新视野教程第二册Unit 2-Section B

SectionBHeavyBody,NotHeavyHeart,CONTENTS,Previewthefollowingquestionsbeforereadingthetext.,Whatdoyouthinkofpeoplewhoareoverweight?Ifyouwereoverweight,howwouldyouliveyourlife?Areyouinaweight-obsessedculture?Whyorwhynot?Whatdopeoplearoundyouthinkofbeingoverweight?,QuestionsPreview,InpicturesfromcollegeIwasthin.Iworkedfulltime,wenttoschoolfulltime,smoked,andlivedofffastfoodandsoftdrinks.FriendssaythatIdontlooklikemyselfinthosepictures.Ilookedill,sad,andunhealthy.,Para.1,HeavyBody,NotHeavyHeart,TextB,Chinese,Now,ataweightconsideredtobedangerouslyhighbymedicalcharts,Ilivebetterthanever.Ihavegivenupsmoking,andIeatalotofvegetables;Ienjoywalking,swimminganddancingclasses.IexerciseandeatwellbecauseIloveliving,notbecauseIwanttoloseweight.MydoctortellsmeIamhealthy,andthisismuchmoreimportantthanbeingthin.Studiesshowthatoverweightpeoplewhoexercisehavealowerdeathratethan“normal”weightpeoplewhodonot.,Para.2,TextB,Chinese,Negativeattitudestowardfatpeoplebegininchildhood.Onestudyshowedthat,asearlyasnurseryschool,childrenlikedpicturesofdisabledchildrenofsimilaragesbetterthanthoseoffatchildren.Similarly,astudyofcollegestudentssaidtheywouldrathermarryadruguser,athief,orablindpersonthansomeonewhowasfat.Theseattitudescreatediscriminationthataffectsfatpeopleineveryaspectoftheirlives,includingmoneymatters.Infact,overweight,whitewomenusuallyearnlessthanthin,whitewomen24percentless,accordingtoonestudy.,Para.3,TextB,Chinese,Peopleoftenjustifytheirjudgmentsaboutfatpeoplebysayingthatpeoplechoosetobefat.Choose?Whowouldchooselifeasafatpersoninthisweight-obsessedculture?Therearemanyfalseideasaboutfatpeopleinsociety:thatallfatpeoplehaveeatingdisordersoremotionalormentalissues;thatiftheyreallywantedtoloseweighttheycould.,Para.4,TextB,Chinese,Inreality,however,somepeoplearenaturallyfat.Howapersonisbornissimplyscience,notacommentonsomeonescharacter.TheCenterforDiseaseControlreportsthat78percentofAmericanwomenaretryinghardtoloseweight,andatanamazingfailurerate95percentgetbackwhattheyvelostwithintwotofiveyears.Theoften-heardcommentof“youhavesuchaprettyface”doesnotpleasemebecauseofallthatsnotsaid:“Ifyoudjustlosetheweightyoudbebeautiful.”Beautyisataughtconceptandtheculturalstandardsforbeautychangeconstantly.,Para.5Ismokedandhadfastfoodandsoftdrinksalmostallthetime.,Iworkedfulltime,wenttoschoolfulltime,smoked,andlivedofffastfoodandsoftdrinks.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:NowImconsideredtobesofatthatImaybeindangerofhavinghealthproblemsaccordingtostandardsforgoodhealth.However,nowmylifeisbetterthananyothertimeinthepast.,Now,ataweightconsideredtobedangerouslyhighbymedicalcharts,Ilivebetterthanever.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:.Igetpleasurefromwalking,swimminganddancingclasses.,.Ienjoywalking,swimminganddancingclasses.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:MydoctortellsmethatIamquitehealthy,andahealthybodyhasagreatervaluethanathinbody.,MydoctortellsmeIamhealthy,andthisismuchmoreimportantthanbeingthin.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Studiesshowthereareasmallerpercentageofdeathsforfatpeoplewhoexercisethanforpeoplewhoareofstandardweightbutdonotexercise.,Studiesshowthatoverweightpeoplewhoexercisehavealowerdeathratethan“normal”weightpeoplewhodonot.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Whenoneisachild,he/shebeginstodislikefatpeopleandthinkthattheyarenotgoodinsomeway.,Negativeattitudestowardfatpeoplebegininchildhood.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Onestudyshowedthatevenveryyoungchildrenpreferpicturesofdisabledchildrenoftheirownagetothosepicturesoffatchildren.,Onestudyshowedthat,asearlyasnurseryschool,childrenlikedpicturesofdisabledchildrenofsimilaragesbetterthanthoseoffatchildren.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Inthesameway,astudyofcollegestudentsfoundthattheymightmarryadruguser,athief,orapersonwhowasunabletosee,iftheyhadto,ratherthanmarryafatperson.,Similarly,astudyofcollegestudentssaidtheywouldrathermarryadruguser,athief,orablindpersonthansomeonewhowasfat.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Theseattitudesleadtounfairtreatmentthatinfluencesfatpeopleslivesineveryway,includingthingsrelatedtomoney.,Theseattitudescreatediscriminationthataffectsfatpeopleineveryaspectoftheirlives,includingmoneymatters.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Peopleoftensaytheyhavegoodreasonstohavenegativeattitudestowardfatpeople,thatis,fatpeopledecidetobefatthemselves.,Peopleoftenjustifytheirjudgmentsaboutfatpeoplebysayingthatpeoplechoosetobefat.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Howcoulditbethatpeoplechoosetobefat?,Choose?,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Noonewoulddecidetoliveasafatpersoninaculturewherepeoplepaysomuchattentiontoweight.,Whowouldchooselifeasafatpersoninthisweight-obsessedculture?,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Peoplehavemanyincorrectideasaboutfatpeopleinsociety.Theybelievethatallfatpeoplehavebadeatinghabitsorsufferfromemotionalormentalproblemsandthattheydontreallywanttoloseweight.,Therearemanyfalseideasaboutfatpeopleinsociety:thatallfatpeoplehaveeatingdisordersoremotionalormentalissues;thatiftheyreallywantedtoloseweighttheycould.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Butinfact,somepeoplewereborntobefat.,Inreality,however,somepeoplearenaturallyfat.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Howapersonisborntolooklikeissimplyamatterofscienceandcantbeabasisforjudgingonesqualities.,Howapersonisbornissimplyscience,notacommentonsomeonescharacter.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:TheCenterforDiseaseControlreportsthat78percentofAmericanwomenaremakinggreateffortstoloseweight,butanamazinglygreatnumberofthemareunsuccessful95percenthavethesameweightastheydidtwotofiveyearsago,whentheystartedtryingtoloseweight.,TheCenterforDiseaseControlreportsthat78percentofAmericanwomenaretryinghardtoloseweight,andatanamazingfailurerate95percentgetbackwhattheyvelostwithintwotofiveyears.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Ifyouwerenotsofatyouwouldbebeautiful.,Ifyoudjustlosetheweightyoudbebeautiful.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Onesideaaboutwhatisbeautifulissomethingonelearns,ratherthansomethingheorsheisbornwith.Besides,peoplealwayschangetheirculturalideasaboutwhatisbeautiful.,Beautyisataughtconceptandtheculturalstandardsforbeautychangeconstantly.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:WhenIwasvisitingtheBritishVirginIslands,amanwholivesthereaskedmetotakeapicturewithhimbythesea.,WhileIwasvisitingtheBritishVirginIslands,alocalmaninvitedmetobeinapicturewithhimonthebeach.,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:Iasked,“Whydidyouchoosemetobeinapicturewithyou?Therearewomenwhohaveverybeautifulbodyshapes.”,Iasked,“Whyme?Therearewomenwholooklikemodelshere.”,MeaningoftheSentences,Meaning:“Dogslikeeatingbones,”hesaidwithasmile.“Menlikeeatingmeat.”,“Bonesarefordogs,”hesaidwithasmile.“Meatisformen.”,MeaningoftheSentences,NewWords,Wordsdonotdependonothersopinionsorjudgments.,NewWords,NewWords,falseadj.【1】nottrueorcorrect不正确的；错误的e.g.Manypeoplehavebeencheatedbymeanpeoplewithfalsenamecards.许多人都有过被坏人利用假名片欺骗的遭遇。【2】notreal不真实的；假的e.g.Herteetharefalse,buttheylookverynatural.她的牙齿是假的，但看上去像真的一样。,NewWords,Exercises,NewWords,Exercises,false,2.宁愿有公开的敌人，也不愿有虚情假意的朋友。,Betteranopenenemythanafalsefriend.,1.许多人都有过被坏人利用假名片欺骗的遭遇。,Manypeoplehavebeencheatedbymeanpeoplewithfalsenamecards.,NewWords,NewWords,disordern.【1】(a)failureofpartofthebody(ormind)toworkproperly（身体、精神的）失调；紊乱；小病；不适e.g.Eatingthewrongfoodscancauseastomachdisorder.饮食不当会引发胃病。【2】lackoforder;confusion混乱；无秩序；杂乱；凌乱e.g.Theofficewasinastateofdisordershecouldntfindathingshelookedfor.办公室凌乱不堪，她找不到要找的东西。,NewWords,Exercises,NewWords,Exercises,disorder,2.你如果能保持良好的饮食习惯，就能拥有健康的身体。,Youcankeepyourselfhealthyifyouarefreefromeatingdisorders.,1.压力太大可能会诱发精神病。,Toomuchpressuremaycausementaldisorder.,NewWords,NewWords,naturallyn.【1】bynature;asanaturalquality生来；天然地e.g.Herdaughterisnaturallyabeauty.她女儿天生是个美人。【2】lackoforder;confusion混乱；无秩序；杂乱；凌乱e.g.Afterthelecture,thestudentswillnaturallyaskyouquestions.演讲完后，学生们自然会问你一些问题。,NewWords,Exercises,NewWords,Exercises,naturally,2.那位老人75岁时寿终正寝。,Theoldmandiednaturallyat75.,1.这个小女孩生来就害羞。,Thelittlegirlwasnaturallyshy.,NewWords,NewWords,commentn.(a)writtenorspokenopinion,explanation,orjudgmentmadeaboutanevent,person,situation,etc.评论；评语；评注e.g.Whatareyourcommentsonoldpeoplelivingalone?你对老人们单独生活如何看待？v.makeacomment;giveanopinion评论；发表意见e.g.Thebosscommentedthatourplanwastooexpensive.老板发表意见说，我们的计划费用太高。,Exercises,NewWords,NewWords,Exercises,comment,2.有些学生对老师的衣着打扮做了一番评论。,Someofthestudentscommentedabouttheirteachersclothes.,1.请就我们正在讨论的主题提出问题并发表意见。,Pleaselimityourquestionsandcommentstothetopicwearediscussing.,NewWords,NewWords,controln.thepowertocommand,influence,ordirect控制；管理；抑制e.g.Somecollegestudentshavenocontrolofthemselves.一些大学生不能自制。v.haveadirectinfluenceover;fixorlimittheamount,degree,orrateof;havepowerover;rule控制；管理；管辖e.g.Thebraincontrolstherestofthebody.大脑控制着身体的其他部位。,Exercises,NewWords,NewWords,Exercises,2.这家公司掌握着该行业77%的业务。,Thiscompanycontrols77%percentofthetrade.,1.政府严格控制价格。,Thegovernmenthasstrictcontrolonprices.,NewWords,control,3.女孩再也无法控制自己的感情，哭了起来。,Thegirlcouldntcontrolherselfanylongerandstartedtocry.,NewWords,failuren.【1】lackofsuccess;actoffailing失败；不成功e.g.Sometimesfailureisaturningpointinoneslife.失败有时会成为人生的转折点。【2】aperson,attempt,orthingthatfails失败的人（事或企图等）e.g.Severalfailuresdontmeantheworldiscomingtoanend.几次失败并不代表世界末日来临了。,NewWords,Exercises,NewWords,Exercises,failure,2.在众多失败者中，他觉得自己是成功人士。,Hefelthimselftobeasuccessfulmanamongalotoffailures.,1.考试不及格只能怪你自己。,Youvegotonlyyourselftothankforthefailureinthetest.,NewWords,NewWords,beautyn.【1】thequalitiesinsomeoneorsomethingthatgivepleasuretothesensesorliftupthemindorspirit美；美丽；漂亮e.g.Whichdoyouthinkismoreimportant,thebeautyoffaceorthequalitiesofcharacter?你认为哪个更重要，是漂亮的脸蛋还是性格品质？【2】someone(usuallyfemale)orsomethingbeautiful美人；美好的事物e.g.Shewillgrowuptobeabeauty.她长大后肯定会漂亮。,NewWords,Exercises,NewWords,Exercises,beauty,2.我们游玩过的那个公园真是漂亮极了。,Theparkwevisitedwasabeauty.,1.大海的美丽使我们兴奋不已。,Thebeautyoftheseaexcitedus.,NewWords,NewWords,modeln.【1】apersonemployedtomodelclothes;apersonemployedtobepaintedbyapainterorphotographedbyaphotographer（服装）模特；（绘画或摄影）模特e.g.Thecompanyhassignedthreetopmodelsforthefashionshow.公司已签约三位顶级模特出场进行时装表演。【2】apersonorthingthatisaperfectexampletobefollowedorcopied模范；典范；好榜样e.g.Parentsshouldactasmodelstotheirchildren.父母应该给孩子树立好榜样。,NewWords,Exercises,NewWords,Exercises,model,2.用行动给你弟弟做个好榜样。,Makewhatyoudoamodelofyourbrothers.,1.因为画家太穷，没钱请模特，他只好画自己的妻子、女儿，有时甚至借助镜子画他自己。,Sincethepainterwastoopoortohiremodels,hepaintedhiswife,hisdaughter,and,withthehelpofamirror,himself.,NewWords,NewWords,Exercises,liveoff靠过活,父母去世后，他由叔叔供养。,e.g.Thepeopleonthisislandliveoffseafood.小岛上的居民吃的主要是海产品。,Expressions,Helivedoffhisuncleafterhisparentsdied.,Expressions,Exercises,enjoydoing享受的乐趣；喜欢做,我的美国朋友喜欢烧中国菜。,e.g.Mostofmyclassmatesenjoygoingtothecinema.我的大部分同学喜欢看电影。,Expressions,MyAmericanfriendenjoyscookingChinesefood.,Expressions,Exercises,asearlyas早在的时候,英国政府早在1948年就将铁路收归国有。,e.g.ResearchershavefoundthatAIDScasesinhumanscouldgobackasearlyas1959.研究人员发现，人类最早的艾滋病病例可追溯到1959年。,Expressions,TheBritishgovernmentnationalizedtherailwaysasearlyas1948.,Expressions,Exercises,wouldrather.than.宁愿而不愿,孩子们通常宁愿打扫院子也不愿做作业。,e.g.Iwouldratherstayathomealonethangotothepartytonight.今晚我宁愿呆在家里也不去参加晚会。,Expressions,Moreoftenthannot,thechildrenwouldrathercleantheyardthandotheirhomework.,Expressions,Exercises,inreality实际上；事实上,孩子们喜欢那个陌生人，可实际上他是个罪犯。,e.g.Wedreamoffreedominreality,aswellasinname.我们梦想拥有名副其实的自由。,Expressions,Thekidslikedthestranger,butinreality,hewasacriminal.,Expressions,Exercises,tryhardtodo(something)努力争取去做,我非常努力，想在工作中取得成功。,e.g.Theyaretryinghardtoholdtheirjobs.他们正努力坚持工作。,Expressions,Itriedveryhardtobesuccessfulinmywork.,Expressions,Exercises,atarate以的速度,世界人口正以危险的速度增长。,e.g.Myfellowworkersworkataveryfastrate.我的同事们工作效率非常高。,Expressions,Thepopulationoftheworldisgrowingatadangerousrate.,Expressions,Exercises,1.Manypeopletakepartinexercisestolose_andchangetheirbodyshapes.2.Theyoungmanwhohadjustcometoworkintheofficewas_asoneofthefewbestemployeesinthecompany.3.Shelooksill,asshehasbeenexperiencingasleeping_forsometime.4.Inmyownlife,Ihavedevelopedsomeofbothmymotherandfathers_.,weightcharacterblindjustifyfalsedisorderratecontrolconceptmodel,weight,rated,disorder,character,Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow,changingtheformifnecessary.Fillineachblankwithonewordonly.,PartIUsingtheRightWord,5.Dogownershavebeenrequiredtokeeptheiranimalsunder_.6.Iunderstandsomeofthesubjectskey_,butImnotsureaboutitsdetails.7.Theresultsofthestudyhavecertainly_themoneythathasbeenspentontheproject.8.Whatisknownas“goodreason”istheabilitytojudgerightly,separatingthetruefromthe_.,control,concepts,justified,false,PartIUsingtheRightWord,weightcharacterblindjustifyfalsedisorderratecontrolconceptmodel,1.Shewalksherdogeveryday_t