中考英语宾语从句

语法专项复习,-宾语从句,一、宾语从句的概念,宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。eg.WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.,二、宾语从句三要素：,连接词,时态,语序,（一）连接词,1.连词that引导：作从句的原句是陈述句。Ihear_Englishisnoteasy.2.if/whether“是否”，用它引导从句，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。原句为一般疑问句，选择疑问句或反意疑问句。Couldyoutellmeif(whether)MissBrownlivesinthathouse?,3.当从句原本是特殊疑问句时，用以下连接代词和连接副词引导：what,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,how,why,howfar,howlong,howmany,howmuch,howoften作用：连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义。eg:Ididnthear_hewantedmetodo.Iwanttoknow_isthatyoungman.Tomaskedus_wewouldstarttheparty.,（二）语序：陈述句语序,（三）时态：主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态。主句用过去时，从句用与过去相关的时态。,即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）,Doyoustillremember_(他说的什么)?,特殊情况：,1.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，任用现在时。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Couldyoutellmewherethebookshopis.2.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍然用一般过去时。Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.,三、宾语从句注意事项,(一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：Whatswrong?Whatsthematter?Whatshappening?eg:Idontknowwhatsthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?,(二)只能用whether不能用if的情况,1.在介词后面：Imthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Wedidntthinkaboutwhetheritwouldrainthenextday.2.在动词不定式前：Theyaskedmewhethertositatthefront.,3.当与ornot连用，或提出两种选择时:Idontknowwhetherhesfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellmewhetheryoudliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.宾语从句提前时：Whetherthisistrueornot,Icantsay.,5.在动词discuss后的宾语从句中:Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.6.引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句用whether：Whetherheisrightorwrongisaquestion.Thequestionwaswhetherhewenttherelastnight.,(三)用if不用whether的情况:,1.引导否定概念的宾语从句时：HeaskedmeifIhadntfinishmyhomework.2.引导条件状语从句，if意为“如果”时:Wellgohikingifitdoesntraintomorrow.,四、宾语从句转化为简单句,1.当主从句的主语一致时：1)IdontknowwhatIshalldonext.Idontknowwhattodonext.2)Johndidntdecidewhichshirthewouldbuy.Johndidntdecidewhichshirttobuy.,2.当主句的谓语含有双宾语时，如果间宾与从句（直宾）中的主语一致时：1)CanyoutellmehowIcangettothepolicestation?Canyoutellmehowtogettothepolicestation?2)PleaseshowmehowIshouldstarttherecorder.Pleaseshowmehowtostarttherecorder.,3.当主句的谓语动词是order,require等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可转化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构:Theheadmasterorderedthatweshouldstartatonce.Theheadmasterorderedustostartatonce.,4.其他转换：1)Heinsistedthatheshouldgowithus.Heinsistedongoingwithus.2)Wefoundthattheboxwasveryheavy.Wefoundthattheboxveryheavy.,Exercise:1._hewilltellus_hedidnttakethemoneyisstillaquestion.A.if;ifB.whether;whetherC.whether;ifD.if;whether2.Thisistheroom_welivedinlastyear.3.Thisistheroom_welivedlastyear.4.Itsonl