20世纪英国文学（课堂PPT）

,1,1.HistoricalBackground,WW(WordWarOne一战)Economicdepressionandworkersmovement.(经济萧条和工人运动)Irishnationalistmovement（民族解放运动）WW（二战）,2,2.CulturalBackground,NewTheoriesandIdeas(新的思想和理论)DarwinsEvolutionaryTheory(达尔文的进化论)EinsteinsTheoryofRelativity(爱因斯坦的相对论)FreudsAnalyticalPsychology(弗洛伊德的分析心理学)KarlMarksandFriedrichEngelsTheoryofScientificSocialism(马克思和恩格斯的科学社会主义理论)ArthurSchopenhauersPessimism(亚瑟叔本华的悲观主义)FriedrichNietzschesDoctrinesofPowerandSuperman(尼采的基督教精神及强权主义)HenryBergsonsIrrationalPhilosophy(伯格森的非理性主义哲学),3,Realisminthe20thCenturyEnglishLiterature(20世纪英国现实主义文学),二十世纪英国现实主义文学改变了维多利亚时期那种高雅温和的倾向，加强了对英国社会的保守性和虚伪性的批判，具有一种冷峻的直面人生的特点。,4,Modernism(现代主义),AreactionagainstrealismModernismtakestheirrationalphilosophyandpsycho-analysisasitstheoreticalbase.Themajorthemesofthemodernistlitrraturearethedistorted,alienatedandillrelationshipsbetweenmanandnature,manandsociety,manandman,manandhimselfThemodernistwritersconcentratemoreontheprivatethanonthepublic,moreonthesubjectivethanontheobjective.,5,Someterms,Symbolism象征主义Expressionism表现主义Surrealism超现实主义Futurism未来主义Dadaism达达主义Imagism意象主义Streamofconsciousness意识流Existentialism存在文学Theatreofabsurd荒诞派戏剧Blackhumor黑色幽默,6,EnglishNovelofEarly20thCentury,TheRealists:TheEnglishrealistsattheendofthe19thandthebeginningofthe20thcontinuedanddevelopedthetraditionsofthebrilliantschoolofcriticalrealism.Theysoughtfornewwaysandmeansofrevealingthetruthoflife.Intheirworkscriticismofthebourgeoisworldreachesconsiderabledepthandpoigancy.ThenotablenamesamongthemincludeButler,Meredithandwells.,7,RudyardKipling(鲁德亚德吉卜林)1865-1936,majorworks:DepartmentalDittiesandOtherVerses分类的歌曲SevenSeas七海TheFiveNations五国TheJungleBook森林之书JustSoStories如此故事PlainTalesfromtheHills山中的故事Soldiersthree三个士兵LifesHandicaps生命的阻力ManyInvebtions许多发明TheLightThatFailed消失的光芒CaptainCourageous勇敢的船长Kim吉姆,8,ArnoldBennett(阿诺德本涅特)1867-1931,Majorworks:AnnaoftheFiveTown五镇的安娜Clayhanger克莱汉格HildaLessways希尔达莱斯韦斯TheseTwain老两口TheOldWivesTale老妇谭,9,JosephConrad(约瑟夫康拉德)1857-1924,Seanovels:TheNiggeroftheNarcissus白水仙号上的黑家伙TyphoonandOtherStories台风集YouthandTwoOtherStories青春集JungleNovels:LordJim吉姆爷HeartofDarkness黑暗的心灵PoliticalNovels:Nostromo诺斯特罗莫TheSecretAgent特务UnderWesternEyes在西方的注视下,10,HenryJames亨利詹姆斯1843-1916,美国人TheAmerican(1877）欧洲人TheEuropeans(1878)金碗TheGoldenBowl(1904）鸽翼TheWingsoftheDove(1902)悲惨的缪斯TheTragicMuse(1890)华盛顿广场WashingtonSquare(1880)黛西米勒DaisyMiller(1878)(中篇小说)使节(或译:奉使记)TheAmbassadors(1903)一位女士的画像ThePortraitofaLady(1881)丛林猛兽TheBeastintheJungle(1903)(中篇小说),11,KatharineMansfield凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德1888-1923,MajorWorks:Prelude前奏BlissandOtherStories幸福集TheGardenPartyandOtherStories园会集TheDovesNestandOtherStories鸽巢集SomethingChildishandOtherStories幼稚集TheDaughtersoftheLateColonel已故中校的女儿,12,ThomasHardy托马斯哈代1840-1928,thelastandoneofthegreatestVictoriannovelistsandpoetsoneoftherepresentativesofEnglishcriticalrealismandtheturnofthe19thcentury,13,HisMajorworks,1)RomancesandFantasiesApairofBlueEyes一双蓝蓝的眼睛TheTrumpetMajor号兵长2）NovelsofIngenuityDesperateRemedies非常手段3）NovelsofcharacterandenvironmentFarFromtheMaddingCrowd远离尘嚣TheReturnoftheNative还乡TessoftheDUrbervills德伯家的苔丝JudetheObscure无名的裘德PoemsWessexPoems韦塞克斯诗集EpicDramaTheDynasts统治者三部曲,14,JohnGalsworthy约翰高尔斯华绥1867-1933,EnglishnovelistandplaywrightGalsworthybecameknownforhisportrayaloftheBritishuppermiddlecclassandforhissocialsatire.1932winNobelLaureateinLiteratureforhisdistinguishedartofnarrationwhichtakesitshighestforminTheForsyteSaga.,15,HisM