新目标八年级上册 Units 8-10

Units8-10,知识清单,（一）单词,1._v.抖动；摇动2._v.剥皮；去皮3._v.倒出；倾倒4._n.勺子5._v.增加；添加6._adv.最后；最终7._n.食盐_n.食糖8._n.机器,shake,peel,pour,spoon,add,finally,salt,sugar,machine,9._v.挖；掘；凿_n.洞10._n.三明治11._n.片；块；段12._adj.传统的_n.传统13._n.秋天_n.秋天14._n.游客_v.旅行,dig,hole,sandwich,piece,traditional,tradition,autumn,fall,traveler,travel,15._v.庆祝_n.庆祝16._v.使混合n.混合配料_n.混合物17._v.使充满18._n.盘子；碟子19._v.覆盖n.覆盖物20._v.接待；服务；提供21._n.温度,celebrate,celebration,mix,mixture,fill,plate,cover,serve,temperature,22._v.准备_n.准备23._adj.有空的；可获得的24._conjofB.filled;withC.fulled;ofD.fulled;with,B,5.prepare【归纳】v.意为“使做好准备；把准备好”，常用短语有prepareforsth.和preparetodosth.，前者意为“为某事做准备”，后者意为“准备做某事”。【拓展】n.preparationmakepreparationsforsth.为某事做准备”，与短语prepareforsth.同义。,【运用】完成句子，每空词数不限。1)他们一周前开始为这次旅行做准备。Theybeganto_thistripaweekago.2)你准备给凯特写信吗？Doyou_toKate?,preparefor,preparetowrite,6.invite【归纳】v.意为“邀请”。invitesb.to.邀请某人参加invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事【拓展】n.invitationmakeaninvitation发出邀请acceptaninvitation接受邀请turndown/refuseaninvitation拒绝邀请,【运用】.单项选择。Lucyisshy.Shewouldnotinviteherclassmates_dancingwithher.(2013江西)A.practiceB.practicesC.practicingD.topractice,D,2.Myfriendinvitedme_theartclub,andIaccepteditwithpleasure.(2015上海)A.joinB.tojoinC.joinedD.joining,B,.完成句子，每空词数不限。1.汤姆邀请我去他们学校。Tom_theirschool.2.珍妮，你向米勒先生发出邀请了吗？Jenny,didyou_toMr.Miller?,invitedmeto,makeaninvitation,1.turnon,turnoff,turnup与turndown,（二）短语,【运用】.单项选择。1.Wouldyoumind_themusicalittle?Dontyouthinkitstooloud?Sorry!Illdoitinaminute.(2013浙江台州)A.turningonB.turningoffC.turningupD.turningdown,D,2.Theclassroomissobrightnow.Youshould_thelights.OK,Iwill.(2014江苏泰州)A.turnonB.turnupC.turndownD.turnoff,D,3.DoyouknowthelatestinformationaboutFlightMH370?Ivenoidea.Lets_theTVtowatchthenewsprogramme.(2014江苏扬州)A.turnonB.turndownC.turnupD.turnoff,A,2.hearfrom,hearof与hearabout,3.o.【拓展】put的常用短语puton穿上；戴上；上演putup提高（价格等）；张贴；建造；使升高putout扑灭；熄灭putoff推迟putaway把收起来；放好,putdown放下；写下；镇压putback将放回；推迟；延期putforward提出；向前拔putin把写进（信函、故事等）；插话；正式提,出（要求等）,4.cutup意为“切碎”。【拓展】opieces意为“将切成片”。,【运用】.单项选择。Alice,couldyouhelpme_themeat?Iwanttomakesomedumplingsfordinner.OK.Illdoitrightaway.(2013山东济南)A.putupB.giveupC.useupD.cutup,D,5.too.to.【归纳】意为“太而不能”。too后通常接形容词或副词的原级，to后接动词原形。可用so.that.结构和not.enoughto.结构改写。,6.lookforwardto【归纳】意为“期待；盼望”，其中to是介词，后接名词或动词ing形式。,【拓展】look的短语：lookat看；lookfor寻找；lookup查找；lookout小心；lookover仔细检查；lookthrough浏览；lookafter照顾；照看【运用】Inourdailylife，wemustlearnto_ourselveswellatanytime.Itsasimportantasstudying.(2015，山西)AdealwithBworryaboutClookafter,C,1.Canyoucometomyparty?Canyou.？意为“你能吗？”表示客气地请求某人做某事。接受邀请常用Iwould(Id)loveto.或者Certainly.等来应答。如有事不能接受邀请，可用Sorry,Icant.或者Idloveto,but.等回答。这种句式中，用could比can语气委婉，显得有礼貌，而用can则较随便。,（三）句式,【拓展】向别人发出邀请，委婉地请求某人去做某事的句型。情态动词can意为“可以；能”，也可以用情态动词could。could的语气要比can委婉、客气，显得更有礼貌，而can则更加口语化。,【注意】向别人发出邀请、请求或征求意见时，有以下几种常用表达：Can/Couldyou.？/Wouldyouliketo.？/What/Howabout.？/Shall(we).？/MayIinviteyouto.?其肯定回答，即接受别人的邀请时，常有以下句子：Yes，Idloveto./Idliketo./Yes.Itsverynice/kindofyou./Thatsoundsgreat./Thatsoundslikefun./Imhappy(glad)to.,其否定回答，即委婉拒绝时常用：Idlove/liketo，but./Maybeanothertime./ImsorryIcant.Ihaveto./ImafraidIcant./Imafraidnot.,2.Ifyougototheparty,youwillhaveagreattime.if意为“如果；假如”，用于引导条件状语从句。从句位置可在主句前也可在后。由if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来，其主句可以使用一般将来时，含有情态动词的句子或祈使句。,【运用】1)Doyouknowifthey_swimmingwithustomorrow?Ithinktheywillifthey_free.Ago；wllbeBgo；areCwillgo；areDwillgo；willbe,C,2)Youwillseemanyauntsdancingtogetheratthesquareifit_intheevening.AdoesntrainBrainsCwillrainDwontrain,A,3.SamisntleavinguntilnextWednesday.not.until意为“直到才”。在口语中，还可用till代替until，构成not.till.的结构。如：Shedidntgotobeduntil12oclocklastnight.,情态动词表示说话人对所说动作的观点，如需要、可能、意愿、怀疑等。情态动词本身虽有一定的意义，但不能单独作谓语动词，必须和不带to的动词原形连用，并且情态动词没有人称和数的变化(haveto除外)。主要有can,could,may,might,must,haveto,need,should,hadbetter等。,（四）语法,情态动词,can/could1.can表示现在或将来的能力，意为“能；会”。could为can的过去式，表示过去的能力。如：Helencanplaythepiano.,2.can和could都可以表示请求、允许，意为“可以”。在该用法中，用could比用can语气更加委婉和客气，但答语必须用can。如：Could/Canyouopenthewindowforme?OfcourseIcan.,3.can表示推测，用于否定句中，后跟静态动词be，表示有把握的推测，意为“不可能是/在”。could可用于肯定句中表示不确定的推测，意为“可能”。如：ItcantbeBrucesbasketball.Heonlylikesplayingsoccer.Becareful.Youcouldhurtyourselfwhenyouuseknives.,may/might1.may表示请求、许可，意为“可以”。当may表示请求时，用于主语为第一人称的一般疑问句中，肯定回答常用may，否定回答常用cant或mustnt。如：MayIuseyourmobilephone?Yes,youmay./No,youcant/mustnt.,2.may和might都可以表示推测，意为“可能；也许”。might的语气更不确定，表示的可能性更小。如：Ellamay/mighthavethebookyourelookingfor.,must/haveto1.must意为“必须”，表示义务、命令或必要，强调主观看法，其否定式为mustnt，表示“不允许；禁止”之意。在回答由must引起的一般疑问句时，肯定回答常用must，否定回答常用neednt或donthaveto，表示“不必”。如：,Allpassengersmustwearseatbelts.MustItakemyshoesawaynow?Yes,youmust./No,youneednt/donthaveto.must用于肯定句中，后跟静态动词be，表示很有把握的推测，意为“一定是/在”。如：Yourfatherhasbeenworkinghardallday.Hemustbetired.,2.haveto意为“不得不”，强调客观需要，有人称、数和时态的变化。如：Billhastodoseveraljobstosupporthisfamily.,need意为“需要”，作情态动词时，多用于否定句或疑问句中。在回答由need引起的一般疑问句时，肯定回答常用must，否定回答常用neednt。如：NeedIdriveyouhome?Yes,youmust./No,youneednt.,should意为“应该”，既可以表示义务或责任，也可以表示劝告或建议，其否定式为shouldnt，意为“不应该”。如：Weshouldntwastefood.hadbetterhadbetterdosth.表示“最好做某事”，其否定式是hadbetternotdosth.。如：Youhadbettergotoschoolbybus.Itsalittlefar.,【运用】单项选择。1.Cars,buses,bikesandpeople_stopwhenthetrafficlightsarered.(2015四川成都)A.canB.mayC.must2.Theresanimportantfootballmatchtoday.I_missit.(2015河北)A.mayB.cantC.mustD.neednt,C,B,3.ItssurprisingthatMr.Maslittledaughter_speakEnglishsowell.(2015重庆)A.mustB.canC.mustntD.cant4.Harrysbeendrivingalldayhe_betired.(2015浙江杭州)A.needB.canC.shallD.must,D,B,5.Mom,mustIgoshoppingwithyou?No,you_.YoucanwatchthefilmBigHero6withyourfriends.(2015江苏南京)A.needntB.cantC.shouldntD.mustnt,A,6.DoyouhaveanyplansforthisSunday?Imnotsure.I_gotothecountrysidetoseemygrandmother.(2015安徽)A.canB.mustC.mayD.need,C,7.IsthatmanMr.Smith?It_behim.HehasgonetoNewYorkonbusiness.(2015天津)A.maynotB.needntC.cantD.mustnt8.Asmiddleschoolstudents,we_beafraidofdifficultiesifwewanttomakeourdreamscometrue.(2015哈尔滨)A.mustB.shouldntC.need,B,C,一、约会(Makingappointments)A.Willyoubefreethisevening?Doyouhavetimetomorrowmorning?When/Whereshallwemeet?Howabout5:00tomorrowafternoon?Whatabout(meeting)outsidetheparkgate?Couldwemeetat4:30?Letsmakeit6oclock.,（五）交际用语,B.Yes,Illbefree.Allright.Seeyouthen.ImafraidIhavenotimethen.Sorry,Iwontbefree.,二、邀请(Invitation)A.Canyoucometomybirthdayparty?Wouldyouliketocometomybirthdayparty?Doyouwanttocometomybirthdayparty?Idliketoinviteyoutocometomybirthdayparty.MayIinviteyoutocometomybirthdayparty?,What/Howaboutcomingtomybirthdayparty?B.Yes,Idlike/loveto.Thanks.Yes,itsverykindofyoutoinviteme.Thatwouldbeverynice.Thanks.Idlike/loveto,butImverybusy.Itsverykindofyoutoinviteme,butImafraidIhavenotime.ImsorryIcant.What/Howaboutanothertime?,【运用】根据对话内容，在空白处填入恰当的单词，使对话完整、通顺。A:Tim,todaywearegoingtohavereal(1)_food.B:Really?Whatisit,ZhangLei?A:Oh,itsmyfavorite,Beijingduck.Weeatitwiththiskindofpancake,sauceandChineseonions.B:Oh,it(2)_delicious.MayIhaveataste,please?,Chinese,smells,A:Sure.Helpyourself.B:Wow!Itisreallydelicious.A:Imgladyoulikeit.Couldyouplease(3)_methesauce?B:Ofcourse.Hereyouare.A:Wouldyoulikesomemoreduck?B:No,thankyou.Im(4)_.Ifyouare(5)_,IwouldliketoinviteyoutohavesomerealEnglishfood.A:Thankyouverymuch.,pass,full,free/available,巩固练习,.根据语境及提示，补全所缺单词。1.Thegroundistoodry.Letspsomewateronit.2.Aishere.Thetreeleavesturnyellowandbegintofalldown.3.Hermotherisusuallybusyonw.Butshesnotbusyonweekends.4.MayrSandysinvitationbecauseshewasreallybusy.,pour,Autumn,refused,weekdays,5.Canyouhelpmewiththechores,Sue?C,Mom.6.Look,Julia!Youvemadeafewminyourhomework.Sorry.Illcorrectthemsoon.7.Frankwasubecausehefailedhisgeographytest.8.Weallknowthatfishcantlivewwater.,Certainly,mistakes,upset,without,.根据语境，选择恰当的单词填空。serve,until,dig,temperature,advice,catch,care,tradition1.Toplanttrees,wemust_someholesfirst.2.Therestaurant_manypeopleeveryday.3.TheSpringFestivalandtheMid-AutumnFestivalare_holidaysforChinese.,dig,traditional,serves,4.Didthedoctortakeyour_,Bruce?Yes.Itis38.5.Youhavetorunfastto_thebus.6.Mr.GreenwatchedTV_elevenoclocklastnight.7.Imnotgoodatmath.Canyougivemesome_?8.Ilostmybagonthewaytoschool.How_youare!,temperature,until,advice,careless,catch,.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。1.他们经常在哪里闲逛？Wheredotheyoften_?2.尼克为什么拒绝了她的请求？WhydidNick_herrequest?3.如果你答应保守秘密，我就告诉你这事。Illtellyouaboutitifyoupromiseto_it_.,hangout,turndown,Keeptoyourself,4.逃避问题是不对的。Itisnotrightto_problems.5.蒂娜走进房间，坐在沙发上，然后打开了电视。Tinawentintotheroom,satonthesofaand_theTV.6.看！这个盒子里装满了不同种类的花。Look!Thebox_differentkindsofflowers.,runawayfrom,turnedon,isfilledwith,.翻译下列句子。1.明天我该去钓鱼吗？(should)_2.如果你今晚熬夜，明天你会迟到的。(if)_3.你能来参加我的乔迁聚会吗？(can)_,ShouldIgofishingtomorrow?,Canyoucometomyhousewarmingparty?,Ifyoustayuplatetonight,youllbelatetomorrow.,4.你们愿意和我们一起去划船吗？(wouldlike)_5.晚饭我们需要多少个西红柿？(howmany)_,Wouldyouliketogoboatingwithus?,Howmanytomatoesdoweneedfordinner?,.选择恰当的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺，每词限用一次。home,belong,stay,relationship,human,possible,because,they,build,seeWild