《语言学概论》课程第3次作业

语言学概论课程第 3次作业及参考答案I. There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best complete the statement. 1. The compound word “bookstore” is the place where books are sold. This indicates that the meaning of a compound _.A. is the sum total of the meaning of its componentsB. can always be worked out by looking at the meanings of morphemesC. is the same as the meaning of a free phrase.D. None of the above.2. _ are those that cannot be used independently but have to be combined with other morphemes, either free or bound, to form a word.A. Free morphemesB. Bound morphemesC. Bound wordsD. Words3. _ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.A. SyntaxB. GrammarC. MorphologyD. Morpheme4. The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is _. A. lexicalB. morphemic C. grammaticalD. semantic 5. _ are often thought to be the smallest meaningful units of language by the linguists. A. Words B. Morphemes C. Phonemes D. Sentences 6. “-s” in the word “books” is _. A. a derivative affixB. a stem C. an inflectional affixD. a root 7. Which two terms can best describe the following pairs of words: table-tables; day break-daybreak? A. Inflection and compound B. Compound and derivationC. Inflection and derivationD. Derivation and inflection8. The morpheme “vision” in the common word “television” is a(n) _. A. bound morphemeB. bound formC. inflectional morphemeD. free morpheme 9. The word _ is not a compound. A. sunflower B. friendship C. moonwalk D. miniskirt10. In the words maps, dogs, and watches, each of /s/, /z/, /iz/ is a(an)_ of the plural form. A. allomorph B. allophone C. similar phoneme D. counter phonemeII. Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False. 1. Words are the smallest meaningful units of language.2. Open class words can accept new words regularly. 3. Just as a phoneme is the basic unit in the study of phonology, so is a morpheme the basic unit in the study of morphology.4. Inflectional morphemes manifest various grammatical relations or grammatical categories such as number, tense, degree, and case.5. Prefixes usually modify the part of speech of the original word, not the meaning of it.6. The most important component of a word structure is the morpheme. 7. Bound morphemes include roots and affixes. 8. Derivational morphemes always change the grammatical class of words.9. There are three morphemes in the word “reactivate”.10. A morpheme is neither a meaning nor a stretch of sound, but a meaning and a stretch of sound joined together. III. Fill in each of the following blanks with one word which begins with the letter given.1. C_ is the combination of two or sometimes more than two words to create new words.2. The rules that govern the formation of words are called m_ rules.3. Affixes are of two types: inflectional affixes and d_ affixes.4. C_ class words refer to the grammatical or functional words the number of which is small and stable since few new words are added.5. When people wish to distinguish the sound of a morpheme from the entire morpheme, they may use the term m_.6. The r_ constitutes the core of the word and carries the major component of its meaning. 7. D_ is an affixational process that forms a word with a meaning and/or category from that of its bases. 8. A morpheme which can be a word by itself is called a f_ morphmem.9. A_ do not belong to a lexical category and are always bound morphemes.10. The variant forms of a morpheme are called its a_. 参考答案：I. There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best complete the statement. 1. D 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. AII. Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T 5. F 6. T 7. F 8. F 9. F 10. T III. Fill in ea