2013高考全国新课标I卷英语解析版

2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标I卷)第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题4分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。21Why，this is nothing but common vegetable soup! ，madam.Its our soup of the day.ALet me see BSo it isCDont mention it DNeither do I答案B解析考查情景交际。句意为：怎么只是普通的蔬菜汤啊！的确如此，夫人。这是我们今天的例汤。So it is表示“确实如此”，符合语境。Let me see让我来看看；Dont mention it别提了；Neither do I我也不。22They might just have a place on the writing coursewhy dont you give it a try?Aleave BleftCleaving Dto leave答案B解析考查非谓语动词作后置定语。句意为：写作课上还有一个名额，你为何不去试试呢？have sth. left表示“有留下、余下”。23Try not to cough more than you can since it may cause problems to your lungs.Acheck BallowCstop Dhelp答案D解析考查动词辨析。句意为：尽量不要咳嗽除非忍不住，因为那样会给你的肺带来问题。can help忍得住。check核查；allow允许；stop停止。24If we now to protect the environment，well live to regret it.Ahadnt acted Bhavent actedCdont act Dwont act答案C解析考查条件状语从句中动词的时态。根据“主将从现”原则，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时，C项正确。句意为：如果我们现在不着手保护环境，以后将会后悔。25Tony can hardly boil an egg，still cook dinner.Aless BlittleCmuch Dmore答案A解析考查副词比较级。句意为：Tony几乎连鸡蛋都不会煮，更不必说做晚餐了。句中hardly提示Tony不会做饭，still后跟比较级用来加强语气，此处表示“更不必说”。26Police have found appears to be the lost ancient statue.Awhich BwhereChow Dwhat答案D解析考查宾语从句引导词的辨析。句意为：警察发现了疑似曾失窃的古老雕像。分析句子结构可知found后为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，因此用what引导宾语从句，同时作从句中的主语。27When I first met Bryan I didnt like him，but I my mind.Ahave changed BchangeChad changed Dwould change答案A解析考查现在完成时。句意为：当我初识Bryan时我不是很喜欢他，但是现在我改变了看法。前半句叙述过去的事实，用一般过去时；后半句描述的是发生在说话之前的动作对现在造成的影响，符合现在完成时的特点。28The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police .Anot to do Bnot toCnot do Ddo not答案B解析考查不定式的否定及省略。句意为：司机想把车停在路边，但是警察提醒他不可以。句中by the police为干扰部分，可以去掉，句式为ask sb. to do sth.的被动语态的否定形式。A选项后加it也正确。29The door open，no matter how hard she pushed.Ashouldnt BcouldntCwouldnt Dmightnt答案C解析考查情态动词。句意为：不管她怎么推，门还是打不开。shouldnt不应该； couldnt主观的不能； wouldnt不会； mightnt可能不。30At the last moment Tom decided to a new character to make the story seem more likely.Aput up Bput inCput on Dput off答案B解析考查动词短语辨析。句意为：在最后关头，Tom决定添加一个新的角色以使故事感觉更真实。put up举起，建立，提出，使升高；put in放入，把写进(信函、故事等)；put on穿上；put off下车，脱掉，推迟。31India attained independence in 1947，after long struggle.A/；a Bthe；aCan；/ Dan；the答案A解析考查冠词用法。句意为：印度在长期抗争后，于1947年获得独立。 attain independence获得独立，是零冠词用法；after a long struggle经过一段长时间的抗争，用不定冠词a表示数量。32Theres no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery another man，also intelligent，fails.Asince BifCas Dwhile答案D解析考查状语从句引导词的辨析。句意为：我们无从知晓为何一个人会有重大发现而另一个似乎同样聪慧的人却做不到。while意为“然而”，表示转折，与前一事物形成对比。33“You cant judge a book by its cover，” Aas the saying goes oldBgoes as the old sayingCas the old saying goesDgoes as old the saying答案C解析考查非限制性定语从句的语序。句意为：常言道，人不可貌相。as引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如”，不用倒装。34It was a real race time to get the project done.Luckily，we made it.Aover BbyCfor Dagainst答案D解析考查介词辨析。句意为：完成这项任务真是一场与时间的赛跑，值得庆幸的是，我们做到了。与时间赛跑，显然是对抗，用against。35The sunlight is white and blinding， hardedged shadows on the ground.Athrowing Bbeing thrownCto throw Dto be thrown答案A解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：阳光明亮刺眼，在地上投下轮廓分明的影子。C项不定式表将来或目的，与语境不符，故逗号后面用doing形式作伴随状语；逻辑主语the sunlight和throw之间是主动关系，排除B、D两项。 第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I went to a group activity，“Sensitivity Sunday”，which was to make us more 36 the problems faced by disabled people.We were asked to “ 37 a disability”for several hours one Sunday.Some members， 38 ，chose to use wheelchairs.Others wore soundblocking earplugs(耳塞) or blindfolds(眼罩)Just sitting in the wheelchair was a 39 experience.I had never considered before how 40 it would be to use one.As soon as I sat down，my 41 made the chair begin to roll.Its wheels were not 42 .Then I wondered where to put my 43 .It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into 44 .I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of 45 for several hours.For disabled people，“adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary(临时的) 46 .I tried to find a 47 position and thought it might be restful， 48 kind of nice，to be 49 around for a while.Looking around，I 50 I would have to handle the thing myself！My hands started to ache as I 51 the heavy metal wheels.I came to know that controlling the 52 of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n) 53 task.My wheelchair experiment was soon 54 .It made a deep impression on me.A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the 55 ，both physical and mental，that disabled people must overcome.36A.curious about Binterested inCaware of Dcareful with答案C解析考查形容词短语辨析。句意为：“Sensitivity Sunday”活动的目的是让我们了解残疾人所面对的问题。make sb. aware of使某人意识到；curious about对好奇。37A.cure BpreventCadopt Danalyze答案C解析考查动词辨析。句意为：一个周日，我们被要求用残疾人的方式生活几个小时。adopt采用，符合语境。cure治疗；prevent防止；analyze分析。38A.instead BstrangelyCas usual Dlike me答案D解析句意为：有些人像我一样选择了轮椅。根据下文可知作者选择了坐轮椅的方式来体验残疾人的生活。39A.learning BworkingCsatisfying Drelaxing答案D解析考查形容词辨析。句意为：仅坐在轮椅上是一种令人感到放松的体验。relaxing令人感到放松的；satisfying令人感到满意的。40A.convenient BawkwardCboring Dexciting答案B解析考查形容词。句意为：我以前从来没有意识到操作轮椅是多么笨拙的事情。awkward笨拙的，不方便的；convenient方便的；boring烦人的。41A.height BforceCskill Dweight答案D解析考查名词辨析。句意为：我刚一坐上去，自身的重量使得轮椅动起来了。weight重量；height高度；force(武力)力量；skill技巧。42A.locked BrepairedCpowered Dgrasped答案A解析考查动词辨析。句意为：轮子没有上锁(轮椅都有锁止功能)。(were) locked上锁；(were) repaired被修理；(were) powered被驱动；(were) grasped被抓住。43A.hands BfeetCkeys Dhandles答案B解析句意为：我不知道该把脚放在哪里。根据下句中footrest(搁脚板)可知答案。44A.place BactionCplay Deffect答案A解析考查固定短语。句意为：我花了好长时间才把金属的搁脚板弄好。get sth. into place把放到合适的位置；action行动；effect影响，效果。45A.operation BcommunicationCtransportation Dproduction答案C解析考查名词辨析。句意为：我开始不安地看着我接下来几个小时内唯一的交通工具。transportation运输工具，此处指轮椅；operation操作，手术；communication 交流；production产品。46A.exploration BeducationCexperiment Dentertainment答案C解析考查名词辨析。句意为：对于残疾人来说，用轮椅却不是一个临时性的试验。语境为：作者在体验残疾人使用轮椅的生活，而残疾人却要一直都使用轮椅。experiment试验；exploration勘探；education教育；entertainment娱乐。47A.flexible BsafeCstarting Dcomfortable答案D解析考查形容词辨析。句意为：我想找一个舒服的地方。comfortable舒适的；根据句中restful(宁静的，安静的)一词可知答案。flexible灵活的；safe安全的。48A.yet BjustCstill Deven答案D解析考查副词。句意为：甚至是被推着到处走走也好。语境为：作者想让别人推着自己走。even表示意义递进由自己找个舒服的地方到找个人推着自己走。49A.shown BpushedCdriven Dguided答案B解析考查动词辨析。解析参见上题。be pushed被推着；be shown被带领着参观；be driven被驱赶；be guided被引导。50A.realized BsuggestedCagreed Dadmitted答案A解析考查动词辨析。句意为：环顾四周，我意识到我只能靠自己应对这一切了。realize意识到；suggest建议，暗示；agree同意；admit承认。51A.lifted BturnedCpressed Dseized答案B解析考查动词。句意为：因为要转动(turn)沉重的轮子我的手也开始疼痛起来了。lift举起；press按，压；seize逮住，抓住。52A.path BpositionCdirection Dway答案C解析考查名词辨析。句意为：我开始意识到控制轮椅的方向可不是件容易的事。direction方向；path道路；position位置；way方式。53A.easy BheavyCmajor Dextra答案A解析考查形容词辨析。句意参见上题。heavy沉重的；major主要的；extra额外的。54A.forgotten BrepeatedCconducted Dfinished答案D解析考查动词辨析。句意为：我的体验很快就结束了。由下一句可知(was)forgotten被遗忘，不符合句意；(was)repeated被重复；(was)conducted被管理，不符合语境。55A.weaknesses BchallengesCanxieties Dillnesses答案B解析考查名词辨析。句意为：几个小时的“残疾”生活只是给了我体验身心被挑战的滋味，而这是残疾人不得不克服的。语境为：作者体验残疾人的生活是一种挑战。challenge挑战；weakness弱点，劣势；anxiety担心；illness疾病。第三部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ASome people will do just about anything to save money.And I am one of them.Take my familys last vacation.It was my sixyearold sons winter break from school，and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip.The flight was overbooked，and Delta，the airline，offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.I had meetings in New York，so I had to get back.But that didnt mean my husband and my son couldnt stay.I took my ninemonthold and took off for home.The next day，my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight.Yes，I encouragedokay，orderedthem to wait it out at the airport to “earn” more Delta Dollars.Our total take：$1,600.Not bad，huh?Now some people may think Im a bad mother and not such a great wife either.But as a bigtime bargain hunter，I know the value of a dollar.And these days，a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.Ive made a living looking for the best deals and exposing(揭露) the worst tricks.I have been the consumer reporter of NBCs Today show for over a decade.I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade：A Consumer Survival Guide.And I really do what I believe in.I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your moneys worth.Im also tightfisted when it comes to shoes，clothes for my children，and expensive restaurants.But I wouldnt hesitate to spend on a good haircut.It keeps its shape longer，and its the first thing people notice.And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture.Quality lasts.56Why did Delta give the authors family credits?AThey took a later flight.BThey had early bookings.CTheir flight had been delayed.DTheir flight had been cancelled.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“.give up our seats and leave the next day.”可知答案。57What can we learn about the author?AShe rarely misses a good deal.BShe seldom makes a compromise.CShe is very strict with her children.DShe is interested in cheap products.答案A解析推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“But as a bigtime bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.”可知作者自称是一个一流的杀价者，并且说一笔好的交易是很少有人能够拒绝的，因此作者不会错过一笔好买卖的，答案为A项。58What does the author do?AShes a teacher.BShes a housewife.CShes a media person.DShes a businesswoman.答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句“I have been the consumer reporter of NBCs Today show for over a decade.”可知作者是一位媒体工作者。59What does the author want to tell us?AHow to expose bad tricks.BHow to reserve airline seats.CHow to spend money wisely.DHow to make a business deal.答案C解析写作意图题。文章最后一段讲述了如何明智地花钱，即如何让钱花得更值得，故答案为C项。BThe baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital.She is quiet but alert(警觉)Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.She stares at it carefully.A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another，this time with the spots differently spaced.As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focusuntil a third，with three black spots，is presented.Her gaze returns：she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.Can she tell that the number two is different from three，just 24 hours after coming into the world?Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer？The same experiment，but with three spots shown before two，shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness？When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb，a key，an orange and so on)，changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make，as opposed to three？No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three，or three to two.The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two；likewise(同样地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.60The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the babys .Asense of hearing Bsense of sightCsense of touch Dsense of smell答案B解析推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知，刚刚出生的孩子对于两个和三个斑点的卡片反应不同，可知是对孩子视觉的测验。61Babies are sensitive to the change in .Athe size of cards Bthe colour of picturesCthe shape of patterns Dthe number of objects答案D解析细节理解题。参见上题解析。62Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?ATo reduce the difficulty of the experiment.BTo see how babies recognize sounds.CTo carry their experiment further.DTo keep the babies interest.答案C解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第八句“The effect even crosses between senses.”可知，研究人员在移动不同数量的斑点的同时，加入鼓声，以进一步验证孩子的反应，故答案为C项。63Where does this text probably come from?AScience fiction. BChildrens literature.CAn advertisement. DA science report.答案D解析推理判断题。通读全文可知本文是一篇科学报道。science fiction科幻小说；childrens literature儿童文学；an advertisement广告。CIt happened to me recently.I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obamas Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President.A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was，in his words，“a brilliantly(精彩地) written book”However，he then went on to talk about Mr. Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.And it seems that my friend is not the only one.Approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they havent.In the World Book Days “Report on Guilty Secrets”，Dreams From My Father is at number 9.The report lists ten books，and various authors，which people have lied about reading，and as Im not one to lie too often (Id hate to be caught out)，Ill admit here and now that I havent read the entire top ten.But I am pleased to say that，unlike 42 percent of people，I have read the book at number one，George Orwells 1984.I think its really brilliant.The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it.It says that many people lie about having read Jane Austen，Charles Dickens，Fyodor Dostoevsky (I havent read him，but havent lied about it either) and Herman Melville.Asked why they lied，the most common reason was to “impress” someone they were speaking to.This could be tricky if the conversation became more indepth!But when asked which authors they actually enjoy，people named JK.Rowling，John Grisham，Sophie Kinsella (ah，the big sellers，in other words)Fortytwo percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story (Ill come clean：I do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so)64How did the author find his friend a book liar?ABy judging his manner of speaking.BBy looking into his background.CBy mentioning a famous name.DBy discussing the book itself.答案D解析推理判断题。根据文章第一段的最后两句“However, he then went on to talk abour Mr. Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all. I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.”可以推断出通过讨论这本书的内容作者进而发现朋友在撒谎，故选D。其中，选项A在文中没有体现；选项B偷梁换柱，利用文中出现的his(Mr. Obama) background来迷惑考生；选项C看似在文中首段第二、三句有所体现，但它并不能很好地回答题干所提出的问题，答非所问，故排除。 65Which of the following is a “guilty secret” according to the World Book Day report?ACharles Dickens is very low on the topten list.B42% of people pretended to have read 1984.CThe author admitted having read 9 books.DDreams From My Father is hardly read.答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后两句“But I am pleased to say that, unlike 42 percent of people, I have read the book at number one, George Orwells 1984. I think its really brilliant.”可知答案。选项A和D提到的细节在文中是有出现，但是选项的内容无法从文章中得出结论；选项C的信息作者在本文没有叙述。66By lying about reading，a person hopes to .Acontrol the conversationBappear knowledgeableClearn about the bookDmake more friends答案B解析推理判断题。根据文章第四段第一句“Asked why they lied, the most common reason was to impress someone they were speaking to.”可知答案为B项。67What is the authors attitude to 58% of readers?AFavorable. BUncaring.CDoubtful. DFriendly.答案C解析作者态度题。结合文章大意，以及文中最后出现的“.am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so”可知，作者对58% of readers持怀疑态度，故C项(怀疑的)符合文意。选项B(不予关注的)，显然错误，作者若不予以关注就不会写出这篇文章。DThe National GalleryDescription：The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London.It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13thcentury religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.Layout：The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th to 15thcentury paintings，and artists include Duccio，Uccello，Van Eyck，Lippi，Mantegna，Botticelli and Memling.The main West Wing houses 16thcentury paintings，and artists include Leonardo da Vinci，Cranach，Michelangelo，Raphael，Bruegel，Bronzino，Titian and Veronese.The North Wing houses 17thcentury paintings，and artists include Caravaggio，Rubens，Poussin，Van Dyck，Velazquez，Claude and Vermeer.The East Wing houses 18th to early 20thcentury paintings，and artists include Canaletto，Goya，Turner，Constable，Renoir and Van Gogh.Opening Hours：The Gallery is open every day from 10 am to 6 pm(Fridays 10 am to 9 pm) and is free，but charges apply to some special exhibitions.Getting There：Nearest underground stations：Charing Cross (2minute walk)，Leicester Square (3minute walk)，Embankment(7minute walk)，and Piccadilly Circus (8minute walk)68In which centurys collection can you see religious paintings?AThe 13th. BThe 17th.CThe 18th. DThe 20th.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“.13thcentury religious paintings.”可知答案。69Where are Leonardo da Vincis works shown?AIn the East Wing.BIn the main West Wing.CIn the Sainsbury Wing.D