高中英语Unit1AlandofdiversitySectionⅠ课件新人教版选修8.ppt

Unit1Alandofdiversity,文章导语Boston,whichisoneofthenationswettestcities,isoneoftheoldestAmericancitieswitharicheconomicandsocialhistory.波士顿是美国最古老的城市之一,也是美国最潮湿的城市之一,有着丰富的经济和社会史。BostonisoneoftheoldestAmericancities,witharicheconomicandsocialhistory.Duringthe1980s,Bostongainedfameforitshightechnology,aswellasagoodplacetodevelopbusiness.Inrecentyears,manysourceshaverankedBostonamongthebestlargecitiesinwhichtoliveintheUS.BostonliesatthemouthsoftheCharlesandMysticRivers.TheRiversflowintoBostonsinnerharborandthenintoBostonHarboritself.,FogiscausedbyBostonsclosenesstowater.Rainisfrequentinspringandsummer,whilesnowfallsregularlyinwinter,makingBostononeofthenationswettestcities.AtlanticOceanbreezeskeepBostonsclimaterelativelymild,comparedtoothercitiesinthenortheasternUS.Thecityexperiencedaboomingperiodaroundthemid-1800s,helpedbytheinventionoftherailroad.Amongthenewindustrieswasthemakingofshoesandotherleathergoodsuntilrecentlyamainstay(支柱)oftheBostoneconomy.BostonspopulationremainedlargelyEnglishmenuntilthemid-1800s,whenthefirstwavesofEuropeanimmigrantsbegantoarrive.,译文波士顿是美国最古老的城市之一,有着丰富的经济和社会史。在20世纪80年代,波士顿因其为高科技和发展商业的好地方而闻名。在近几年,很多信息资料将波士顿列为美国国内最好的适宜居住的大城市之一。波士顿位于查尔斯河与神秘河的河口交汇处。这两条河流入波士顿的内港,然后进入波士顿港口。雾是由波士顿靠近水引起的。在春夏季经常下雨,而在冬季则经常下雪,这使得波士顿成为美国最潮湿的城市之一。与美国东北部的其他城市相比,波士顿的气候在大西洋和风的作用下相对温和。约在19世纪中期,借助铁路的发明,这座城市进入鼎盛时期。新兴工业有鞋子和其他皮革品的制造,直到最近这两项制造业也是波士顿经济的支柱。在19世纪中期,波士顿的居民主要是英国人,这个时期第一批欧洲移民开始到达。,典句欣赏Rainisfrequentinspringandsummer,whilesnowfallsregularlyinwinter,makingBostononeofthenationswettestcities.在春夏季经常下雨,而在冬季则经常下雪,这使得波士顿成为美国最潮湿的城市之一。,理解诱思1.Duringthemid-1800s,Bostonexperiencedrapiddevelopmentdueto.A.thedevotionofEnglishmenB.theuseoftherailroadC.EuropeanimmigrantsD.thesellingofshoes答案:B2.WouldyouliketovisitBoston?Why?答案:Yes,becauseIcanexperienceacitywithcompletelydifferentculturesandtraditions.,SectionWarmingUp,Pre-reading,Reading比赛4.applicant的动词vt.申请;应用5.distinct的名词n.差别;区分;卓著,major,election,race,apply,distinction,一,二,三,四,五,六,四、阅读课文CALIFORNIA,搭配所列的时间和事件1.15,000yearsagoa.ThepeopleofMexicogainedtheirindependence.2.16thcenturyb.Californiabecamethe31stfederalstateoftheUSA.3.1821c.TheUSAdeclaredwaronMexico.4.1846d.FirstsettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmerica.ThesepeoplearenowknownasNativeAmericans.5.1848e.SpanishsoldiersarrivedinSouthAmerica.6.1850f.GoldwasdiscoveredinCalifornia.答案:1.d2.e3.a4.c5.f6.b,一,二,三,四,五,六,五、阅读课文CALIFORNIA,回答下列问题1.Thetextmainlytellsus.A.thepopulationofCaliforniaB.variouspeopleinCaliforniaC.whyCaliforniaisthemostmulticulturalstateD.thelanguagespokenbyCalifornians2.Whichpeoplearenotmentionedinthepassage?A.PeoplefromAsia.B.PeoplefromEurope.C.PeoplefromAfrica.D.PeoplefromAustralia.,答案：C,答案：D,一,二,三,四,五,六,3.Whydoover40%oftheCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguagetoday?A.BecauseCaliforniawasonceruledbySpain.B.BecauseCaliforniabecamepartofMexicoin1821.C.BecauseCaliforniawasgiventotheUSAin1846.D.BecausetheSpanishwerereligious.4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.PeoplefromAfricamainlyworkinthecomputerindustry.B.ItisthecomputerindustrythatattractedIndians.C.In1850Californiawasntamulticulturalsociety.D.Inthefuture,Chinesewillbecomethemajorracialgroup.,答案：A,答案：B,一,二,三,四,五,六,六、根据课文内容语法填空Noonereallyknowsexactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedin1.wenowknowasCalifornia.However,itislikelythatNativeAmericans2.(live)inCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.Inthe16thcentury,afterthe3.(arrive)oftheEuropeans,thenativepeoplesufferedgreatlyandmanydied.However,somesurvivedandtodaythereare4.(many)NativeAmericanslivinginCaliforniathaninanyotherstate.Later,CaliforniawasruledbySpain.In1846theUnitedStatesdeclaredwar5.Mexico,andafterthewarwonbytheUSA,CaliforniabecamepartofAmerica.,what,wereliving/lived,arrival,more,on,一,二,三,四,五,六,TheGoldRushin1848attractedpeoplefromallovertheworld,includingChinese,6.movedtoCaliforniatomakealifethere.Alarge7.(percent)ofChinese-Americansliveinthe“Chinatowns”ofLosAngelesandSanFrancisco.In1911immigrantsfromDenmarkestablishedatownoftheirown,whichtodaystillkeeps8.theirDanishculture.Bythismeans,Californiahasthe9.(distinct)ofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA.ItisbelievedthatbeforelongCalifornia10.(be)amixtureofmanydifferentracesandcultures.,who,percentage,up,distinction,willbe,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,ItalsohasthedistinctionofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA,havingattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.(Page1)加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州,它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。考点distinctionn.差别;区分;卓著Thisisthedistinctionbetweenformalandinformallanguage.这就是正式语言和非正式语言之间的差别。Heisfairtouswithoutdistinction.他对我们很公平,没有区别对待。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,考点延伸(1)阅读下列句子,指出画线单词的词性及含义Canyoumakeadistinctionbetweenrightandwrong?词性名词含义区分NoonetodaydoubtsEliotsdistinctionasapoet.词性名词含义杰出;优秀Hisvoicewasquietbuteverywordwasdistinct.词性形容词含义清晰的;明显的(2)含distinction的短语havethedistinctionof具有的特质withoutdistinction无差别thedistinctionbetweenAandBA和B的区别makeadistinction区分开来;区别对待,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,(3)SheisawriterofdistinctionwhowontheNobelPrizeinLiterature.(4)ThereisadistinctimprovementinyourspokenEnglish.答案:(1)distinction(2)学校对男女生一视同仁。(3)她是一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的卓越的作家。(4)你的英语口语有明显的进步。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,Thecustomsandlanguagesoftheimmigrantsliveonintheirnewhome.(Page1)这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。考点liveon继续存在;继续生存Shediedtenyearsagobuthermemoryliveson.她十年前就去世了,但她还留在人们的记忆中。Thegovernmenttookmeasurestomakethiscustomliveon.政府采取措施使这个风俗延续下去。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体部分的意义MostAsiansliveonrice.意义以为食Duringtheweeksthatfollowed,welearnedtosurviveinourtruckandliveonthelittlemoneymywifeearnedbysubstituteteaching.意义靠为生Heliveduptohisparentsexpectations.意义达到;符合;不辜负(他人的期望),1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.(Page2)然而,可能至少在15,000年以前美洲土著人就居住在加利福尼亚了。考点句型Itislikelythat.可能会(有、发生)剖析该句型中,it为形式主语,真正的主语为that从句。【高考典句】(2016浙江高考)Itislikelythatbabiesarenotbornknowingthisbasicfactoftheuniverse.很可能婴儿在出生时并不知道宇宙的基本事实。Itislikelythattheywillagreewithus.他们有可能会同意我们的意见。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,考点延伸(1)阅读下面的句子,归纳likely的用法(2016四川高考)Infact,womenarelesslikelytohavehighbloodpressureortodiefromheartattacks.用法Sb/Sthislikelyto.某人/物很可能(2)阅读下列句子,指出画线单词的词性及含义Theprojectseemsunlikelytosucceed.词性形容词含义不可能的Unlikehisbrother,heistall.词性介词含义不像;和不同,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,变式训练(4)Theweatherislikelytobefine.theweatherwillbefine.答案:(1)tobeinvited(2)It(3)likely(4)Itislikelythat,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.(Page2)科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。考点bymeansof用方法;借助Wecanexpressourfeelingsbymeansofwords.我们可以用语言表达我们的感情。Thewaterisreturnedtotheboilerbymeansofaseriesofpumps.水借助一系列水泵回到锅炉中。温馨提示bymeansof后接名词,通常不接v.-ing形式。试比较:Thebossmadeafortunebymeansofexploitation(剥削).Thebossmadeafortunebyexploitingpeople.这个老板靠剥削发了财。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,考点延伸(1)阅读下面的句子,指出means的词性及含义Everymeansofcontactinghimhasbeentried.词性名词含义办法;方法温馨提示means作“方法,手段”讲时,为可数名词,单复数同形。a.当means作主语,有every,each等词修饰时,谓语动词用单数。b.当means作主语,有all,some,several,many,few等词修饰时,谓语动词用复数。如:Allthepossiblemeanshavebeenusedtosolvethemedicalproblem.为了解决这个医疗问题,所有可能的方法都尝试了。(谓语为复数),1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,(2)阅读下列句子,指出means的相关短语及意义CanIseeit?Byallmeans.短语byallmeans意义当然可以;没问题Doyouthinktheirtabletennisteamwillwinthefirstplace?Bynomeans.Oursismuchstrongerthantheirs.短语bynomeans意义决不Youcandoitbythismeans.短语bythismeans意义通过这种方式,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,bymeansof用方法;借助byallmeans当然可以;没问题bynomeans决不bythismeans通过这种方式,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.(Page2)在首批移居加州的西班牙人中,大部分是宗教人士,他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。剖析whose引导定语从句,修饰men。不定式togotoCalifornia作定语,修饰thefirstSpanish。考点majorityn.大多数;大半【高考典句】(2016天津高考)Themajorityofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheirprogramme.他们中大多数人在开始项目前要进行网上语言测试。Themajorityofpeoplebelievesmokingisharmfultohealth.大多数人相信吸烟有害健康。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出majority的相关短语及意义Thosewhoareinfavouroftheproposalareinthemajority.短语inthemajority意义占大多数Hewontheseatbyamajorityof71.短语byamajorityof意义以多数票Themajorityofdoctorsbelievesmokingisharmfultohealth.短语themajorityof意义大多数温馨提示majority单独用作主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数均可;“themajorityof+复数名词”用作主语时,其谓语动词通常要用复数;“themajorityof+不可数名词”用作主语时,其谓语动词用单数。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,Themajoritywas/wereinfavourofbanningsmoking.大多数人支持禁烟。ThemajorityofpeopleinterviewedpreferTVtoradio.大多数接受采访的人都表示喜欢看电视多于听收音机。,themajorityof.大多数inthemajority占大多数byamajorityof以多数票,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.(Page2)那就是为什么今天还有超过40%的加利福尼亚人仍然把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的缘故。考点句型Thatiswhy.那就是为什么剖析在该句型中,why引导表语从句,构成Thatiswhy.;其中that有时也可用this替换。Infact,thatiswhyImheretoseeyou.事实上,那是我来见你的原因。Thatswhyhedislikesme.那就是他不喜欢我的原因。Thatswhyhewaslate.那就是他迟到的原因。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,考点延伸(1)比较:This/Thatisbecause.这是/那是因为This/Thatiswhy.这就是/那就是为什么Itrainedhard.Thatwaswhyhewaslate.Hewaslate.Thatwasbecauseitrainedhard.(2)表原因的短语:becauseof.因为Becauseofhiswifebeingthere,Isaidnothingaboutit.,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,Somediedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifeforthemselvesdespitegreathardship.(Page2)一些人死了或回家了,但是不论多么艰苦,多数人还是留在了加利福尼亚谋生。考点makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等Inthecomingthreeyears,ourschoollifewillbechallengingandyouwilltrytomakealifeforyourself.在未来的三年,我们的学校生活将会有挑战性,你要努力适应新的生活方式。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,考点延伸(1)阅读下列句子,指出与makealife意思相近的短语Sheheardthatitwaseasiertomakealivinginthebigcities.短语makealivingNowadaysitisveryeasytoearnaliving.短语earnaliving(2)阅读下列句子,指出life的相关短语及意义Thedoctortriedhisbesttobringthepatienttolife.ThenewteacherreallybroughtFrenchtolifeforus.短语bring.tolife意义使苏醒,使复苏;使更有趣,使更生动Thematchfinallycametolifeinthesecondhalf.短语cometolife意义活跃起来,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等makealiving谋生earnaliving谋生bring.tolife使苏醒,使复苏;使更有趣,使更生动cometolife活跃起来;苏醒过来,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobecomethethirty-firstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850,itwasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.(Page2)到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候,它已经是一个有着多元文化的社会了。考点electvt.选择;决定做某事;选举某人IhavesuchagoodcommandofEnglishthatIamelectedasassistanttomyEnglishteacher.我英语学得很好,被选为英语课代表。Increasingnumbersofpeopleelecttoworkfromhomenowadays.现在越来越多的人选择在家工作。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体单词的词性及含义Weelectedhimmanager.词性动词含义选举;推选归纳在“elect+sb+职务”的结构中,总统、市长等职位前不用任何冠词。Hewontheelectionbyahugemajority.词性名词含义选举,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,In1911immigrantsfromDenmarkestablishedatownoftheirown,whichtodaystillkeepsuptheirDanishculture.(Page2)1911年,丹麦移民建立了他们自己的城镇,至今仍然保留着丹麦文化。考点keepup坚持;维持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)Itsofgreatimportancetokeepupthegoodreputationofthefirm.维持公司的好名誉是很重要的。ThoughtheyliveintheUnitedStates,theykeepuptheChinesecustoms.虽然他们住在美国,但他们仍沿袭着中国的风俗。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,考点延伸(1)阅读下列句子,指出keepup的含义Theclimberskeptupinthehopeofreachingthetopwiththelasteffort.含义坚持(前进)Therainkeptupallafternoon.含义持续(2)阅读下列句子,指出keep的相关短语及意义Doyouthinkithardtokeepupwithmedicaldevelopment?短语keepupwith意义跟上Pleasekeepoffthatbuilding.=Pleasekeepawayfromthatbuilding.短语keepoff/keepawayfrom意义远离;不靠近,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,Keeponuntilyoucometothestation.短语keepon意义继续Warmclothingwillkeepoutthecold.短语keepout意义遮挡;使不进入Illkeepnothingbackfromyou.短语keepback意义隐瞒Thegovernmentistryingtokeeppricesdown.短语keepdown意义控制,抑制(某事物的增长),1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,keepup维持;坚持;持续;沿袭(风俗、传统等)keepupwith跟上keepoff/keepawayfrom远离;不靠近keepon继续keepout遮挡;使不进入keepback隐瞒keepdown控制,抑制(某事物的增长),1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,(4)Childrenshouldbekeptfromthedangerousriver.(5)KeepyourvoiceIdontwantanyoneelsetohear.翻译句子(6)我们应该沿袭好的传统。答案:(1)up(2)out(3)up(4)away(5)down(6)Weshouldkeepupgoodtraditions.,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,TheindustryboomattractedEuropeansincludingmanyJewishpeople.(Page3)电影业的繁荣吸引了欧洲人,包括许多犹太人。考点boomn.(人口、贸易的)繁荣Therewillbeababyboomnextyearinthecityasabout200,000babieswillbeborn.明年这个城市将出现一个生育高峰,因为大约20万婴儿将出生。考点延伸阅读下面的句子,指出boom的词性及含义Bythe1980s,thecomputerindustrywasbooming.词性(不及物)动词含义迅猛发展,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,一,二,三,一、写作词汇检测A.根据每一组的提示词,完成或翻译句子。1.distinct(1)Wemustmakeabetweenclassicalandpopularmusichere.(2)她的声音很清晰。答案:(1)distinction(2)Hervoiceisverydistinct.2.boom(1)Businessthisweek.(2)它已经发展成一个拥有20万人的繁荣城市。答案:(1)isbooming(2)Ithasbecomeaboomingcityof200,000people.,一,二,三,3.hardship(1)Theofeveryoneintheminehavebeenmadeworsebythebittercold.(2)我一生经历了很多困难。答案:(1)hardships(2)Iveseenalotofhardshipinmylife.,一,二,三,B.根据图画内容及所给词语造句。(bymean