高中英语句子成分及词性类型ppt课件

.,1,英语句子成分、结构及类型,.,2,词类,名词代词形容词副词动词数词连词介词冠词感叹词,China;pencil;salt;power,they;itself;that;who;any,beautiful;round;exciting,quite;luckily;almost;very,buy;die;have;will;must;be,one;first;ten;tenth,and;but;while;because;after,at;in;with;by;on;for;of,an;a;the,Oh;ouch;aha,.,3,词类,短语,句子成分,主语谓语宾语表语补语定语状语同位语独立成分,修饰成分,句子,按结构,简单句并列句复合句,按功能,陈述句疑问句祈使句感叹句,基本句型,(getup;sothat;lookfor),.,4,词类（10个）,名词：人名Mike地名America动物名pig植物名tree抽象名词idea(主意)knowledge(知识)代词：（人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词）动词：walkthinkamisare形容词：修饰名词高矮胖瘦白富美副词：修饰动词介词:名词的“好哥们”;atbyinon“四大要犯”连词：连接单词短语句子；不单独使用and、but、or、so、if、when数词：基数词，序数词冠词：定冠词the不定冠词aan;不单独使用;与名词搭配感叹词：oh!Ah!well!,.,5,根据对词类概念的理解，指出下面单词的词类：1deep2.finger3.fly4.papers5.pass6refuse7.size8.spoon9.delicious10.thick11.town12.map13.myself14.and15.on16sheep17ship18mine19important20an21catch22first23laugh24third25leave26here27fly28home29round30sing31blind32but33eighth34about35bad36yours37child38against39ah40with41cinema42Tuesday43cheap44advice45two46they47able48for49say50quickly51if52.whether,.,6,根据常见的后缀辨别下列单词的词性。1scientist2singer3conversation4beautiful5loudly6famous7government8dangerous9instruction10careful11lively12safeties13national14traditional15illnesses16wonderful17competitions18station19successful20natural21illnesses22lovely23really24friendly25usually26yearly27advertisement,.,7,句子成分的分析（7个）英语的基本成分有六种：主语（subject）-S谓语（predicate）-V宾语（object）-O表语（predicative）-P定语（attribute）-Attri.状语(adverbial)-Adv.补语（objectcomplement）-oc,.,8,主语谓语宾语,观察下面一个例句，你能找到句中的“主语”、“谓语”、“宾语”吗?因此这是个典型的“主谓宾”句型。,I,beat,you.,主语,谓语,宾语,SVO,IteachyouEnglish.Youarebeaten.,主语是动作的发出者或承受者。,Wearegoodfriends.WhatIwanttodoisjointheparty.Smokingisharmfultoyourhealth.TolearnEnglishisdifficult.,名词、代词从句或非谓语动词,.,9,我们再想一想什么是谓语(Predicate),谓语表示一个动作、行为，是由动词充当的。IteachyouEnglish.一个句子能不能没有谓语？,谓语,不能,宾语(Object)又是什么？,动词宾语：Iloveyou.介词宾语：Iwanttogivethisbooktoyou.Hetoldmethathefeltlonely.Helikesswimming.,宾语一般由名词、代词充当。也可以是一个从句或非谓语动词。,及物动词vt.,介宾,.,10,定语(Attributive):,定语的作用？用于修饰、限定名词或代词。定语一般由？充当。girl定语还可以由名词充当，表用途。apencilbox,形容词,beautiful,a,Practice:aninterestingbookThosewhowanttolearnEnglishwellshouldstudyharderthanothers.ameetingtoattendThemanoverthereThebooksontheshelf,从句,非谓语动词,副词（词组),介词（词组）,.,11,状语(Adverbial),状语是用于修饰副词、形容词、动词或句子的成分。状语一般由副词充当。Thoseproblemsareprettyhard.,Theymanagedtofinishthejob,beforeMonday.Theoldmansatonthebench,enjoyingthesunset.Ashewasleavingtheoffice,itstartedtorain.,介词词组,（现在分词词组）,（时间状语从句）,.,12,补语(Complement),Hemadehissistercry.Hissisterwasmadetocry.补语是用于补充说明主语或宾语的身份或特征。补语一般由名词或形容词充当。Dontleavemealone.(OC),主语补语,宾语补足语,Practice:EveryonecallshimJack.HeiscalledJack.Shelaidthebabyonthebed.(prep.)Isawhimrushingintotheclassroom.,.,13,表语(Complement),Timeisup.(adv.)Theyareintheclassroom.(prep.)Theplaceiswherewefirstmeteachother.,1）持续系动词：keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand2）表像系动词：用来表示“看起来像”seem,appear,look3）感官系动词：feel,smell,sound,taste4）变化系动词：become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run5）终止系动词：证实，变成prove,turnoutTherumorprovedfalse.Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.,.,14,同位语(Appositive),同位语是位于名词或代词后面，重复指代同一事物。同位语一般由名词或名词词组充当TheGreatWall,oneofthewondersintheworld,attractsalargenumberofforeignfriends.名词性从句也可以充当同位语（修饰抽象名词为多）Thenewsthathewentabroadsurprisedme.,.,15,插入语的还可以是不定式、现在分词、介词短语、形容词、副词或从句。,1.Tobefrank,Idontagreewithyou.2.Strictlyspeaking,youarewrong.3.This,inmyopinion,isonlyasimplequestion.4.Bytheway,whereisXiaoLi.5.Sureenough,enemyplanescameagainthenextday.6.Honestly,Idontneeditatthemoment.7.Youarenotquitefitforthiskindofwork,ifImaysayso.,.,16,英语句子的基本结构（5个）,1.S+V(主+谓)2.S+V+P（主+系+表）3.S+V+O（主+谓+宾）4.S+V+o+O（主+谓+间宾+直宾）5.S+V+O+OC（主+谓+宾+宾补）,.,17,判断下列各句句子的基本句型,MrBlackisEnglish.Theteachertaughtussomegrammarrules.Thefarmerdugupthesoil.Shefoundherringlost.Sheleftherjobunfinished.,SVIODO,SVO,SVOC,SVOC,SVP,Thegreatpoetlivedinthe18thcentury.Sheintroducedherfriendstous.Thetape-recorderisonthedesk.Theguestshavejustarrived.Shelaidthebabyonthebed.,.,18,练习,（一）.指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.,主,定语,宾语,谓语,状语,定语,状语,.,19,6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.8.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.9.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.10.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.11.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.12.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.,定语,表语,宾语,主语,谓语,目的状语,宾语,形式宾语,真正宾语,表语,宾语,.,20,(二)。划分句子成分1.weareworking.2.Icanswimverywell.3.Thewaiterbroughtabottleofbeertome.4.Whydoesthewindblow？5.Therainhasbeenpullingdownforawholeday.6.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.7.Jimaskedyoutogivehisbestwishestoeveryone.8.Youmustgetthecarreadybytomorrow.,.,21,9.Ihavealotofclothestowash.Ihavealotofclothestobewashed.10.Hegavehissonsomeadviceonreading.11.Readmethefirstparagraph.12.Iveorderedsomesoupforyou.13.HebeganleaningEnglishtenyearsago.14.Mybeinglateworriedmyteacher.15.Thatpresidenthimselfwouldvisitourschoolexcitedallofus.16.AprilDayisthespecialdayoftheyearwhenyouplayajokeonsomeone.,.,22,17.Heusuallytakesanapafterlunch,asishishabit.18.Ifoundthebookinthecorneroftheroom.19.hefinishedlunchandwentintothegarden.20.Thetelephonerang.21.Westudyhard.22.Hisfathermighthavedied.23.Willyouleavethedooropenwhengoingout.24.Canyoumakethedogstandstill?,.,23,25.Thelandlordhadthemworkingdayandnight.26.Ithinkasoundknowledgeofgrammarisimportanttogoodwriting.27.Weallbreathe,eat,drink.28.Iwokeupat6:00inthemorning.29.Thebookweighsfivekilos.30.TheywillbeflyingtoLondon.31.Theshopassistantfoundsomecertainmaterialsforme.32.HepromisedmeanewEnglish-Chinesedictionary.,.,24,33.Pleasepassanewly-publishedtome.34.HelivedinGuangZhou.35.Thefatherisshowingtheboyhowtoplanttrees.36.Hisunclelefthimsomemoney.37.SheisteachingthepianotoseveralofthevillagechildrenandshehastaughtusEnglishfor3years.38.Ilikepopularmusic.39.Sheknowswhattodonext.40.Itexcitedallofusthatthepresidentwouldvisitourschool.,.,25,Bye-bye!,.,26,三种句子,简单句,并列句,复合句,.,27,简单句的基本词序,主语动词部分宾语状语（谓语）方式地点时间Iboughtahatyesterday.Thechildrenranhome.Thetaxidriver