0101）物流焓变计算表INOUTUnitsS0110S0111S0116PhaseMixedVaporLiquidTemperatureC120120120Pressurebar5.65.65.6Molar Vapor Fraction0.97994510Mass Flowskg/hr14353.3812519.011834.378Volume Flowcum/hr2450.1672446.5263.641208Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-34.0881-34.7624-1.13985Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-1029.56-1179.63-5.40251Molar Entropycal/mol-K-1.22931-1.4899411.50588Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.03713-0.050560.054534Molar Densitykmol/cum0.1769330.1736432.387769Mass Densitykg/cum5.8581245.117054503.783Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-14.7777-14.7678-0.00991HinGcal/hr-14.7777HoutGcal/hr-14.7777表1-18 气液分离器（F-0102）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-14.7777-14.77771.38E-10 中南大学PIE团队 10表1-19 气液分离器（F-0103）物流焓变计算表INOUTUnitsS0114S0117S0122PhaseMixedLiquidVaporTemperatureC110110110Pressurebar5.55.55.5Molar Vapor Fraction0.99838801Mass Flowskg/hr12519.01142.910212376.1Volume Flowcum/hr2421.3440.277222421.067Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-34.9128-2.46745-34.9652Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-1184.06-11.8179-1197.6Molar Entropycal/mol-K-1.770349.6085-1.78871Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.060040.04602-0.06127Molar Densitykmol/cum0.1753492.4690470.175086Mass Densitykg/cum5.170272515.51225.111836Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-14.8233-0.00169-14.8216HinGcal/hr-14.8233HoutGcal/hr-14.8233表1-20 气液分离器（F-0103）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-14.8233-14.8233-9.46E-101.4.1.4 混合器（M-0101M-0102）表1-21 混合器（M-0101）物流焓变计算表UnitsS0101S0236S0102PhaseVaporVaporVaporTemperatureC38.838.0000438.99364Pressurebar616Molar Vapor Fraction111Mass Flowskg/hr7588.473227.93367816.418Volume Flowcum/hr820.44176.0123849.4371Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-45.8857-10.8854-44.7053Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-1186.55-327.095-1161.49Molar Entropycal/mol-K3.9898619.7434614.112535Mass Entropycal/gm-K0.1031730.292780.106848Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-9.00411-0.07456-9.0787HinGcal/hr-9.07866HoutGcal/hr-9.07866表1-22 混合器（M-0101）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-9.07866-9.07873.95E-06表1-23 混合器（M-0102）物流焓变计算表UnitsS0115S0116S0117S0118PhaseLiquidLiquidLiquidMixedTemperatureC139.9998120110128.3471Pressurebar5.85.65.55.5Molar Vapor Fraction0000.006733Molar Enthalpykcal/mol0.749606-1.13985-2.46745-0.3964Mass Enthalpykcal/kg3.52995-5.40251-11.8179-1.87247Molar Entropycal/mol-K15.2592211.505889.608513.06445Mass Entropycal/gm-K0.0718570.0545340.046020.061713Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr0.00516-0.00991-0.00169-0.00644Mass Flowskg/hr1461.7041834.378142.91023438.992Volume Flowcum/hr3.0506533.6412080.277227.613169HinGcal/hr-0.00644HoutGcal/hr-0.00644表1-24 混合器（M-0102）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-0.00644-0.006441.36E-061.4.2 SCOT尾气处理工段能量衡算1.4.2.1 反应器（R-0201R-0202）表1-25 SCOT加氢反应器（R-0201）物流焓变计算表INOUTUnitsS0203S0204PhaseVaporVaporTemperatureC220234.074Pressurebar5.55.5Molar Vapor Fraction11Mass Flowskg/hr12394.2412394.58Volume Flowcum/hr3207.6993295.66Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-33.3307-33.3856Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-1164.13-1164.1Molar Entropycal/mol-K0.4549340.689224Mass Entropycal/gm-K0.0158890.024032Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-14.4285-14.4285HinGcal/hr-14.4285HoutGcal/hr-14.4285表1-26 SCOT加氢反应器（R-0201）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-14.4285-14.42851.23E-16表1-27 尾气燃烧炉（R-0202）物流焓变计算表INOUTUnitsS0233S0234S0235PhaseMixedVaporVaporTemperatureC35.1011925150.7067Pressurebar4.911.01325Molar Vapor Fraction0.99999911Mass Flowskg/hr10235.48571.142510806.62Volume Flowcum/hr1657.49490.517811682.38Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-27.8475-0.00161-26.4254Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-867.462-0.05572-821.619Molar Entropycal/mol-K-1.360591.0423024.066841Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.042380.0361280.126446Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-8.87889-3.18E-05-8.87892HinGcal/hr-8.87892HoutGcal/hr-8.87892表1-28 尾气燃烧炉（R-0201）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-8.87892-8.878922.34E-131.4.2.2 换热器（E-0201E-0207）表1-29 加氢预热器（E-0201）物流焓变计算表UnitsS0202S0309S0203S0310PhaseMixedVaporVaporLiquidTemperatureC108.596450.0349220229.5719Pressurebar5.5455.544.9Molar Vapor Fraction0.999875110Mass Flowskg/hr12394.24702.595912394.24702.5959Volume Flowcum/hr2464.14249.42143207.6990.846949Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-34.2393-54.4238-33.3307-64.5094Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-1195.87-3020.98-1164.13-3580.82Molar Entropycal/mol-K-1.63268-10.89840.454934-29.3537Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.05702-0.604950.015889-1.62938Molar Densitykmol/cum0.1756760.7891320.13495446.04765Mass Densitykg/cum5.02983914.216433.863903829.5613Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-14.8219-2.12253-14.4285-2.51587HinGcal/hr-16.9444HoutGcal/hr-16.9444表1-30 加氢预热器（E-0201）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-16.9444-16.94442.37E-09表1-31 加氢产物冷却器（E-0202）物流焓变计算表UnitsS0204S0205PhaseVaporVaporTemperatureC234.074120Pressurebar5.55.4Molar Vapor Fraction11Mass Flowskg/hr12394.5812394.58Volume Flowcum/hr3295.662595.479Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-33.3856-34.3074Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-1164.1-1196.25Molar Entropycal/mol-K0.689224-1.33824Mass Entropycal/gm-K0.024032-0.04666Molar Densitykmol/cum0.1311360.166512Mass Densitykg/cum3.7608794.77545Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-14.4285-14.827HinGcal/hr-14.827HoutGcal/hr-14.827表1-32 加氢产物冷却器（E-0202）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-14.4285-14.8270.026871表1-33 氨冷器（E-0203）物流焓变计算表UnitsS0208S0209PhaseMixedMixedTemperatureC70.591910Pressurebar2.92.8Molar Vapor Fraction0.0055930.003158Mass Flowskg/hr18537.8818537.88Volume Flowcum/hr74.4888345.1473Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-67.5258-68.6293Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-3720.5-3781.3Molar Entropycal/mol-K-36.1758-39.7072Mass Entropycal/gm-K-1.9932-2.18777Molar Densitykmol/cum13.7119922.62347Mass Densitykg/cum248.8679410.6087Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-68.9702-70.0972HinGcal/hr-70.0972HoutGcal/hr-70.0972表1-34 氨冷器（E-0203）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-68.9702-70.09720.016079表1-35 吸收冷却器（E-0207）物流焓变计算表UnitsS0231S0232PhaseLiquidLiquidTemperatureC52.732524.73Pressurebar11Molar Vapor Fraction00Mass Flowskg/hr5272.845272.84Volume Flowcum/hr5.352185.273579Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-71.1853-71.8032Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-2834.91-2859.52Molar Entropycal/mol-K-49.636-51.7243Mass Entropycal/gm-K-1.97672-2.05989Molar Densitykmol/cum39.2340639.81882Mass Densitykg/cum985.1763999.8599Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-14.948-15.0778HinGcal/hr-15.0778HoutGcal/hr-15.0778表1-36 吸收冷却器（E-0207）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error-0.1297397880-14.948-15.07780.0086051.4.2.3 气液分离器（F-0201F-0202）表1-37 气液分离器（F-0201）物流焓变计算表INOUTUnitsS0215S0217S0219PhaseMixedLiquidVaporTemperatureC404039.999998Pressurebar555Molar Vapor Fraction0.9506401Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-29.5478-68.0485-27.54872Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-941.266-3773.6-858.6128Molar Entropycal/mol-K-2.77606-38.0679-0.94362Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.08843-2.11104-0.02941Molar Densitykmol/cum0.20326354.944320.1932657Mass Densitykg/cum6.380749990.7996.2009585Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-10.1544-1.1543-9.000095HinGcal/hr-10.1544HoutGcal/hr-10.1544表1-38 气液分离器（F-0201）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-10.1544-10.15441.15E-09表1-39 气液分离器（F-0202）物流焓变计算表INOUTUnitsS0224S0225S0236PhaseMixedLiquidVaporTemperatureC3838.0000438.00004Pressurebar111Molar Vapor Fraction0.42807101Mass Flowskg/hr392.9743165.0408227.9336Volume Flowcum/hr176.17850.166303176.0123Molar Enthalpykcal/mol-43.5537-68.0048-10.8854Mass Enthalpykcal/kg-1773.29-3770.6-327.095Molar Entropycal/mol-K-17.6523-38.15719.743461Mass Entropycal/gm-K-0.71871-2.115660.29278Molar Densitykmol/cum0.09081755.02540.038913Mass Densitykg/cum2.230546992.4131.294987Enthalpy FlowGcal/hr-0.69686-0.6223-0.07456HinGcal/hr-0.69686HoutGcal/hr-0.69686表1-40 气液分离器（F-0202）能量衡算表Q( Gcal/hr)W(Gcal/hr)Hin( Gcal/hr)Hout( Gcal/hr)Error00-0.