中考英语语法-被动语态专题复习PPT课件

.,1,写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词dogoseegivechoosedraweattakespeakwriteshow,did,done,went,gone,saw,seen,gavegiven,chosechosen,drewdrawn,ateeaten,tooktaken,spokespoken,wrotewritten,showedshown,.,2,被动语态,中考英语专项复习,.,3,复习目标,1.掌握如何将主动语态变成被动语态2.掌握被动语态各个时态的用法,.,4,什么时候要用被动语态呢？,在下列三种情况之一要用被动语态：不知道动作的执行者是谁，用被动语态。没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，用被动语态。需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态,.,5,主动语态和被动语态结构的转换：,Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.主动语态,Ourclassroom,iscleaned,主语,谓语,宾语,byus,everyday.,结构：主动语态：主语谓语宾语,被动语态：,主语,be+过去分词,by+宾语,即:“主变宾，宾变主，谓语动词变被动。”(注:主变宾即主语变为介词by宾语),被动语态,主语,谓语,宾语,.,6,【考点一】各种时态的被动语态结构:,.,7,1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.,Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.1.一般现在时的被动语态：,变为被动语态一,S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词,.,8,步骤一：Exercises（针对练习，变被动语态）TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.,FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.,ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.,Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.,ThesemachinesaremadebyusinBeijing.,.,9,Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday.,主,谓(动介),宾语,Thelittlebaby,waslookedafter,by,him,yesterday.,变为被动语态二,主动语态：,被动语态：,2.一般过去式的被动语态：,S+was/were+过去分词,.,10,步骤二：Exercises（针对练习，变被动语态）1）Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.2)Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.3)Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.4)Theyusedthisroomforresting.,Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.,Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.,Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.,Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.,注：动词短语作谓语，变被动语态时，不能省掉短语中的介词或副词,.,11,Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.,主,谓,宾(承受者),Theroom,willbecleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,变为被动语态三,3.一般将来时被动语态：,S+will+be+过去分词S+begoingto+be+过去分词,.,12,Wewillholdasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterisgoingtogiveatalkthisafternoon.,Asportsmeetingwillbeheldbyusnextweek.,Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschooltomorrow.,Atalkisgoingtobegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.,步骤三：Exercises（针对练习，变被动语态）,.,13,Wehavemadetwentymorekeys,Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.,变为被动语态四,11.现在完成时的被动语态：S+have/has+been+过去分词,.,14,1.Theboyhasreturnedthebookintime,步骤三：Exercises（针对练习，变被动语态）,2.Workershavebuiltthehousesincetwoyearsago,3.Wehavereceivedmanyletterssincelastweek.,Thebookhasbeenreturnedbytheboyintime.,Thehousehasbeenbuiltbyworkerssincetwoyearsago,Manylettershavebeenreceivedbyussincelastweek.,.,15,TonycantakegoodcareofDaming,DamingcanbetakengoodcareofbyTony.,9.情态动词的被动语态：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,变为被动语态五,.,16,1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.,Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.,ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.,Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.,Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.,步骤三：Exercises（针对练习，变被动语态）,.,17,一般现在时:一般过去时:一般将来时:现在完成时:含有情态动词:,下列时态的被动语态结构:,S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词,S+was/were+过去分词,S+will+be+过去分词S+begoingto+be+过去分词,S+have/has+been+过去分词,S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,.,18,1.Theoldmanisill.Hemust_tothehospital.Call120atonce.(send)2.Thebook_byLuXunin1920.(write)3.Allthemachines_outyesterday.(sell)4.Thehospital_nextyear.(build)5.Thiskindofbookcant_outofthelibrary.(take)6.He_toplaycomputergameslastnight.(allow)7.Theboy_often_nottogotothenetbar.(tell)8.He_tothepartylastSunday,buthedidntgothere.(ask),besent,waswritten,weresold,willbebuilt,betaken,wasallowed,istold,wasasked,你会填空吗？,.,19,中考挑战,.,20,历届中考试题小试身手,1Whatanicegarden!-It_everyday.AiscleaningBhascleanedCmustcleanDiscleaned2Thecomputers_tothevillageschoolaspresentslastmonth.AaregivenBgivenCweregivenDgave3ItisreportedthattheUndergroundLineNo.3_inNanjingin2016.AwillbuildBhasbuiltCwillbebuiltDhasbeenbuilt,.,21,4.Theletteris_inFrench.Icantreadit.AwritingBwrittenCwroteDwrites5.When_thiskindofcomputer_?-Lastyear.Adid,useBwas,usedCis,usedDare,used,.,22,6.Thousandsoftreesoverthemountains_bythefarmerslastyear.AplantedBwasplantedCwereplantedDwillplant,.,23,7.Themedicine_inadryandcoolplaceAkeepBmustkeepCmustbekeptDmustbekeep8.Thisdictionarymustnt_fromthelibraryAtakeawayBtakenawayCaretakenawayDbetakenaway9.Nooneknowshowthehugerocks_and_withoutourmodernmachineseighthundredyearsagoAarecut；movedBwerecut；moveCarecut；movingDwerecut；moved,.,24,10.Lookatthesignontheright.Oh,parking_here.AdoesntallowBisntallowedCdidntallowDwasntallowed11.DidyougotoSamsweekendparty?No,I_.AamnotinvitedBwasntinvitedChaventinvitedDdidntinvited12.Thetelephone_byAlexanderGrahamBellin1876.AwasinventedBhasbeeninventedCisinventedDwillbeinvented13.Lastyear,LiHua,acollegestudent,_toworkfortheOlympicGames.AischoosingBischosenCwaschoosingDwaschosen,.,25,14.Whenyouleavetheroom,makesurethedoor_.AwaslockedBislockedCwillbelockedDshouldbelocked15.IwanttobeaChineseteacherwhenIgrowup.Thatsgreat.Chineseteachers_inChinaandsomeforeigncountries.AneedBareneedingCareneededDwillneed,.,26,16.English_inmanycountries,butChinese_theirownlanguage.Aisspoken,speaksBspeaks,isspokenCisspoken,isspokenDisspoken,speak17.Theskirtlooksdifferentfromothersanditisnice.Thanks.It_bymymotherlastmonth.AmadeBismadeChasbeenmadeDwasmade18.Thechildren_toswimlastmonthandtheycanswimverywellnow.AaretaughtBweretaughtChavetaughtDtaught,.,27,19.Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttodevelopourvillage?-Alotofnewroads_,Ithink.AhavetobuildBmustbuildChavebuiltDmustbebuilt20.Jamesismyfriend.He_Jimforshort.AcallsBiscalledCcalledDiscalling21.TwentystudentsinthisUniversity_toAustraliatostudylastyear,andmorestudentsareexpectingtohavethechancenextyear.AaresentBweresentCwillsendD.send,.,28,考点二主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况:一、使役动词和感官动词在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但如果改成被动句，则需把省略的to加上，这类动词有：hear,see,watch,make,help,let等。1)Iheardhimsinglastnight.Hewasheardtosinglastnight.2)Wesawhimwalkintothebuilding.Hewasseentowalkintothebuilding.3)Thebossmadethemwork10hoursaday.Theyweremadetowork10hoursaday.,.,29,makesb.doseesb.dohearsb.doletsb.dowat