2020-2021年上海市高三上学期周练试卷(附答案和解析)

2020年高三上学期周练 英语试卷（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）第I卷（共100分）. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the otl1er blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Most Frightening Day of My LifeSeveral years ago, I was spending Christmas in Tenerife, in the Canary Islands. My brother Jose was working there and he couldnt get any time off (21)_(come) home, so I spent the holiday with him. We decided to go up Mount Teide, a volcano in the centre of the island, and officially the second (22)_(large) mountain in Europe. This was the last day of my visit, so we hired a little car for the day-I couldnt drive, but my brother (23)_. Jose and I set off in brilliant sunshine. but it got much colder and by the time we reached the Crater(火山口) of Mount Teide it was snowing. All the restaurants, hotels and gas stations at the top of the volcano (24)_(close), and we had almost run out of petrol. I, started getting really worried (25)_ I had to catch the plane home that evening, and if I didnt, I would have to pay for a new ticket. So Jose decided to do something dangerous一he switched off the engine of the car and freewheeled down the other side of the mountain.He did this for several kilometres, round hairpin bends on dangerous, icy roads. Though (26)_( scare) to death, I didnt tell him to stop for some reason.Then the worst thing happened: the car slipped on the road and the two front wheels went over the edge. We were very lucky that the rest of the car didnt go over. We sat in the car, not (27)_(dare) to move. A car came round the corner and out (28)_(jump) three enormous men.(29)_saying a word, the three men surrounded the car and literally lifted it back on the road.My brother and I got out to thank them, but the three men just repeated Norway several times 一we assumed that that was (30)_they came fromthen got back into their car and drove off.We were so relieved we could have kissed them! We got back into our car and continued down the side of the mountain. I have never felt so happy in my life as we reached the town at the bottom.【答案】21. to come 22. largest 23. could 24. were closed 25. because26. scared 27. daring 28. jumped 29. Without 30. Where【答案解析】： 21. 文章中说“我的哥哥没有时间放假回家”用动词不定式表示表结果。22. “the second largest”表示第二大。a volcano in the centre of the island, and officially the second largest mountain in Europe.在这里说这个火山在欧洲时第二大山脉，所以用形容词的最高级。23. 考察情态动词。根据I couldnt drive可以看出此空表示省略。24. 考察动词时态和语态。整篇文章都用的过去时态，餐馆和旅馆与关闭存在被动关系，所以填“were closed”符合题意。25. 填because表示因果关系，我开始担心，因为我不得不赶上今晚回家的飞机。26. 在这里是指人感到惊吓恐慌，所以用过去分词。故填scared.27. 考察非谓语动词。这里表示主动关系，所以用daring.28. 考察全部倒装。方位副词提前而且有and连接，故与前面的came 时态一致。29. 考察介词。Without saying a word表示没有说一句话。30. 考察表语从句。根据句意来看“我认为那里是他们来的地方。Section B (10分)Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. advocates B. inevitable C. invest D. movement E. placed F. pointlessG. present H. pressure I. progress J. recruiting K. throughA Bright Future for GirlsWorldwide, 130 million girls are out of school. At the United Nations two years ago, leaders promised to ensure every girl receives 12 years of education by 2030, but contributions from donor countries have declined. Some days are hardbut I refuse to believe the world will always be as it is;31 is happening.At the Malala Fund, we are investing in educators in developing countries. These 32 understand the challenges girls face in their communities-child marriage, poverty, conflicts and warsand are best 33 to develop solutions. In Afghanistan, they are 34 female teachers to work in rural schools. In Nigeria, they are running clubs to help girls resist family 35 to drop out and marry as young as 13 years old. In Lebanon, they are developing e-learning programs to teach STEM skills to Syrian refugee girls. I believe we can see every girl in school in my lifetime. I believe in girls like Najlaa, who are leading the fight for themselves and their sisters. I believe in the millions of people who support our 36 .Earliest this year, someone asked me, After everything youve been 37 and everything youve seen, how do you keep yourself from being hopeless? After talking for a moment about all the things to be grateful for in my own life, I said, I think its 38 to be hopeless. If you arehopeless, you waste your 39 and your future. If we want a brighter future-for them and for ourselveswe must 40 in girls today.【答案】31-35 I A E J H 36-40 D K F G C【试题解析】31. I 根据前文“but I refuse to believe the world will always be as it is”，因此可知，变化正在发生。所以填I。32. A 前文提到“fund”基金，可知此处应为捐助者、拥护者理解，故选A。33. E 考查固定搭配，be placed to 被置于34. J 考查形容词，她们是新组建的女老师，故填J.35. H 考查句意，根据前句resist,帮助他们抵制来自家庭的压力，所以填H。36. D 许多人支持我们的运动。37. K 考查句意，通过，穿过38. F 考查句意，根据后句提到hopeless，故选F。39. G 句意，浪费你的现在和将来40. C 我们必须投资当下的女孩。invest 投资III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word of phrase that best fits the context.If you order a Burger King Stacker Quad,youll be served with a hamburger with no trace of any vegetable in it,a fact boasted about in the TV ads that accompanied the launch of the product in the United States.The Stacker Quad may be extraordinary, but it is far from 41. . Recent times have seen the launch of products that the industry callsindulgent offerings:foods marketed specifically on the basis of how much meat and cheese and how few vegetables they 42 ,it is worth 43 how strange these developments would have seemed just two years ago,when the 44. to fast-food was at its height. At that time,the American burger restaurant Wendys added a fresh-fruit bowl to its menu.However, at the end of last year,the company quietly 45. the menu,blaming a lack of demand for such healthy dishes.We listened to consumers who said they wanted to eat fresh fruit,a spokesman told the New York Times,but apparently they 46. . The industrys 47. , it seems, had been to listen to the market researchers instead of the food psychologists. People tell researchers what they think they want to hear,or what the respondents want to believe about themselves. But we know,48 recent psychological research, that people drink more than a third more fruit juice when they pour it into a short, wide glass instead of a narrow,tall one,and that people will eat more of a product if it comes in a bigger package.We know that people will report that Black Forest Double-Chocolate Cake taste better thanChocolate Cake, even when the cakes themselves are exactly the same. 49 , we know that just because people say they want to eat more healthily, it doesnt mean they really do want to. Denny Marie Post,from Burger King, admits that the fast-food industry vastly 50 the appeal of healthier product lines.Healthy eating is more a state of intention than it is of 51. she says.“There is a very small percentage whose behaviour agrees with their intentions.Andrew Geier,a psychologist at the University of Pennsylvania, recently conducted an experiment in which he placed a large bowl of sweets in the lobby of an apartment building.Eat your 52. . Please use the spoon to serve yourself read a sign he placed next to the bowl.He left it there for 10 days in a row,with,on alternative days, either a teaspoon or a large spoon that held a quarter of a cup of sweets.When they were using the 53. spoon, people on average took two thirds more sweet. This 54. is known asunit bias-the way we tend to think that whatever quantity a product is sold in must be appropriate amount to 55. .41. A. strangeB. trueC. uniqueD. simple42. A. emphasizeB. ignoreC. containD. promote43. A. explainingB. concludingC. predictingD. recalling44. A. attitudeB. solutionC. resistanceD. availability45. A. kept it toB. put it onC. made it intoD. took it off46.A. IiedB. triedC. ateD. stopped47. A. promiseB. mistakeC. behaviourD. greed48. A. thanks toB. in spite ofC. ahead ofD. in addition to49. A. Sure enoughB.Above allC. After allD. In conclusion50. A. overlookedB. overestimatedC. overcorrectedD. overcame51. A. desireB. crazeC. confusionD. action52.A. shareB. remainingC. wordD. fill53. A. smallerB. biggerC. newerD. older54. A. phenomenonB. consequenceC. procedureD. concept55. A. demandB. countC. consumeD. store【答案】41-45 CCDCD 46-50 ABABB 51-55 DDBAC【解析】第41题C考察形容词辨析及上下文逻辑理解，由文41空上下文The Stacker Quad may be extraordinary, but it is far from 41. . Recent times have seen.可知这或许非同寻常，但远非独一无二,选C。第42题C考察动词辨析和句间理解，通过上文indulgent offerings.They指的是这些食物，因此填包含。第43题D考察动词辨析及上下文语境。根据句内 how strange these developments would have seemed just two years ago,说明填recall回忆，记得。第44题C考察名词辨析和段间理解。根据上文 how strange .和下文the American burger restaurant Wendys added a fresh-fruit bowl to its menu.知当抵抗运动达到高潮时.第45题D考察动词词组辨析及句意理解， took it off表示从菜单上拿下来，知选B.第46题A考察动词辨析。根据文意及下文“People tell researchers what they think they want to hear,or what the respondents want to believe about themselves.知填lied。及下文and they are not always best in their first language.可知语言学习对人的影响有优缺点。 第47题B考察名词意辨析。根据句内it seems, had been to listen to the market researchers instead of the food psychologists.可知填错误B.第48题A考察介词词组辨析及考察句意理解。根据下文及其转折逻辑But we know,48 recent psychological research, that people drink more than a third more fruit juice when they pour it into a short知填由于，A。第49题B考察顺序词词组辨析及上下文逻辑关系。根据联系we know that just because，填表示首先，最重要的意思。第50题B考察动词辨析：根据上文but apparently they 46. .had been to listen to the market researchers instead of the food psychologists知填高估了overestimated。 第51题D考察名词辨析。根据下文“There is a very small percentage whose behaviour agrees with their intentions.与行为behavior对应。第52题D考察名词辨析及文意理解。Eat your fill意为吃个够。第53题B考察名词形容比较级辨析。根据上文or a large spoon that held a quarter of a cup of sweets.知填bigger。第54题A考察名词辨析。根据上文例子知填这一现象符合 题意。第55题C考察动词辨析。根据第一段和末段的大意.We listened to consumers who said they wanted to eat fresh fruit,a spokesman told the New York Times,，Eat your fill知填consume表示吃喝的意思。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Professor Heinz Wolff, who has died aged 89, was a bioengineering pioneer: he established the discipline, named it and, in a 60-year career, made significant contributions to medical research. But to the British public, he was best known as the dotty scientist who fronted The Great Egg Race, a BBC show in which colour-coded teams were set engineering challenges (the first was to transport an egg in a vehicle powered by rubber bands). With his trademark bow tie, half-moon glasses and Mitteleuropean accent, he looked really like Professor Branestawn, as described by W. Heath Robinson. Yet while he cheerfully exploited his reputation as a peculiar egghead, he was very serious about his work and inspired thousands of young people to consider scientific careers.Born in Berlin in 1928, Heinz Wolff was the son of Jewish parents. His mother died in 1938, and the next year the family fled. They arrived in Britain on the day war was declared. We really cut it rather fine, he said on Desert Island Discs in 1998. After leaving school, he worked as a technician at the Radcliffe Infirmary in Oxford, where he invented a machine to count red blood cells, and then at the National Institute for Medical Researchs pneumoconiosis research unit in Cardiff, where he designed a means of measuring dust levels in coal miners. He went on to study at University College London and graduated with a first in physics and physiology. Then, in 1983, he founded the Institute for Bioengineering at Brunel University. His particular interest was in technologies to improve the lives of older people, but he was also heavily involved in space research and worked as an adviser to the European Space Agency.Wolff had made his first appearance on TV on Panorama in 1966, encouraging RichardP Dimbleby to swallow a radio pill. On The Great Egg Race, which ran from 1979; his task was to get opponent teams representing organisations such as the chemical company ICI to zolfe a friendish engineering problem. Challenges included building a hovercraft from a lawnmower, and inventing a bicycle that could ride on water. Marks were awarded for entertainment value and technical accomplishment. The show ended in the mid-1980s, but Wolff continued to judge scientific competitions, on TV and elsewhere. A natural entertainer with an inexhaustible curiosity about the world, he said hed be happy to dress up as a clown if it got children interested in science.56.The word dotty (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to_.A. famous B. genius C. peculiar D. serious57. Which of the following statements is true of Heinz Wolff according to the passage?A. He invented a machine while in University College London.B. His interest lay in helping those living in war-stricken areas.C. He used to major in physics and physiology.D. His family left Berlin after WWII began.58. Heinz Wolff didnt mind looking ridiculous as long as_.A. he could appear on TV to judge scientific competitions, ,B. he could help arouse childrens interest in sciencei_ 1C. he could combine entertainment and technologyrD. he could keep being curious about the world59. Which of the following is an achievement made by Heinz Wolff?A. Representing a chemical company.B. Setting up the subject of bioengineering.C. Being the first scientist to front TV shows.D. Designing a method to count red blood cells.【答案解析】：56.C 根据语境可知，在这里主要说他是一个古怪的科学家，因此答案C. peculiar意为古怪的，在下文peculiar egghead提到。C选项符合题意。57. C 根据文中“He went on to study at University College London and graduated with a first in physics and physiology“.可以看出他主修物理学和生物学。所以C选项符合题意。58. B 根据文章最后一句“he said hed be happy to dress up as a clown if it got children interested in science“.可以看出，如果能让孩子们对科学感兴趣，他很乐意装扮成小丑。所以B选项符合题意。59. B 根据文中“in 1983, he founded the Institute for Bioengineering at Brunel University. “ 可以看出”1983年，他在布鲁内尔大学建立了生物工程研究所。故B选项符合题意。【重点词汇短语】:establish the discipline 创建这门学科make significant contribution to 做出重大贡献be serious about his work 认真对待他的工作inspire thousands of young people 激励成千上万的年轻人dress up as a clown 打扮成小丑arouse childrens interest in science 激励孩子们对科学的兴趣(B)OXFORDSHIRE COUNTY COUNCILTHIS PAY AND DISPLAY AREA IS IN OPERATION EVERY DAY FROM8 AM UNTIL 10 PM(Weekday charges apply on Public/Bank Holidays)PERMITTED VEHICLESPASSENGER VEHICLES UP TO 12 SEATS+ DRIVER,PERMITTED VEHICLES UP TO 2290 Kg. MAX GROSS()WEIGHT,DUAL PURPOSE VEHICLES, MOTOR CYCLES WITH SIDECARS ONLY.60.If Mary wants to park her car in this PAY&DISPLAY AREA from 6 pm until 8 pm on Monday, how much should she pay?A.0.50. B.1.00. C.1.50. D.2.00.61.Those who are most likely to have a BLUE BADGE.A. are working for Oxford County Council B.are physically disabledC. are regular customers of the car park D.are investors of the car park62.Which statement is true of this PAY&DISPLAY AREA according to the passage?A.You neednt pay for parking your car there on Public HolidaysB.You can park your car there for as long as you want to on SundayC.You must have some coins at hand if you want to park your car thereD.You may move your car to another area without extra charge within 2 hours. 【答案】BBC【重难点词汇和短语解析】 词汇：（n.）county 郡，县（n.）intruction（n/v）cancel vt.取消；删去vi.取消；相互抵消vi.取消，撤销n.取消，撤销（adj.）transferable 可转让的；数 可转移的词组：up to一直到；相当于；忙于，在做；由决定的apply on应用在at hand adv.在手边；即将到来 【试题解析】60.A 细节理解判断题根据表格左侧信息6.30 pm to 10 pm No charge, 结合表格右侧信息SP 10P 20P 50P 1 2知答案为B61.B细节理解题根据表格左侧中间信息知答案为B，are physically disabled62.C细节判断题根据表格右侧第二点信息coins accepted NO CHANGE 知该机器不找零，可接受硬币交易,知答案为C。 第一段第四行(Weekday charges apply on Public/Bank Holidays)知A错误，根据表格左侧信息PART PAYMENT IS NOT ACCEPTED MAXIMUM STAY TWO HOURS知最多不超过2小时，B错误，根据表格中间信息6.30 pm to 10 pm No charge知D错误。 (C)The concept of planning entire communities before their construction is an ancient one. In fact, one of the earliest such cities on record is Miletus, Greece, which was built in the 4th century BC. Throughout the Middle Ages and the Renaissance various planned communities (both theoreticaland actual) were conceived (构思）. Leonardo da Vinci designed several cities that were neverconstructed. Following the Great Fire of London in 1666, the architect Christopher Wren created a new master plan for the city, combining park land and urban space. Several 18th century cities, including Washington D.C., New York City, and St Petersburg, Russia, were built according to comprehensive planning.One of the most important planned city concepts, the Garden City Movement, arose in the latter part of the 19th century as a reaction to the pollution and crowding of the Industrial Revolution. In 1898, Ebenezer Howard published the book To-Morrow: A Peaceful Path for Real Reform in which he laid out his ideas concerning the creation of new econo